plastic waste management - centre for science and environment
TRANSCRIPT
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AAETIAnil Agarwal Environment Training Institute
Status of Plastic Waste ManagementDinesh R Bandela
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Know YOUR PLASTICS
AAETI
?
Class Exercise 1
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AAETI
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Type of Plastic Code Usage in % General Usage
PET 8.66 Fruit juices and soft drink bottles
HDPE 66.91
Shampoo containers and milk bottles
LDPE Garbage bins and bags
PVC 4.14 Juice or squeeze bottles, pipes
PP 9.9 Microwave dishes, ice cream tubs, bottle caps
PS 4.77 Foam packaging, teacups
Others 6.43 Eyeglasses lenses, touch screens
Source: Assessment and Characterization of Plastic waste generation in 60 major cities: CPCB
AAETI Classification of plastics
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AAETI
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AAETI
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AAETI
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AAETI
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AAETI The plastic menace
• India consumes 16.5 million tonnes of plastic annually, expected to increase to 20 MT by 2020. (FICCI, 2017)– Of this, 43% is plastic manufactured for
single-use packaging material
• No clear quantification of actual plastic waste generated– CPCB in 2017 estimated 25,940 TPD as
the plastic waste generation
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• Humans consumes plastic equivalent to weight of one credit card per year
• Are we ready to consume 5 by year 2050?
AAETI Global plastic production (in million tonnes)
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AAETI Another false sense of security• Recycling percentage of PET is above 90
• Recycling of LDPD is effected by Economies of scale
• Recycling of PVC is prone to high carbon emissions
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It’s raining plasticsAAETI
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AAETI Microplastics: Not a micro problem
• Microplastics were identified in more than 90% of rainwater samples taken from across Colorado, including at more than 3,000 metres high in Rocky Mountain National Park (According to new research from the US Geological Survey)
• In June 2019, the study of 13 UK rivers by Greenpeace revealed they all had microplastics in them
• More than four-fifths of the polymers found by Greenpeace were polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene, which are used to make products such as food packaging, milk and water bottles and carrier bags
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Single Use Plastics 7.1 million tonnes of plastic annually is discarded in few minutes after use
AAETI
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AAETI Plastic waste management rules, 2016
• Notified in 2016 and later amended in 2018• Provided an escape route for producers to use Multi layered packaging (major
polluter of oceans, as per an independent research by Break free from Plastic)• 25 states have banned the use of plastic carry bags and states like Kerala,
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, HP, Karnataka have banned a few single use plastic products
• Implementation of EPR a challenge with no guidelines and targets• Issue of non-compliance from states in submitting data
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The loose Knots
Definition of single use plastic
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Noncompliance of state pollution control
boards
Ban of plastic imports Poor segregation percentage
Informal recycling sector
AAETI
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AAETI Plastics and climate change
• India operates 3159 dumpsites as on date
• Anaerobic conditions in dumpsites due to mixed waste forms landfill gases i.e. CO2 and CH4
• Methane generated at dumpsites contributes approximately 3-4 per cent to the annual global greenhouse gas emissions
• Dumpsites are second largest source of methane emission
• If the plastics industry were a country it’d be the fourth largest CO2 emitter behind China, U.S., and India
• Industry resulted in emissions amounting to 1.7 billion metric tonnes of CO2 in 2015, by 2050 CO2 emissions could reach 6.5 billion tonnes
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AAETI Minimization Practices
• Responsible purchase behavior• Buy products with recycled content• Green Protocol (Kerala)
– Plastic free offices– Green marriages
• Calculate your plastic footprint • Charge on carry bags• https://www.omnicalculator.com/ecology/plastic-footprint
• Tesco to stop plastic wrapping on tinned food multipacks
• 100% rPET water bottles (Evina) by Danone
• Packaging goals by polluters– 100% recyclable, compostable or
biodegradable packaging– Increase recycled plastic content
CONSUMPTION PRODUCTION
Reuse Design for Reuse
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Journey of plastics towards end of life
• The foremost problem with the value chain of plastics is indiscriminate littering
• Plastics that can be recycled, ends in water bodies and landfill due to contamination and littering
• There is NO ALTERNATIVE to segregation• Bio Plastics (both Bio-degradable and
Compostable) require a controlled environment to close the loop
AAETI
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Class Exercise 2
What did you use today?
What did you flush?
What is in your blue?
Had your plastic meal?
Oh..! Is that plastic?