polymer corn presentation 02-05-04.ppt [read-only]€¦ · title: microsoft powerpoint - polymer...

T.J. Vyn, Purdue University©

Polymer Seed Coatings for Early Planting of Hybrid Corn in Indiana?

Tony J. Vyn, M. Murua, M. Gonzalo and J. Brewer

February 05, 2004


Risks of Early Planting of Corn

Low PopulationsVariable Plant Development

Low Yields

Emergence variability Pests Attacks Late Killing Frost


Expected Grain Yield Due to Various Planting Dates and Final Plant Populations

Source: Nafziger (1994)

Optimum

Planting

Period

Planting 20 30Date

10-Apr 85 9415-Apr 88 9720-Apr 90 9925-Apr 92 10030-Apr 92 1005-May 91 9910-May 89 9715-May 87 9520-May 83 9125-May 79 8730-May 73 81

Plants (000 acre-1)

Yield (%)


Temperature-activated Polymers behave in two ways

Intelimer® Technology

Amorphous

HEAT

COOL

Crystalline

Impermeable to water Permeable to water

Crystalline Amorphous

Impermeable to H20 Permeable to H20


Early Plant™ Technology

It knows when to grow !


“Pollinator Plus” Male Parent Delay


Corn Producer Profile for Early Plant Option?

1. Variable drainage and in Central or Eastern Corn Belt

2. No-till production system

3. Acreage expanding, but planting capability limited

4. Risk adverse to high rainfall in optimum planting period

5. Determined to plant soybean early, and harvest corn early

Results in Year 2000


Experimental Design in Year 2000

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

Hybrid 8509

Hybrid 9307

March 28 April 14 May 16

Planting Date

Coating A2 % of seed weight

UTC (Control)

Coating B3 % of seed weight

Coating


Emergence Profile (2000)

0

510

15

20

2530

35

24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

8509/UTC 8509/A 8509/B

Planting Date: March 28


Emergence Profile (2000)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

9307/UTC 9307/A 9307/B

Planting Date: March 28


Emergence Profile 2000

0

5

10

15

20

2530

35

14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Days after planting

Pla

nts/

acr

e x

1000

9307/UTC 9307/A 9307/B

Planting Date: April 14


Polymer Coatings and Yield 2000

0

50

100

150

200

1 2 3

Planting Date

Bu/

acre

8509/B8509/UTC 8509/A

3/28/00 5/16/004/14/00

Lafayette, IN


Polymer Coatings and Yield (2000)

0

50

100

150

200

1 2 3

Planting Date

Bu/

acre

3/28/00 5/16/004/14/00

9307/B9307/UTC 9307/A

Lafayette, IN

Results in Year 2001

Killing Frosts on April 17 and 18


Emergence Profile based on Surviving Seedlings (2001)


Frost05

101520253035

9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

9307/UTC 9307/C 9307/D

Frost


Hybrid 9307/UTC


Emergence Profile based on Surviving Seedlings (2001)

0

10

20

30

40

9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

8509/UTC 8509/D


Frost


Final Plant Populations (Lafayette, IN)

TreatmentYear 20009307/UTC 27200 28700 266009307/A 28700 28700 274009307/B 29000 28200 26900

8509/UTC 31300 31600 305008509/A 30900 31900 296008509/B 30400 31700 30400

Year 20019307/UTC 17400 b 28500 a 30500 a9307/C 24300 a 26000 b 28400 b9307/D 23300 a 28200 a 30600 a

8509/UTC 25000 b 25700 300008509/D 29100 a 27400 30400M eans separation within planting date and hybrid by Duncan range test, 5% level.

Treatment code: UTC, control , A,B,C, and D are polymer coat ings

Plant Population (Plants/acre)Planting Date

3/28/2000 4/14/2000 5/16/2000

4/2/2001 4/19/2001 5/11/2001


Polymer Coatings and Yield 2001

0

50

100

150

200

1 2 3

Planting Date

Bu/

acre

4/2/01 5/11/014/19/01

2001 9307/D9307/ C9307/ UTC

Lafayette, IN


Polymer Coatings and Yields 2001

0

50

100

150

200

1 2 3

Planting Date

Bu/

acre

4/2/01 5/11/014/19/01

"

8509/D8509/UTCLafayette, IN


Polymer Coatings and Yields in 2001

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

1 2 3

8809/UTC8809/A8809/B8809/C

Valparaiso, IN

March 30 April May


Coating Effects on Yield in 2002(average of 3 hybrids at West Lafayette, IN)

0

50

100

150

200

250

18-Apr 15-May 23-May 4th Qtr

UncoatedCoated


Coatings and Emergence Time in 2003(average of 3 hybrids at West Lafayette)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Mar. 27 4-Apr 23-Apr

UTCCoated

Day

s fr

om p

lant

ing


Maximum and Minimum Soil Temperatures after Planting 2003(West Lafayette)

25

35

45

55

65

75

85

28-Mar

4-Apr

11-Apr

18-Apr

25-Apr

2-May

9-May

16-May

Tem

pera

ture

(F)

First planting March 27

Second planting April 3

Third planting April 23


Comparison of early versus late planting in 2003Planting date:<4/15 early, >4/15 late

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

Emer

genc

e, %

EX17S EX13 EX12B EX11

EP < Apr 15UTC < Apr 15EP > Apr 15UTC > Apr 15

Replicated Plot Trials: 6 locations, IN,IL,OH,MO


Coating Effects on Population in 2003 (Average of 3 hybrids and 3 planting dates at Wanatah, IN)

Population as affected by coating treatments

297003045031150

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

Coat A Coat B Uncoated

Plan

ts /

acre


Coating Effects on Corn Yield in 2003(mean of 3 hybrids at West Lafayette)

100110120130140150160170180190200

Mar. 27 4-Apr 23-Apr

UncoatedCoated


Planted April 5, 2002, Urbana, IL

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

9 10 11 12 13

Days after planting

Perc

ent e

mer

ged

UncoatedCoated

Source: Dr. E. Nafziger

Polymer Studies in Illinois


Corn Planting Date/Seed Coating, Urbana, IL 2002

020406080

100120140160

Apr. 5 Apr. 26 May 15

Planting date

Yiel

d, b

u/ac

reUncoated Polymer coated



DeKalb Intellicoat Trial, 2003Planted April 1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31Days after planting

Perc

ent o

f fin

al e

mer

genc

e

UncoatedCoated



DeKalb, IL 2003

100

120140

160180

200

220240

260

1-Apr 29-Apr

Planting date

Yiel

d, b

u/ac

reUncoatedCoated



Maximum and minimum soil temperatures after planting, Polymer Corn Study, Wanatah, 2003

25

35

45

55

65

75

85

4-Apr

11-Apr

18-Apr

25-Apr

2-May

9-May

16-M

ay

23-May

Tem

pera

ture

(F)

First planting April 3

Second planting April 15

Third planting April 28


Polymer Coatings for Hybrid Corn

Corn emergence a function of “trigger” soil temperatures; delays were often as small as 1 day, but could be as much as 5 days

Higher corn populations resulted with very early planting plus inclement weather

Considerable interaction with hybrids (emergence delay, population influence, yield effect, etc.)

No corn yield benefit relative to planting during normal planting period.

No negative yield effects when planting delayed


Recommendations

Needs to provide an economic advantage to become widely adopted. More research and on-farm evaluation required

Employ coatings on corn hybrids with high seedling vigor and early cold tolerance

Planter adjustment even more important (uniform seeding depth)

Population determination for early plant?


Acknowledgments

Landec Ag (Monticello and Oxford, Indiana)

Purdue Research Foundation

Technical assistants and farm superintendents


Temperature-activated Polymers

NumberLengthMonomers

Polymers with Different Melting Points(0 - 90 º C)

Seed Coatings



05

101520253035

9 11 13 15 17 19

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

8509/UTC 8509/D




05

101520253035

9 11 13 15 17 19

Days after planting

Plan

ts/ a

cre

x 10

00

9307/UTC 9307/C 9307/D


polymer corn presentation 02-05-04.ppt [read-only]€¦ · title: microsoft powerpoint - polymer...

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