Plasma Physics:

Fundamentals

and Applications

Dr. Sergey Korenev

1

• Introduction to Plasma Physics.

• Fundamental aspects of Plasma Physics.

• Methods and equipment for plasma forming.

• Applications of atmospheric plasma.

• Applications of vacuum plasma.

• Conclusion.

Content

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3

Examples

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1. Nature of plasma.

2. Fundamental properties.

3. Types of plasma.

Fundamental questions

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6

Plasma is 4th state of matter and

consists from mix of ions,

electrons, atoms, molecules.

Plasma Components

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1. Ionized gas. More understanding.

2. Ionized solid state (Example: ionized

semiconductors ( Fast ionized dinistors)).

3. Ionized liquid (Example: breakdown of water or

oil).

4. Dust plasma.

5. Cluster plasma (Example: evaporated plasma in

electron source).

Types of Plasma

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1. Density Ne – number of electrons in volume, 1/cm3.

2. Temperature T, [eV]. 1 eV = 11606 K ~ 104K.

eU[J] eU[eV] kT[J] T[eV]

3. Langmuir frequency- plasma frequency:

Main parameters of plasma

kTmv

Ue 2

3

2

2

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1. Methods and devices for forming of

plasma.

2. Applications of plasma in science,

technology and industry.

Main directions

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It is very complicated area:

1. Fundamental knowledge and

understanding of plasma physics.

2. Knowledge and experience in electrical

engineering.

Methods and devices for forming of plasma

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1. Forming of volume plasma. 2. Forming of large cross section plasma

Main tasks

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1. Passive generation of plasma: Thermal ionization and chemical processes. 2. Active generation of plasma: Ionization of atoms & molecules by external active energy source.

Passive and active generation of plasma

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General structure of active

plasma source

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Gas plasma

Ionization

Excitation

Dissociation

Electrical field

Electrons

External particles,

protons, muons,

ions, X-rays, UV,

Laser

GAS PLASMA

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Atmosphere plasma – generation of plasma for pressure 760 Torr.

Hard conditions: variation of temperature, humanity.

The types of plasma:

1. Pulsed plasma.

2. DC

3. AC, RF MW plasma

Atmosphere plasma

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Atmosphere plasma

1. Corona discharge.

2. Barrier Dielectric Discharge

3. Arc.

4. Pulsed discharge.

5. Gliding discharge.

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C L

SWITCHES

CHARGE POWER SUPPLY

PLASMA

Types of pulsed plasma

generators

HIGH VOLTAGE POWER

SUPPLY

SWITCH

HVD

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

C

R

PLATE ELECTRODE

PIN ELECTRODE

Rcur

SCOPE

C L

SWITCH

CHARGE POWER SUPPLY

METAL PLATEDIELECTRIC

METAL ELECTRODE

METAL GRID

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Atmosphere pressure

plasma generator

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1. Nanosecond generator with high repetition. 2. Picosecond generators with high repetition..

Pulsed High Voltage

Generators

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1. Induction energy storage. 2. Capacitor energy storage. 3. Combined capacitor-induction energy storages.

Pulsed High Voltage

Generators

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1. Novel switches based on open semiconductors. 2. Hydrogen Thyrotrons.

Pulsed High Voltage Generators

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Main reason of increasing pressure is increasing of electrical insulation.

Gas sparks for high voltage and pulsed power equipment.

Different gases: N2, SF6, N2+CO.

High Pressure gas plasma

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Ionization gas by charged particles

is effective method for generation

of volume plasma.

Ionization of gas by

charged particles

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1. Forming of plasma for glow discharge .

2. Forming of clusters high energy plasma

for technical vacuum.

3. Forming of magnetron discharge.

Vacuum plasma

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Applications of atmospheric

and vacuum plasma

Applications of plasma

in Industry

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Atmospheric plasma

Pressurized

plasma

Large cross

sectionState between

liquid and gas

Materials

science &

technology

Plasma

chemistry

Pulsed power

technologies

Positive Problem

High voltage

engineering

Instrumentation

& diagnostics

Environmental

applications

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Vacuum plasma

Vacuum plasmaLarge cross

section

High purity

matter

Materials

science &

technology

New state

of matter

Generation

of beams

Microwave

and pulsed

power

technologies

Positive Problem

Clusters and

fractal

technologies

Instrumentation

& diagnostics

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The plasma physics is

interesting and opened field of

Physics for new discoveries.

.

Conclusion

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