polychaeta (annelida) in worms geoff read
TRANSCRIPT
Brussels, 28-‐30 September
Polychaeta (Annelida) in WoRMS
Geoff Read
NIWA New Zealand
Context interface
www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/index.php
Swimming — an unexpected skill of Polychaeta
Teuthidodrilus = squidworm
Swima bombiviridis
Nereididae
Polynoidae Syllidae
SyllidaeAlciopidaeAcrocirridae
Acrocirridae
Group in WoRMS all taxa names
all species names
valid species names
Class Polychaeta 23,872 20,135 11,615
Subclass Echiura 296 234 197
Subclass Errantia 12,686 10,849 6,210
Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis 354 265 199
Subclass Sedentaria 10,528 8,787 5,009
Non-‐marine Polychaeta 28 16 (3 terrestrial)
Class Clitellata* 1601 1086 (279 Hirudinea)
Total WoRMS Polychaeta records, excluding fossils
91 valid families. Entries >98% editor checked, except Echiura (69%)
Echiura were recently a separate phylum
*Total valid non-‐leech clitellates~5000 spp, 1700 aquatic. (Martin et al. 2008)
Annelida diversity"It is now clear that annelids, in addition to including a large number of species, encompass a much greater disparity of body plans than previously anticipated, including animals that are segmented and unsegmented, with and without parapodia, with and without chaetae, coelomate and acoelomate, with straight guts and with U-‐shaped digestive tracts, from microscopic to gigantic." (Andrade et al. 2015)
Andrade et al (2015) “Articulating “archiannelids”: Phylogenomics and annelid relationships, with emphasis on meiofaunal taxa.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, efirst
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)EV Nautilus: Riftia Semenov: Terebellidae
Annelida latest phylogeny
“… it is now well accepted that Annelida includes many taxa formerly considered different phyla or with supposed affiliations with other animal groups, such as Sipuncula, Echiura, Pogonophora and Vestimentifera, Myzostomida, or Diurodrilida(Struck et al. 2011; Kvist and Siddall 2013; Weigert et al. 2014; Andrade et al. 2015; Laumer et al. 2015a; Struck et al. 2015).”
Giribet, G. (2015) New animal phylogeny: future challenges for animal phylogeny in the age of phylogenomics. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, efirst, 1-‐8.
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)
Higher & higher ranks: the collapse of Pogonophora etc into family Siboglinidae
In 2001 Rouse distilled two phyla (Pogonophora, Vestimentifera), as well as two subphyla, three classes, and 13 families down into family Siboglinidae
Nothing adverse … deep-‐sea siboglinid research continues apace
Currently there are 32 siboglinid genera and just 178 species
What has happened since?
State of play — current WoRMS Polychaeta ad hoc hierarchy
Subclass Echiura
Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis
Subclass Errantia
Order AmphinomidaOrder EunicidaOrder Phyllodocida
Subclass Sedentaria
Suborder Aphroditiformia
Suborder Glyceriformia
Suborder Nereidiformia
Suborder Phyllodociformia
Suborder Phyllodocida incertae sedis
Infraclass Canalipalpata
Family Chaetopteridae
Infraclass Scolecida
Order Sabellida
Order Spionida
Order Terebellida
Annelida latest phylogeny
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)Siboglinidae
ClitellataEchiura
Sedentaria
Errantia
Myzostomida
Sipuncula
First-‐split annelidsoutgroups Fig. 5 ML tree. Andrade et al (2015)
“Articulating “archiannelids”: Phylogenomics and annelid relationships, with emphasis on meiofaunal taxa.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, efirst.
Where or what is 'Polychaeta' now?
Is it a superfluous name?
Is it Errantia plus Sedentaria, which latter includes Clitellates(oligochaetes & hirudinea) plus Echiura?
Planning ahead … Annelidabase? Discuss with colleagues?
Planning ahead … Annelidabase? Discuss with colleagues?
AnnelidaAnnelida
Annelida
Brussels, 28-‐29-‐30 September
Sabella spallanzanii by C. Middleton
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