POETRY

Unstructured

• Found poem.• Free verse.

Structured

• Quatrain / Ballad• Limerick• Acrostic• Concrete• Haiku

WORD WALL

METAPHORSIMILE

PERSONIFICATIONHYPERBOLE

IMAGERYALLITERATION

ONOMATOPOEIA

• A quatrain is a poem or stanza written in four lines.

• The quatrain is the most common form of stanza used in poetry.

• Usually rhymes.

• Can be written in a variety of rhyming patterns.

Quatrain Rhyming Schemes

• AABB – Lines 1 & 2 rhyme and lines 3 & 4 rhyme.

• ABAB – Lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 4 rhyme.

• ABBA – Lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 3 rhyme.

• ABCB – Lines 2 & 4 rhyme and lines 1 & 3 do not rhyme.

Quatrain Example

The Lizard

The lizard is a timid thingThat cannot dance or fly or sing;He hunts for bugs beneath the floorAnd longs to be a dinosaur

By John Gardner

Another Example

And summer’s warmer windsHave carried you to meUpon the brisk and salty scentOf waves upon the sea

Ballads

• Ballads are poems that tell a story.

• A form or narrative poetry.

• Often used in songs and have a very musical quality to them.

• Usually sets of quatrains with the rhyming scheme ABAB or ABCB (but not always).

ExampleOn top of spaghetti,All covered with cheese,I lost my poor meatball,When somebody sneezed.

It rolled off the table,and onto the floor,and then my poor meatball,rolled right out the door.

It rolled in the garden,and under a bush,and then my poor meatball,was nothing but mush.

The mush was as tasty,as tasty could be,and then the next summer,it grew into a tree.

The tree was all covered,all covered with moss,and on it grew meatballs,and tomato sauce.

So if you eat sphagetti,all covered with cheese,hold onto your meatball,whenever you sneeze.

The Limerick• It's a five line poem.• Establish the rhythm.• Lines 1, 2, & 5 share rhythm and rhyme patterns.• Lines 3 & 4 share rhythm and rhyme patterns.• So the whole poem has a AABBA rhyming scheme.• Think of limerick structure like a joke.• Establish a main character.• Put the character in a situation.• Run the situation out of control.• Resolve with a punch line.

A Basic Example

There was a young man from Leeds,Who ate a whole packet of seeds,In less than an hour,His nose was a flowerAnd his head was a garden of weeds

Definition

• A serious limerick is impossible (or just a bad one).

• Rhyming scheme- A-A-B-B-A- Such that lines 1, 2 & 5 rhyme.- And lines 3 & 4 rhyme.

Rhythm

- Lines 1, 2 & 5 should have the same metre (8 syllables).

- Lines 3 & 4 should have the same metre (5 or 6 syllables).

Read the following limericks. Sound them out using the previous guidelines to help you understand the structure

and rhythm.

There was a Young Lady whose chin Resembled the point of a pin. So she had it made sharp And purchased a harp, And played several tunes with her chin.

Anonymous

I once knew a camel named Slump, Who could never quite fill up his hump. The water would leak, From a hole in his cheek, And leave him with only a stump.

Sarah Fanny

Fill in the Blanks

There was a man from EalingWho liked to hang from the __________.He said, “I can’t wear a __________.But I hang like a __________And it’s certainly a wonderful __________.”

Now You Try

I once met a __________ from __________.Everyday s/he __________.But whenever s/he __________.The __________.That strange __________ from __________.

Haiku

• An unrhymed Japanese verse consisting of three �unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables (5, 7, 5) or 17 syllables in all.

• Written in the present tense�

• Focus on nature (but not always)�

• Cannot use metaphor or simile�

The Kigo

• Traditional haiku must include a KIGO• A season word, which indicates in which season

the Haiku is set. Examples:

• – cherry blossoms indicate spring, • – snow indicates winter, • – mosquitoes indicate summer,

The kigo isn't always that obvious.

History

• Derived from tanka 5-7-5-7-7 syllable structure.• (linked elegance)• People played a game in which one person

started with the 5–7-5 and another finished with the 7-7.

• After a while (a hundred years or so) people started reading just the 5-7-5 originally called the hokku all on its own.