POETRY-1 (ENG403)

LECTURE – 5

REVIEW OF LECTURE 4

• The Knight• The Squire• The Yeoman• The Prioress• The Monk • The Friar

REVIEW OF LECTURE 4

• The Man of Law• The Franklin• The five members of the guild• The Clerk of Oxford• The Merchant• The Cook

A shipman was ther, wonynge fer by weste; L. 388For aught I woot, he was of dertemouthe.

He rood upon a rounce, as he kouthe,In a gowne of faldyng to the knee.

A daggere hangynge on a laas hadde heAboute his nekke, under his arm adoun. L. 393

• Shipman- sailor• Wonynge- living• fer by weste- the west

country• Woot- know• Dertemouthe-dartmouth• Rounce- horse

• Kouthe- could • Faldyng- rough woolen

cloth• Daggere- dagger• Hangynge- hanging• Laas- lace• Adoun- hanging

The hoote somer hadde maad his hewe al broun; And certeinly he was a good felawe. L. 396Ful many a draughte of wyn had he ydrawe

Fro burdeux-ward, whil that the chapmen sleep.Of nyce conscience took he no keep. L.398

• Hoote- hot• Somer- summer• Maad- made• Hewe- colour• Al broun- all brown• Felawe- fellow• Wyn- wine

• Ydrawe- drawn• Fro burdeux-ward- to

travel to Bordeaux• Nyce- nice• Keepe- attention

If that he faught, and hadde the hyer hond, L.399By water he sente hem hoom to every lond.

But of his craft to rekene wel his tydes,His stremes, and his daungers hym bisides,

His herberwe, and his moone, his lodemenage,Ther nas noon swich from hulle to cartage. L.404

• Faught- fought• Hyer hond- higher hand• By water - he threw his prisoners into the sea• Stremes- currents• Herberwe- harbour• Moone- moon• Lodemenage- pilotage• Hulle to cartage- Yorkshire to north coast of Africa

Hardy he was and wys to undertake; L. 405With many a tempest hadde his berd been shake.

He knew alle the havenes, as they were,Fro gootlond to the cape of fynystere,

And every cryke in britaigne and in spayne.His barge ycleped was the maudelayne. L. 410

• Gootlond- Gothland• Fynystere- Finistere,

With us ther was a doctour of phisik; L. 412In al this world ne was the noon hym lik,

To speke of phisik and of surgeryeFor he was grounded in astronomye.He kepte his pacient a ful greet deel

In houres by his magyk natureel. L.416

• doctour of phisik- doctor of medicine• Kepte- watched• ful greet deel- very carefully• magyk natureel- natural magic

Wel koude he fortunen the ascendent L.417Of his ymages for his pacient.

He knew the cause of everich maladye,Were it of hoot, or coold, or moyste, or drye,

And where they engendred, and of what humour.He was a verray, parfit praktisour: L.422

• Fortunen- calculate• The ascendent- the right moment• Ymages- charms• Maladye- illness• Praktisour- practitioner

The cause yknowe, and of his harm the roote, L. 423Anon he yaf the sike man his boote.Ful redy hadde he his apothecaries

To sende hym drogges and his letuaries,For ech of hem made oother for to wynne –

Hir frendshipe nas nat newe to bigynne. L.428• Yknowe- known• Anon- immediately• Sike- sick• Boote- remedy

Wel knew he the olde esculapius, L.429And deyscorides, and eek rufus,Olde ypocras, haly, and galyen,

Serapion, razis, and avycen,Averrois, damascien, and constantyn,

Bernard, and gatesden, and gilbertyn. L.434• Esculapius• Deyscorides• Rufus• Ypocras• Galyen• Serapion• Razis• Avycen

• Averrois• Damascien• Constantyn• Bernard• Gatesden• gilbertyn

Of his diete mesurable was he, L.435For it was of no superfluitee,

But of greet norissyng and digestible.His studie was but litel on the bible. L.438

• Diete- diet• Mesurable-• Superfluitee• Norissyng• Digestible

In sangwyn and in pers he clad was al, L.439Lyned with taffata and with sendal;And yet he was but esy of dispence;He kepte that he wan in pestilence.

For gold in phisik is a cordial,Therefore he lovede gold in special. L.444

• Pers- blue• Clad- dressed• Lyned- lined• taffata and with sendal- costly silk• esy of dispence- economical• Wan- earned• Pestilence- plague

A good wif was ther of biside bathe, L.445But she was somdel deef, and that was scathe.Of clooth-makyng she hadde swich an haunt,

She passed hem of ypres and of gaunt.In al the parisshe wif ne was ther noon

That to the offrynge bifore hire sholde goon; L. 450• Biside- beside• Bathe- place• Somdel- somewhat• Deef- deaf• Scathe- misfortune• swich an haunt- such a

practice• Passed- surpassed

• Parisshe- village• Offrynge- offering• bifore hire sholde goon-

should have left before her

And if ther dide, certeyn so wrooth was she, L.451That she was out of alle charitee.

Hir coverchiefs ful fyne weren of ground;I dorste swere they weyeden ten pound

That on a sonday weren upon hir heed. L.455

• Wrooth- angry• out of- forgot• Weyeden- weighed

Hir hosen weren of fyn scarlet reed, 456Ful streite yteyd, and shoes ful moyste and newe.

Boold was hir face, and fair, and reed of hewe.She was a worthy womman al hir lyve:

Housbondes at chirche dore she hadde fyve,Withouten oother compaignye in youthe, --

But therof nedeth nat to speke as nowthe. L.462

• Moyste- soft• Withouten- in addition

And thries hadde she been at jerusalem; L.463She hadde passed many a straunge strem;At rome she hadde been, and at boloigne,

In galice at seint-jame, and at coloigne.She koude muchel of wandrynge by the weye.Gat-tothed was she, soothly for to seye. L.468

• Boloigne- Bolongne, image of virgin • Galice- Calicia, Spain• seint-jame- St. James• Coloigne- colonge,three knights from east• Gat-tothed- having gap in teeth

Upon an amblere esily she sat, L.470Ywympled wel, and on hir heed an hat

As brood as is a bokeler or a targe;A foot-mantel aboute hir hipes large,

And on hir feet a paire of spores sharpe.In felaweshipe wel koude she laughe and carpe.

Of remedies of love she knew per chaunce,For she koude of that art the olde daunce. L.476

• Amblere- horse walking smoothly

• Ywympled- Wimple• art the olde daunce-

ancient game of love making

• Bokeler/targe-small shield• Foot-mantel- outer skirt• Hipes- hips• Carpe- talk

A good man was ther of religioun, L.477And was a povre persoun of a toun,

But riche he was of hooly thoght and werk.He was also a lerned man, a clerk,

That cristes gospel trewely wolde preche;His parisshens devoutly wolde he teche. L.482

• Povre persoun- poor parson• Clerk- scholar• Parisshens- villager

Benygne he was, and wonder diligent, L.483484: And in adversitee ful pacient,

485: And swich he was ypreved ofte sithes.486: Ful looth were hym to cursen for his tithes,487: But rather wolde he yeven, out of doute,

488: Unto his povre parisshens aboute489: Of his offryng and eek of his substaunce.

490: He koude in litel thyng have suffisaunce. L.490• Benygne- kind• Diligent- hard-working• Adversitee- misfortune• Ypreved- proved• ofte sithes- many

occasions

• Looth- unwilling• Tithes- 10th part• Suffisaunce- satisfaction

Wyd was his parisshe, and houses fer asonder, L. 491But he ne lefte nat, for reyn ne thonder,

In siknesse nor in meschief to visiteThe ferreste in his parisshe, muche and lite,

Upon his feet, and in his hand a staf.This noble ensample to his sheep he yaf,

That first he wroghte, and afterward he taughte. L.497• fer asonder- far away• reyn ne thonder- neither rain nor thunder• Ferreste- farthest• muche and lite- rich and poor• Staf- stick• Ensample- example• Sheep- town men• Wroghte- worked

Out of the gospel he tho wordes caughte, L.498And this figure he added eek therto,That if gold ruste, what shal iren do?

For if a preest be foul, on whom we truste,No wonder is a lewed man to ruste;And shame it is, if a prest take keep,

A shiten shepherde and a clene sheep. L.504

• Tho- those• Lewed- ignorant

Wel oghte a preest ensample for to yive, L.505By his clennesse, how that his sheep sholde lyve.

He sette nat his benefice to hyreAnd leet his sheep encombred in the myre

And ran to londoun unto seinte poulesTo seken hym a chaunterie for soules, L.510

• Encombred- stuck fast• seinte poules- Saint Paul• To seken hym- to look for himself

Or with a bretherhed to been withholde; L.511But dwelte at hoom, and kepte wel his folde,

So that the wolf ne made it nat myscarie;He was a shepherde and noght a mercenarie.

And though he hooly were and vertuous,He was to synful men nat despitous, L. 516

• Bretherhed- brotherhood, guild• Withholde- to keep• Kepte- kept• Myscarie- go amiss• Despitous- merciless

Ne of his speche daungerous ne digne, L.517But in his techyng discreet and benygne.To drawen folk to hevene by fairnesse,

By good ensample, this was his bisynesse.But it were any persone obstinat,

What so he were, of heigh or lough estat,Hym wolde he snybben sharply for the nonys. L.523

• Fairnesse- honesty of life• What so he were- his rank

A bettre preest I trowe that nowher noon ys. L.524He waited after no pompe and reverence,

Ne maked him a spiced conscience,But cristes loore and his apostles twelve

He taughte, but first he folwed it hymselve. L.528

• Trowe- believe• waited after- expected• spiced conscience- corrupt conscience

With hym ther was a plowman, was his brother, L.531That hadde ylad of dong ful many a fother;

A trewe swynkere and a good was he,Lyvynge in pees and parfit charitee.

God loved he best with al his hoole herteAt alle tymes, thogh him gamed or smerte,

And thanne his neighebor right as hymselve. L.535• Plowman- a small farmer• Ylad- carried• Fother- cart load• Trewe- true, honest• Swynkere- hard worker• Good- brave

• Pees- peace• Gamed/smerte- hurt

He wolde thresshe, and therto dyke and delve, L.536For cristes sake, for every povre wight,Withouten hire, if it lay in his myght.His tithes payde he ful faire and wel,

Bothe of his propre swynk and his catel. L.540

• Dyke and delve- dig the earth• Povre wight- poor man• Myght- power• Tithes- 10th part of income• Propre swynk- proper hard work

In a tabard he rood upon a mere. L.541Ther was also a reve, and a millere,

A somnour, and a pardoner also,A maunciple, and myself -- ther were namo. L.544

• Mere- mare• Reeve- manager of the farm• Somnour- peon of the court

• Namo- no more

The millere was a stout carl for the nones; L.545Ful byg he was of brawn, and eek of bones.

That proved wel, for over al ther he cam,At wrastlynge he wolde have alwey the ram.

He was short-sholdred, brood, a thikke knarre;Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of harre,

Or breke it at a rennyng with his heed.His berd as any sowe or fox was reed, L.552• Carl- countryman

• Nones- once• Brawn- muscles• Over al- wherever• Wrastlynge- wrestling • Ram- prize• Brood- broad

• thikke knarre- thich knotty fellow

• Dore- door• Heve- heave• Harre- hinge• Sowe- pig

And therto brood, as though it were a spade. L.553Upon the cop right of his nose he hade

A werte, and theron stood a toft of herys,Reed as the brustles of a sowes erys;His nosethirles blake were and wyde.

A swerd and bokeler bar he by his syde. L.558• Brood- broad• Cop- top• Werte- wart, mark• Herys- hair• Brustles- bristles• Sowes- pig• erys- ears

• Nosethirles- nostrils• Blake- black• swerd- sword• Bar- bear

His mouth as greet was as a greet forneys. L.559He was a janglere and a goliardeys,

And that was moost of synne and harlotries.Wel koude he stelen corn and tollen thries;And yet he hadde a thombe of gold, pardee.

A whit cote and a blew hood wered he.A baggepipe wel koude he blowe and sowne,

And therwithal he broghte us out of towne. L.566• Greet forneys- great

furnace• Janglere- talker• Goliardeys- a buffoon• Harlotries- jests• Tollen- take• Baggepipe- instrument

• Sowne- sound• Therwithal- by playing

the instrument

A gentil maunciple was ther of a temple, L.567Of which achatours myghte take exemple

For to be wise in byynge of vitaille;For wheither that he payde or took by taille,

Algate he wayted so in his achaatThat he was ay biforn and in good staat. L.572

• gentil maunciple- pleasant butler• Achatours- buyers• Vitaille- provisions• Taille- credit• Algate- in every way• Wayted- careful• Biforn- before hand• Staat- position

•

Now is nat that of God a ful fair grace L.573That swich a lewed mannes wit shal paceThe wisdom of an heep of lerned men?

Of maistres hadde he mo than thries ten,That weren of lawe expert and curious,

Of which ther were a duszeyne in that hous L.578

• Pace- outstrip• Maistres- masters• Curious- clever• Duszeyne- dozen• Hous- temple, college

Worthy to been stywardes of rente and lond L. 579Of any lord that is in engelond,

To make hym lyve by his propre goodIn honour dettelees (but if he were wood),

Or lyve as scarsly as hym list desire;And able for to helpen al a shire

In any caas that myghte falle or happe;And yet this manciple sette hir aller cappe. L.586

• Stywardes- steward, manager• In honour dettelees- with honour, free from debt• Caas- legal case• Falle- befall• Set their cap- befooled them

The reve was a sclendre colerik man. L. 587His berd was shave as ny as ever he kan;

His heer was by his erys ful round yshorn;His top was dokked lyk a preest bifornFul longe were his legges and ful lene,

Ylyk a staf, ther was no calf ysene. L.592• Sclendre- slender• Colerik- ill-tempered• as ny- as closely• Yshorn- cropped• Doked- decorated• Biforn- in front• Lene- thin• calf ysene- flesh was visible• Staf- stick

Wel koude he kepe a gerner and a bynne; L.593Ther was noon auditour koude on him wynne.Wel wiste he by the droghte and by the reyn

The yeldynge of his seed and of his greyn.His lordes sheep, his neet, his dayerye,

His swyn, his hors, his stoor, and his pultrye L.598• Gerner- granary• Bynne- bin• Wiste- knew• Droghte- dryness• Yeldynge- yield• Greyn-grain• Neet- cattle• Dayerye- dairy

• Swyn- pig• Hors-horse• Stoor- store• Pultrye- poultery

Was hoolly in this reves governynge, L. 599And by his covenant yaf the rekenynge,

Syn that his lord was twenty yeer of age.Ther koude no man brynge hym in arrerage.Ther nas baillif, ne hierde, nor oother hyne,

That he ne knew his sleighte and his covyne; L.604• Covenant- contract• Rekenynge- account• Syn that- since• Arrerage- arrears, debt• Hierde- herdsman• Hyne- a farm servant• Covyne- deceit

They were adrad of hym as of the deeth. L.605His wonyng was ful faire upon an heeth;

With grene trees yshadwed was his place.He koude bettre than his lord purchace.

Ful riche he was astored pryvely:His lord wel koude he plesen subtilly, L.610

• Adrad- afraid• The deeth- the black death• Wonyng- dwelling

To yeve and lene hym of his owene good, L.611And have a thank, and yet a cote and hood.In youthe he hadde lerned a good myster;He was a wel good wrighte, a carpenter.

This reve sat upon a ful good stot,That was al pomely grey and highte scot. L.616

• Myster- craft, skill• Wrighte- workman• Stot- a cob• Scot- horse name

A long surcote of pers upon he hade, L.617And by his syde he baar a rusty blade.

Of northfolk was this reve of which I telle,Biside a toun men clepen baldeswelle.

Tukked he was as is a frere aboute,And evere he rood the hyndreste of oure route. L. 622 • Pers- blue• Surcote- upper coat• Baldeswelle- Bawdswell• Clepen- called

RECAP OF LECTURE

• The Shipman• The Doctor of Physics• The Wife of Bath• The Parson• The Ploughman • The Miller• The Manciple• The Reeve