polymers_2.ppt

7/27/2019 POLYMERS_2.ppt

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PLASTIC FIBER ELASTOMER


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objectives By the end of the class, students

should be able

To explain the importance of proper

disposal of synthetic polymersTo suggest ways to dispose of synthetic

polymers in order to preserve theenvironment

To practice good habits in disposing ofsynthetic polymers


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What is Polymer ?!

o Food?

o Bag?

o Animal?

o Plant?

o Cloth?

o Or what?


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POLYMERS

large molecules made up of many

smaller and identical repeating units

-> monomers

These repeating units joins together by

covalent bonds


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POLYMERS

The chemical process that join the

monomers together

- POLYMERISATION

Polymerisation can be divided into 2

types :addition polymerisation

condensation polymerisation


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POLYMERS

Polymers can be divided into 2 types :

naturally occurring polymers

synthetic polymers


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What the

different

between natural

polymers and

syntheticpolymers?


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naturally occurring

polymers Polymers that exist in plants or animals

Types of naturally occurring polymers

protein : muscles

carbohydrates : cellulose

natural rubber : latex


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synthetic polymers

Polymers made in industry from

chemical substances

Scientists are able to copy structures

of natural polymers to produce

synthetic polymers trough scientificresearch


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synthetic polymers

many of raw materials for syntheticpolymers are obtain from

-> petroleum types of synthetic polymers

plastics

fibers elastomers


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Plasticis a synthetic

polymer.

Why?!


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plastics

composed of polymers of carbonand

hydrogenalone or with oxygen,

nitrogen, chlorineor sulfurin thebackbone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon


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plastics

Properties of plastics :-

Light

strong

malleable

inert to chemical

insulators of electricityand heat
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b2/Plastic_household_items.jpg


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plastics

example of plastics are :-

polythene (polyethylene)

polyvinylchloride (PVC)

polypropene (polypropylene)

polystyrene

PerspexBakelite


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fibers

long chain polymers that withstand

stretching

example of fibers are :-

polyamide nylon,

terylene

phenol-formaldehyde (PF)

acrylicpolymers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylic_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylic_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon


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elastomers

polymer that can regain its originalshape after being stretched or pressed

example of elastomers are :-Styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)

Polyisoprene(IR)

Polybutadiene(BR)

Chloroprene Rubber (CR)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyisoprenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybutadienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybutadienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyisoprene


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Why ????? Strong Inert to chemical

attacks Easily moulded or

shaped and be

coloured

Cheap

Able to resist

corrosion Special properties

can be made

according to

specific needs


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What is the impacts of

synthetic polymers

towardshuman and

environment?


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Environmental

pollution !!!

Most of the polymers are non-

biogradeable

Cannot be decomposed by bacteria /

decomposer

So caused disposal problem when

polymer not decay


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Environmental

pollution !!!

Plastics items discarded

Blockage of drainage systems & rivers

So caused flash floods


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Environmental

pollution !!!

Polymer containers not buried in the

ground

Become breeding ground for

mosquitoes

So caused diseases such as dengue


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Environmental

pollution !!!

The non-biogradeable polymers

thrown into rivers -> lakes -> seas

Swallowed by aquatic animals

Animals die due to chocking


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Environmental

pollution !!!

Open burning of polymers

Released harmful, poisonous gases

Cause air pollution

Contributes to acid rain problem


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Thats not the

only impacts ofplastics


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movie
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/project%20ku.wmvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/project%20ku.wmv


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Ways to dispose synthetic

polymer properly

PYROLISIS-burn without oxygen

INCINERATION-gas is filtered

INVENT A BIODEGRADEABLE

SYNTHETIC POLYMER


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CATEGORY Code Example DENSITY

1 PETE Pop bottle

Peanut butter jar

Mylar

1.381.39

2 HDPE Milk jug

Shampoo bottle

0.950.97

3 V Pipes and fittings, pill bottles,

shower curtains, garden hoses,

tile, leather like luggage and

upholstery

1.151.35

4 LDPE Trash bags

Diaper liners

0.920.94

5 PP Indoor/outdoor carpeting,kitchenware

0.90

0.91

6 PS Styrofoam

Pen casing

Clear plastic cups

1.051.07

7 OTHER Toothpaste and cosmetic containers

PRACTISING GOOD HABITS IN


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PRACTISING GOOD HABITS IN

DISPOSING OF SYNTHETIC

POLYMERS

1. Separate the synthetic polymersfrom other wastes.

2. Recycle

3. Reuse


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Do not recycle

1. Automotive Product Containers Including: Motor Oil Bottles

Anti-Freeze Containers

Gasoline and Oil Additive Bottles2. Brown Liquor Bottles

3. All Containers Marked With The Following

Codes:


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ACTIVITY


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QUIZZES

1) Polymers are made up of many smaller andidentical repeating units called monomers

2) The monomers join together by bondcovalent

3) The chemical process that join the monomers

together is called polymerization


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QUIZZES

4) 2 types of polymerization:

a.b.

additioncondensation

5) 2 types of polymers:

a.b.

Natural polymerSynthetic polymer


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QUIZZES

6) Types of synthetic polymers:

Plastics, fibers, elastomers

7) The impacts of synthetic polymers tothe human and environment:

Disposal problems

Blockage of rivers

diseases

Harmful to animals

pollutions


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Group activity!!


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Good luck!!!

Create a poster to give the awareness tothe people in order to preserve theenvironment from the syntheticpolymers

You may add the impacts, the way to

dispose synthetic polymers or whateverthat you have learn to make your postermore effective


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Example.

STOP USING PLASTICS!!!


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Post Lab Question

1) How do you properly dispose syntheticpolymers to preserve the environment?

Pyrolisis

inceneration

Invent abiodegradeablesynthetic polymers

reuse

recycle

Separate syntheticpolymers fromother wastes


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2) Why is it important to properly disposeof synthetic polymers?

To reduce the disposal problems

To prevent the diseases caused by syntheticpolymers wastes

To prevent the pollutions

To save the animals from being dead


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3) State environmental disaster occursdue to improper disposal of plastics.

Flash flood

acid rain


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4) Do you think the usage ofbiodegradable polymer should be

expanded? Explain.

Yes.

Harmless to environmentCan disposed easily


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5) What are the factors that hindersfrom using biodegradable polymers?

Costly

Not so strong


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Conclusion

Proper disposal of synthetic polymersis important in order to preserve the

environment. This is because syntheticpolymers bring lot of bad effects tothe human and environment:

a) blockage of river

b) disease

c) pollution


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There are ways to dispose syntheticpolymers:

a) pyrolisisb) inceneration

c) use biodegradable synthetic

polymers


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Good habits in disposing of syntheticpolymers:

a) recycleb) reuse

c) separate synthetic polymers from

the other wastes


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references

Hoong, L.T., Yi, M. T. & Hasnah Abu Samah. (2006). ScienceForm 5. Asia Galaxy Sdn. Bhd. Kuala Lumpur.

Loh Wai Leng, Tan On Tin. (2006). Exploring Chemistry Form4. Oxford Fajar.

http://www.pslc.ws/macrog/kidsmac

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_polymer

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/polymers.htm


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THANKYOU.!!!

polymers_2.ppt

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