please come! receive 1 hour lab experience credit here, thursday bring 2 #2 pencils
Post on 20-Dec-2015
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PLEASE COME!PLEASE COME!
Receive 1 Hour Lab Receive 1 Hour Lab Experience CreditExperience Credit
HERE, ThursdayHERE, ThursdayBring 2 #2 Pencils Bring 2 #2 Pencils
Psychology 150 Psychology 150 Introduction to PsychologyIntroduction to Psychology
Lecture 09 - 09/19/01• Finishing Perception – 2D 3D• Attention?
Sample Problem:Sample Problem:Depth PerceptionDepth Perception
Retina is a 2-D surface - How do you perceive depth?
Two types of cues…
Binocular CuesBinocular Cues
Binocular Disparity.– The less the disparity, the greater the
distance.– Sufficient for Depth Perception (stereopsis)
Eye Convergence
Monocular Cues to DepthMonocular Cues to Depth
Motion ParallaxOcclusionRelative Image SizeTexture Gradients & Linear Perspective
Monocular Cues to DepthMonocular Cues to Depth
Motion ParallaxOcclusionRelative Image SizeLinear PerspectiveTexture GradientsPosition Relative to Horizon
Problem: Problem: Perceptual ConstancyPerceptual Constancy
Our perception that properties of objects remain constant even when the conditions of stimulation are changed.
Example: Color Constancy– Is color perception solely a function of
wavelength?
Top-Down Effect on Early Top-Down Effect on Early Perceptual ProcessingPerceptual Processing
Steven Palmer (1975)Theory:
Even Early Perceptual Processes are dependent upon the current cognitive state of the perceiver...
Palmer’s ExperimentPalmer’s Experiment
Subjects: HumansTask: Look at Object 1, and then identify
a briefly flashed object (Object 2)
Palmer’s ExperimentPalmer’s Experiment
Manipulation: Conceptual Relationship between Object 1 and Object 2 (consistent or inconsistent).
Palmer cont...Palmer cont...
Measure: Percent Correct IdentificationPrediction: Consistent relationship
between object 1 and object 2 will increase perceptual identification.
Results...
Palmer, 1975
020406080
100
Consistent Inconsistent
Relationship between Objects
Per
cen
t C
orr
ect
Iden
tifi
cati
on
Summing Up PerceptionSumming Up PerceptionGoal: Stable representation of reality.Problem: Need to transduce “incomplete”
incoming stimulus energy and “construct” a percept.
Not a one-to-one relationship between stimulus and perception.
Behavioral study can guide neuroscience.Construction Project = Unconscious
Inference.
&$%#* Brain Again&$%#* Brain Again
Nice device and all, but… – Finite!– Distracting Stimuli.
Attention: A mechanism for selection.Attention is a hypothetical construct.
Dropping RocksDropping Rocks
How do you demonstrate the properties of gravity?
We need a dropping rock for cognition!
Frog LegsFrog Legs
Helmholtz - Does nerve conduction take time?
If nerve conduction takes time….Reaction Time: The elapsed time between
the onset of a stimulus and the subject’s response.