PLANT SYMBIOTIC RELATIONS

ZUHHA TAQDEESROLL NO: 2512SUBMITTED TO: MISS MOUNEEZA

SYMBIOSIS

Interaction between two different organisms living in close physical

association, typically to the advantage of both.

SYMBIOTIC PLANTS

Mutually beneficial relationship

without any negative benefits

For example: Bryophytes

TYPES OF SYMBIOSIS

MUTUALISM

COMMENSALISM

PARASITISM

MUTUALISM

Both organisms benefit in some way

COMMENSALISM

One organism benefits, while the other derives no harm, but no benefits.

PARASITISM

One organism benefits,while the other is harmed

PLANT SYMBIOTIC RELATIONS IN SOIL

With soil

With bacteria

With fungi

With animals

REALTION WITH SOIL

Soil provides mineral and water

Plant helps soil formation and development.

RHIZOBIUM AND LEGUME PLANT

Bacteria lives in root cells of legumes(peas, beans, alfalfa)

Form nodules Nitrogen fixation for plant Safe place for bacteria to reproduce Legume attract bacteria by excreting

compounds

RHIZOBIUM ETLI nodulates both alfalfa and beans

R. GALLICUM

nodulates beans

MYCORRHIZAE

Mutualism between plant and fungi.

95% of world’s plants form mycorrhizal relationships with fungi.

Plant won’t survive without them.

Fungus receives product of photosynthesis.

Provides phosphorus and nitrogen.

TYPES OF MYCORRIZHAE

Two types of mycorrizhae

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Ectomycorrhizae

ARBUSCULAR MYCORRIZHAE

Most common and widespread

Fungus penetrate inside the cell

Form branched shrubby structure ARBUSCULE

Members of phylum GLOMEROMYCOTA

ECTOMYCORRIZHAE

Not widespread

Fungus don’t penetrate in root cells

Nutrient exchange through cell membrane and fungal and plant cell wall

Members of class AGARICOMYCOTINA

RELATION WITH SQUIRRELS

Squirrels increase soil fertility

Eats plant attacking organisms e.g snails

They get food

Help increasing trees

Also eat leaves.

QUESTIONS??