political leadership and community participation
TRANSCRIPT
Political leadership and community participation
- Fifteen years experience of Safe Community Promotion in Korea
Joonpil Cho, M.D.
Chair and Professor
Center for Community Safety Promotion
Ajou University Medical Center
Suwon, Korea
Safe communities in Asian Region
Safe Communities in Korea
Strategies of Safe Community Programs implementation
Safe communities in Asian Region
Safe Communities in Korea
Strategies of Safe Community Programs implementation
Korea
International Safety Community Support Center: Center for Community Safety Promotion at Ajou University Medical Center
Suwon
Programs launching in 1998
Designation: 2002
The 1st in Korea and in Asia
The 63rd in the World
Population: 1.2 millions
Hosted the 1st Asian Conference on SC in 2002
Hosted the International conference in 2010
By Nov. 2015: 10 communities designated
A ferry sinking in April, 2014
Lauching SC Programs
Gwangju metropolitan
Suncheon
Guechang
Gumi
Woolsan, Nam District
Asan
Pyungteak
Gwangju City
Jeonju
Youngwol
China
Hong Kong:
2 in 2003 10 by 2015
Tuen Mun (2003,2009)
Kwai Tsing (2003,2008)
Sham Shui Po (2006, 2011)
Tung Chung (2006, 2011)
Tai Po (2005, 2010)
Tsuen Wan (2006, 2011)
Sai Kung (2009)
Wong Tai Sin (2011)
Southern District (2011)
Shandong Youth Park
in 2007
Mainland:
1 in 2007 89 by 2015
International Safety Community Support Centers: China Occupational Safety and Health Agency (COSHA) in Beijing and HK
Taiwan, China
Neihu urban metropolitan Dungshr rural agricultural Fengbin rural seashore, tourism Alishan aboriginal, mountainous
The first 4 platforms for Safe Communities in 2005 19 by Nov. 2015
International Safety Community Support Center: Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA)
Vietnam
Safe Communities:
5 in 2006 5 in 2007
Less active recently
Safe Communities:
Kameoka in 2008
11 by Nov. 2015
Japan
International Safety Community Support Center: Japanese Institute for Safe Community (JISC)
Tambon Chomphu, Phitsanulok Province
Thapladuk, Lamphoon Province
Nan Municipality, Nan Province
Wang Sai Phoon Pichit Province
Talad Kriab Municipality Ayutthaya Province
Soi Su Rao, Bangkok
Soi Saun Ngern, Bangkok
Ban Khao Din, Phitsanulok Province
Ban Nong Kong, Buriram Province
Wangsomboon, Sakaeo Province
Danchai Pattana, Sakaeo Province
Ban Krapo Lernglom, Srisaket Province
Ko Jan, Chonburi Province
Tanon Yai, Lobburi Province
Thailand
• 3 designated by Nov. 2015
• Many communities under
preparation
•Very bottom up approach at
small village level with experts
involvement
19
10
11
89
3 10
10
89
10
19
10 11 10 3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
China China, Hong Kong China (Province of Taiwan)
Vietnam Japan Korea
Thailand
152 by Nov. 2015
International Safety Community Support Centers in Asia
Bangladesh: Center for Child and Mother Health
Korea: Center for Community Safety Promotion, at Ajou University Medical Center
China:
Beijing: China Occupational Safety and Health Agency (COSHA)
Hong Kong: Occupational Safety and Health Agency
Taiwan: Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA)
Japan: Japanese Institute for Safe Community (JISC)
Safe communities in Asian Region
Safe Communities in Korea
Strategies of Safe Community Programs implementation
Safe Communities A “Safe Community” can be a: Municipality; a County; a City or a District of a City working with safety promotion, Injury-, Violence- and Suicide- prevention and prevention of the consequences (human injuries) related to Natural Disaster, covering all age groups, gender and areas and is a part of an international network of accredited programs.
National
Government
7 - Metropolitan City
9 - Province
234 - District, County, City
Jeju
Busan (3.5 M, 16 D)
Gwangju (2.5 M, 6D)
Suwon (1.2 M), Songpa
Wonju, Cheonan, Gwacheon
Samcheok, Gangbuk
Changwon (1.1 M)
National Administration structure
Population size of SCs in Korea
• Busan 3.5 millions
• Suwon 1.2 millions
• Changwon 1.1 millions
• Gwangju 2.5 millions
• Songpa 660 thousands
• Jeju 610 thousands
• Cheonan 600 thousands
• Gangbuk 340 thousands
• Wonju 330 thousands
• Samcheok 72 thousands
• Gwacheon 70 thousands
• Asian Safe Communities
• Korea 845,000
• China(HK) 447,000
• Japan 135,000
• China 120,000
• China(Taiwan) 94,000
• Vietnam 13,000
• Thailand 10,000
Population size of Safe Communities
• Nordic Safe Communities
• Sweden 40,000
• Norway 44,000
• Finland 65,000
Two major characteristics of SCs in Korea
• Top-down approach with strong political leaderships
– Political leadership changes influenced a lot to SC programs
• High population urbanized metropolitan city
– Whole city approach with some model areas or programs
– More bureaucratic/difficulties in multi sectors collaboration
– Less participation from citizens
– Uneasy injury surveillance
– Difficult to evaluate SC programs
Safe communities in Asian Region
Safe Communities in Korea
Strategies of Safe Community Programs implementation
Bottom up ? or Top down ?
Achievement
Time
SW
Designation Re-designation
SP
CW
CA
SC
BS
GB GC JJ
WJ
GJ
SC GC AS
CJ PT
YW GJ
NG GM
Time to Achievement of SC in Korea
Bottom-up Model
Looking for resource Loosely organized Lack of efficiency
Less politically influenced Volunteer manpower
Residents participation Common consensus
Based on community’s needs
Top-down model
Based on Policy Enough budget Well organized Highly efficient
Lack of consensus Lack of manpower
Residents indifference Continuity not
guaranteed
Top-down model
Bottom-up Model
Bi-directional Approaches:
- community participation and multi-sector collaborations with public policies
Sustainability
