pluralist model of public policy
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Pluralist model of public policy. Think tanks. Interest groups. Pre-election party policy. Post election government policy. Public policy. Civil servants. Public opinion. Lobbyists. Pluralist model of public policy. Interest groups. Pre-election party policy. Post election - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Pluralist model of public policy
Pre-electionparty policy
Think tanks
Public opinion
Interest groups
Lobbyists
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Pluralist model of public policy
Pre-electionparty policy
Public oinion
Interest groups
Lobbyists
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Pluralist model of public policy
Pre-electionparty policy
Interest groups
Lobbyists
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Pluralist model of public policy
Pre-electionparty policy
Interest groups
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Pluralist model of public policy
Pre-electionparty policy
Interest groups
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Pluralist model of public policy
Interest groups
Post electiongovernment policy Public policy
Civil servants
Traditional model of executive power
Prime minister (directs overall policy)
Cabinet (directs individual departmental policy)
Civil service (implements policy)
The Core Executive(Taken from Peter Dorey, Policy Making in Britain, Figure 3.1, p. 50)
Core executive relations1. Actors possess resources legal constitutional political hierarchical technical informational
2. Bargaining between actors involves exchange of resources
3. Power is based on dependency – no one can act without support from other actors
4. Structural and institutional constraints apply to actors
5. Dependency varies with circumstances
Further reading: M. J. Smith, The Core Executive in Britain (Palgrave, 1999),
ch. 4
Interest groups and policy networks
Origin of policy network theory:
‘Iron triangles’ of US policy making – 1960s Based on resource exchange Dependencies between actors Degree of dependence of each actor can
vary with circumstances
Policy communities & issue networks (1)(D. Marsh and R A W Rhodes, ‘Policy networks in British politics’, in Marsh and
Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)
Policy community:
Limited number of participants Close links between members based on
resource exchange Shared values Balanced power between members
e.g. NFU/Ministry of Agriculture
Policy communities & issue networks (2)(D. Marsh and R A W Rhodes, ‘Policy networks in British politics’, in Marsh and
Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)
Issue network:
Large number of participants Diverse values Based on consultation, not resource exchange Unequal power
e.g. fox hunting
Criticism of network theory
Problem of identifying actors Descriptive, not analytic Artificial patterns? (e.g., is the NFU-Ministry of Agriculture relationship really
comparable to the relationship between the pro- and anti-fox-hunting lobbies?)