plant species of the sperrgebiet (diamond area 1)

79

DINTERIA No. 29:79-109 Windhoek, Namibia – May 2004

Plant species of the Sperrgebiet (Diamond Area 1)

Antje Burke1 & Coleen Mannheimer2

1P.O. Box 90230, Klein Windhoek, Namibia, Tel: +264-61-223739, Fax: +264-61-227906,e-mail: [email protected]

2National Botanical Research Institute of Namibia, P/Bag 13184, Windhoek, Namibia,Tel: +264-61-2022012, email: [email protected]

Abstract

Based on specimen records, published sources and own observations, an updated listof plant species is presented for the Sperrgebiet, the southwestern corner of Namibia.This area is in the transitional zone of winter and summer rainfall in Namibia and aremarkable 1038 species of flowering plants, 13 ferns and 22 mosses and theirrelatives occur. This comprises nearly 25% of the entire flora of vascular plants inNamibia and some 21% of the plant diversity of the Succulent Karoo Biome. Weconclude that the Sperrgebiet is undoubtedly one of Namibia’s prime plant diversityhotspots.

Zusammenfassung

Wir stellen hier eine neue Liste von Pflanzen vor, die im Sperrgebiet, demsüdwestlichen Teil Namibias vorkommen. Diese Liste basiert auf Herbariumbelegen,veröffentlichter Literatur und unseren eigenen Beobachtungen. Eine bemerkenswerteVielfalt von Arten – 1038 Blütenpflanzen, 13 Farne und 22 Moose und verwandteArten – kommen in diesem Übergangsgebiet von Sommer- und Winterregen vor. Dassind beinah 25% der gesamten Flora des Landes und machen das Sperrgebiet damiteindeutig zu einem Diversitätszentrum von Pflanzen in Namibia.

Keywords: Mesembryanthemaceae, Namibia, species diversity, southern Namib,Succulent Karoo Biome

Introduction

The Sperrgebiet (Diamond Area 1) comprises Namibia’s section of the SucculentKaroo Biome (Rutherford 1997), a biodiversity hotspot of global significance (Myerset al. 2000). This northern-most tip of the Succulent Karoo Biome is postulated to bean area rich in plant species in Namibia (Maggs et al. 1998; Craven 2002). However,exactly how many species occur has been a matter of speculation for some time. In

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1997, as part of a stratification of the area into floristic zones, Williamson published aspecies list with some 660 species of vascular plants (ferns and angiosperms).

Recognising the importance of the area, the National Botanical Research Institute ofNamibia, in collaboration with various researchers, has since 1996 embarked onannual collecting trips during the main growing season (July-October), andsystematically covered the area.

Not only has the collecting coverage been vastly improved since the publication ofthe earlier species list, but also many groups of taxa, most notably amongst theMesembryanthemaceae, have since been substantially revised by a number ofworkers (e.g. Klak & Linder 1998; Hartmann 1998; 2002a and 2002b). Building ontoWilliamson’s (1997) work, an updated species list is now badly needed. Recentlythere has also been increasing interest in the area by exploration and miningcompanies on one hand, and conservation intitiatives on the other (e.g. SucculentKaroo Ecosystem Plan 2002). An updated record of the status quo regarding plantdiversity hence provides a crucial baseline.

The aims of this paper are twofold:(1) to present an updated account of plant species diversity in the Sperrgebiet and(2) to provide, as far as possible, a traceable record of the changes since the previous

publication (Williamson 1997).

Methods

Study area

The study area covers the restricted Diamond Area 1 (Sperrgebiet) in south-westernNamibia, an area which is positioned in the winter-summer rain transitional zone inNamibia. The area is arid, with annual mean rainfall ranging between some 20 mmnear the coast to just about 60 mm in the eastern sections. A variety of landscapescomprising coastal dunes, sand plains, mobile dunes, gravel plains and rockyoutcrops, inselbergs (isolated mountains rising above the plains) and mountainsprovide diverse habitats for plants to take a foothold (Burke 2003). Fog is animportant moisture source in the entire area, although its frequency abates along acoast-inland gradient (Olivier 1995). The constantly strong, prevailing southerlywinds are another important climatic variable to be reckoned with.

The vegetation comprises largely low leaf-succulent shrubs, which in most areasreach about 30 cm in height. The stem-succulent Euphorbia gummifera is a dominantspecies in many parts of the area. The eastern sand and gravel plains also supportgrassland (Burke 2003).

Plant species of the Sperrgebiet

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Data preparation

This species list is based on data from the Specimens Database of the NamibianNational Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), the previous published species list(Williamson 1997), selected published literature (for those groups where majorrevisions were available) and own observations by the authors. For the purpose ofthis study the study area was defined based on quarter degree squares and included 41quarter degree squares from 2615CA in the northwest to 2816BB in the southeast.Towards the east, the following quarter degree squares formed the boundary:2615DB, 2616CC, 2716AB, 2716AD, DA and DC. These were included. Weexcluded the northern extension of the Sperrgebiet into the Namib sand sea and thequarter degree square of Aus.

A complete list of all species of vascular plants, ferns, mosses and liverworts wascompiled based on the sources above. We then screened the list for obvious mistakesin the records and database, updated taxonomic changes and used relevant literature(e.g. Van Zyl 2000; Venter 2000; Germishuizen & Meyer 2003) to cross-checkdubious records. However, no comprehensive literature search was undertaken.Species were eliminated from Williamson’s list (1997), if there were (a) nospecimens lodged at PRE (National Herbarium, National Botanical Insitute, Pretoria,South Africa) or WIND (National Herbarium Namibia), (b) the species had not beenobserved by the authors and (c) closest distribution records from the literature andNBRI Specimens Database made it unlikely that this species would occur in the area.The nomenclature largely follows Germishuizen & Meyer (2003), the exceptionbeing where a different practise is followed by the National Herbarium of Namibia(e.g. for Lavrania and Zygophyllum, Aloe dichotoma, Carissa haematocarpa andPelargonium mirabile). These follow Craven (1999) and later taxonomic revisions ofseveral groups (e.g. Van Zyl 2000).

Results and discussion

The following 33 species listed by Williamson (1997) were eliminated, as there wereno geographically close records or herbarium specimens to be found: Acanthopsishoffmannseggiana, Argemone mexicana, Babiana torta, Bergia anagalloides, Bulbinefrutescens, Chaetobromus dregeanus, Chlorophytum calyptrocarpum, Cleomemonophylla, Commelina africana, Crassula atropurpurea var. watermeyeri,Diplachne fusca, Frankenia repens, Galenia hemisphaerica, Galenia sarcophylla,Helichrysum tinctum, Indigastrum burkeana, Kedrostis hirtella, Lachenalia zebrina,Lithops karasmontana, Lycium ferocissimum, Moquinella rubra, Oncosiphonpiluliferum, Ornithogalum nanodes, Ornithogalum toxicarium, Ornithoglossumdinteri, Peliostomum virgatum, Polygala pygmaea, Salsola contrariifolia, Suaedafruticosa, Tetragonia echinata, Tetragonia pillansii, Tetragonia sarcophylla andTribulocarpus dimorphanthus.

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We have also excluded four species that are either of questionable taxonomic status atpresent (Opophytum aquosum) or that may occur in the area, but no voucherspecimens were found (Brownanthus ciliatus subsp. ciliatus, Putterlickia pyracanthaand Tylecodon aridimontanus).

The most common alien species recorded thus far are Argemone ochroleuca, Daturainoxia, Datura stramonium, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Nicotiana glauca, Prosopisspp. and Ricinus communis. There are many more naturalised weedy, alien species, asindicated in Appendix 1. At present the majority of these only occur along the OrangeRiver and near settlements.

In total, 1038 flowering plants, 13 ferns and 22 moss and liverwort species are nowreported to occur in the Sperrgebiet. Compared to the previously recorded 660vascular plants (angiosperms and ferns) this represents 391 new records, which is anearly 60 percent increase from the previous list. Overall, the 1051 species represent24.3 percent of the total flora of vascular plants in Namibia.

This constitutes 21.5 percent of the flowering plant diversity in the entire SucculentKaroo Biome based on Hilton-Taylor’s (1996) estimate of total plant diversity in thisbiome. This is fair portion of the biome’s plant diversity, considering that theSperrgebiet land surface covers approximately 20 % of the Succulent Karoo Biome.

We conclude that the Sperrgebiet is a biodiversity hotspot unrivalled in Namibia, andalso of great importance in the Succulent Karoo region.

Future collecting should particularly focus on taxa of doubtful status, such as thegenus Salsola and geophytes, which are still poorly collected in many areas.

Acknowledgements

We are indebted to staff of the National Botanical Research Institute for theirrelentless efforts to improve collecting coverage in this area, identifying plants andfinally preparing and supplying the dataset from the Specimens Database. TheMinistry of Environment and Tourism provided research permits. John Burke,Trygve Cooper, Patrick Lane and John Mannheimer provided logistic support onmany field trips and Namdeb Diamond Corporation, particularly their Environmentaland Security Departments, assisted with permit applications, transport andaccommodation. We would like to thank them all.

References

BURKE, A. 2003. A habitat management plan for the Sperrgebiet. Draft December2003, Namibian National Biodiversity Programme, Windhoek, 121 pp.


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CRAVEN, P. 1999 (ed). A checklist of Namibian plant species. Southern AfricanBotanical Diversity Network Report No. 7, 204 pp.

CRAVEN, P. 2002. Phytogeography of Namibia: a taxon approach to thespermatophyte flora. M.Sc. thesis, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, 230pp.

GERMISHUIZEN, G. & MEYER, N.L. 2003 (eds.). Plants of southern Africa: anannotated checklist. Strelitzia 14, National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, 1231 pp.

HARTMANN, H.E.K. 1998. New combinations in Ruschioideae, based on studies inRuschia (Aioaceae). Bradleya 16: 44-91.

HARTMANN, H.E.K. 2002a. Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Aizoaceae A-E. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 286 pp.

HARTMANN, H.E.K. 2002b. Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: AizoaceaeF-Z. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 371 pp.

HILTON-TAYLOR, C. 1996. Patterns and characteristics of the flora of theSucculent Karoo Biome, southern Africa. In: Van der Maesen, L.J.E., Van derBurgt, X.M., Van Medenbach de Rooy, J.M. (eds.) The biodiversity of Africanplants, pp. 58-72. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

KLAK, C. & LINDER, H.P. 1998. Systematics of Psilocaulon N.E.Br. andCaulipsolon Klak gen. nov. (Mesembryanthemoideae, Aizoaceae). BotanischesJahrbuch Systematik 120: 301-375.

MAGGS, G.L., CRAVEN, P. & KOLBERG, H.H. 1998. Plant species richness,endemism, and genetic resources in Namibia. Biodiversity and Conservation 7:435-446.

MYERS, N., MITTERMEIER, R.A., MITTERMEIER, C.G., DA FONSECA,G.A.B. & KENT, J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature403: 853-858.

OLIVIER, J. 1995. Spatial distribution of fog in the Namib. Journal of AridEnvironments 29: 129-138.

RUTHERFORD, M.C. 1997. Categorization of biomes. In: Cowling, R.M.,Richardson, D.M. & Pierce, S.M. (eds.) The vegetation of southern Africa, pp. 91-98, Cambridge University Press.

SUCCULENT KAROO ECOSYSTEM PLAN 2002. SKEP technical report.http://cpu.uwc.ac.za.

VAN ZYL, L. 2000. A systematic revision of Zygophyllum (Zygophyllaceae) in thesouthern African Region. Ph.D. thesis, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch.

VENTER, A.M. 2000. Taxonomy of the genus Lycium L. (Solanaceae) in Africa.Ph.D. thesis, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein.

WILLIAMSON, G. 1997. Preliminary account of the Floristic Zones of theSperrgebiet (Protected Diamond Area) in southwest Namibia. Dinteria 25: 1-68.

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Appendix 1. Plant species recorded in the Sperrgebiet (* = alien). The species areorganised phylogenetically according to the main phyla, subphyla and classes. Withinthese, families and species are organised alphabetically.

Bryophyta and Hepatophyta (mosses and liverworts)

AytoniaceaePlagiochasma rupestre (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Steph. var. rupestre

BryaceaeBryum argenteum Hedw.

FabroniaceaeIschyrodon lepturus (Taylor) Schelpe

FissidentaceaeFissidens rufescens Hornsch.

FunariaceaeFunaria sp.Goniomitrium africanum (Müll. Hal.) Broth.

GigaspermaceaeChamaebryum pottioides Thér. & Dixon

GrimmiaceaeGrimmia laevigata (Brid.) Brid.Grimmia pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm.Leucoperichaetium eremophilum Magill

OrthotrichaceaeOrthotrichum diaphanum (Schrad. ex Brid.) Lindb.

PottiaceaeBarbula sp.Crossidium spiralifolium MagillPseudocrossidium crinitum (Schultz) R.H. ZanderSyntrichia chisosa (Magill, Delgad. & L.R. Stark) R.H. ZanderSyntrichia papillosa (Wilson) Jur.Tortula atrovirens (Sm.) Lindb.Tortula muralis Hedw.Trichostomum brachydontium Bruch.Weissia latiuscula Müll. Hal.

RicciaceaeRiccia argenteolimbata O.H. Volk & PeroldRiccia cavernosa Hoffm. emend. Raddi


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Pteridophyta (ferns)

AspleniaceaeAsplenium cordatum (Thunb.) Sw.

AzollaceaeAzolla filiculoides Lam.*

EquisetaceaeEquisetum ramosissimum Desf. subsp. ramosissimum

OphioglossaceaeOphioglossum polyphyllum A.Braun

PteridaceaeCheilanthes capensis (Thunb.) Sw.Cheilanthes deltoidea KunzeCheilanthes hastata (L.f.) KunzeCheilanthes hirta Sw.Cheilanthes kunzei Mett.Cheilanthes namaquensis (Baker) Schelpe & N.C.AnthonyCheilanthes rawsonii (Pappe) Mett. ex KuhnCheilanthes robusta (Kunze) R.M. TyronPellaea calomelanos (Sw.) Link var.calomelanos

SpermatophytaAngiospermae (flowering plants)Monocotyledonae

AmaryllidaceaeAmmocharis coranica (Ker Gawl.) Herb.Ammocharis longifolia (L.) M. Roem.Boophone disticha (L.f.) Herb.Gethyllis namaquensis (Schönland) Oberm.Haemanthus coccineus L.Haemanthus namaquensis R.A.DyerHessea speciosa SnijmanNamaquanula bruce-bayeri D. Müll.-Doblies & U. Müll.-DobliesStrumaria bidentata SchinzStrumaria phonolithica Dinter

AnthericaeaeChlorophytum rangei (Engl. & K.Krause) NordalChlorophytum viscosum Kunth

AsparagaceaeAsparagus asparagoides (L.) DruceAsparagus capensis L. var. capensisAsparagus denudatus (Kunth) BakerAsparagus exuvialis Burch. forma exuvialis

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Asparagus juniperoides Engl.Asparagus pearsonii KiesAsparagus retrofractus L.Asparagus undulatus (L.f.) Thunb.

AsphodelaceaeAloe dichotoma MassonAloe erinacea HardyAloe gariepensis PillansAloe microstigma Salm-Dyck subsp. microstigmaAloe pachygaster DinterAloe pearsonii SchönlandAloe pillansii L.GuthrieAloe ramosissima PillansAloe striata Haw. subsp. karasbergensis (Pillans) Glen & D.S. HardyAloe variegata L.Bulbine caput-medusae G. Will.Bulbine francescae G.Will.& BaijnathBulbine longifolia SchinzBulbine namaensis SchinzBulbine praemorsa (Jacq.) Spreng.Bulbine rhopalophylla DinterGasteria pillansii Kensit var. ernesti-ruschii (Dinter & Poelln.) Van Jaarsv.Haworthia venosa (Lam.) Haw. subsp. tesselata (Hax.) M.B.BayerTrachyandra bulbinifolia (Dinter) Oberm.Trachyandra ciliata (L.f.) KunthTrachyandra falcata (L.f.) KunthTrachyandra lanata (Dinter) Oberm.Trachyandra laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. laxaTrachyandra muricata (L.f.) Kunth

ColchicaceaeAndrocymbium exiguum Roessler subsp. exiguumAndrocymbium circinatum BakerHexacyrtis dickiana DinterOrnithoglossum parviflorum B.Nord. var. parviflorumOrnithoglossum undulatum SweetOrnithoglossum vulgare B.Nord.

CyperaceaeBolboschoenus maritimus (L.) PallaCyperus laevigatus L.Cyperus marginatus Thunb.Schoenoplectus scirpoideus (Schrad.) J.BrowningScirpoides dioecus (Kunth) J. Browning

EriospermaceaeEriospermum buchubergense DinterEriospermum halenbergense DinterEriospermum namaquanum P.L.Perry


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HyacinthaceaeAlbuca exuviata BakerAlbuca maxima Burm.f.Albuca namaquensis BakerAlbuca setosa Jacq.Albuca viscosa L.f.Dipcadi brevifolium (Thunb.) Fourc.Dipcadi crispum BakerDipcadi gracillimum BakerDipcadi spirale BakerDrimea physodes (Jacq.) JessopLachenalia buchubergensis DinterLachenalia giessii W.F.BarkerLachenalia klinghardtiana DinterLachenalia namibiensis W.F.BarkerLachenalia nordenstamii W.F.BarkerLachenalia pearsonii (P.E.Glover) W.F.BarkerMassonia sessiliflora (Dinter) U. Müll.-Doblies & D. Müll.-DobliesNeopatersonia falcata G.J.LewisOrnithogalum geniculatum Oberm.Ornithogalum glandulosum Oberm.Ornithogalum hispidum Hornem. subsp. hispidumOrnithogalum flexuosum (Thunb.) U. Müll.-Doblies & D. Müll.-DobliesOrnithogalum prasinum Lindl.Ornithogalum puberulum Oberm.Ornithogalum stapffii SchinzOrnithogalum suaveolens Jaqc.Ornithogalum tubiforme (Oberm.) Oberm.Ornithogalum unifolium Retz var. unifoliumDrimia namibensis (Oberm.) J.C.Manning & GoldblattDrimia secunda (B. Nord.) J.C.Manning & GoldblattDrimia intricata (Baker) J.C.Manning & GoldblattDrimia filifolia (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & GoldblattDrimia multifolia (G.J.Lewis) JessopWhiteheadia biflora (Jacq.) BakerWhiteheadia etesionamibensis U. Müll.-Doblies & D. Müll.-Doblies

HypocidaceaeSpiloxene scullyi (Baker) Garside

IridaceaeBabiana falcata G.J.LewisBabiana longicollis DinterBabiana namaquensis BakerFerraria divaricata Sweet subsp. divaricataFerraria schaeferi DinterFreesia viridis (Aiton) Goldblatt & J.C.ManningGladiolus orchidiflorus AndrewsGladiolus saccatus (Klatt) Goldblatt & M.P.De VossLapeirousia barklyi Baker

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Lapeirousia dolomitica Dinter subsp. dolomiticaMelasphaerula ramosa (L.) N.E.Br.Moraea namibensis GoldblattMoraea rigidifolia GoldblattXenoscapa fistulosa (Spreng. ex Klatt) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

JuncaceaeJuncus rigidus Desf.

JuncaginaceaeTriglochin striata Ruiz & Pav.

NajadaceaeNajas marina L. subsp. armata (Lindb.f.) H.Horn

OrchidaceaeHolothrix filicornis Immelman & Schelpe

PoaceaeAristida adscensionis L.Aristida engleri Mez var. engleriAristida engleri Mez var. ramossisima De WinterAristida parvula (Nees) De WinterBromus catharticus Vahl *Bromus rubens L. *Cenchrus ciliaris L.Centropodia glauca (Nees) CopeChaetobromus involucratus (Schrad.) Nees subsp. sericeus (Nees) VerboomCladoraphis cyperoides (Thunb.) S.M.PhillipsCladoraphis spinosa (L.f.) S.M.PhillipsCynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.Dregeochloa pumila (Nees) ConertEhrharta calycina Sm.Ehrharta delicatula (Nees) StapfEhrharta longiflora Sm.Ehrharta pusilla Nees ex Trin.Ehrharta thunbergii Gibbs Russ.Ehrharta triandra Nees ex Trin.Enneapogon cenchroides (Roem. & Schult.) C.E.Hubb.Enneapogon desvauxii P. Beauv.Enneapogon scaber Lehm.Eragrostis brizantha NeesEragrostis kingesii De WinterEragrostis rotifer RendleFingerhuthia africana Lehm.Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.Karrochloa schismoides (Stapf ex Conert) Conert & TuerpeLeucophrys mesocoma (Nees) RendleMerxmuellera rangei (Pilg.) ConertOdyssea paucinervis (Nees) StapfPennisetum foermeranum LeekePentaschistis airoides (Nees) Stapf subsp. airoides


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Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud.Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.Polypogon viridis (Gouan.) Breistr. *Schismus barbatus (Loefl. ex L.) Thell.Schmidtia kalahariensis StentSpartina maritima (Curtis) FernaldSporobolus virginicus (L.) KunthStipagrostis anomala De WinterStipagrostis ciliata (Desf.) De Winter var. capensis (Trin.& Rupr.) De WinterStipagrostis dregeana NeesStipagrostis fastigiata (Hack.) De WinterStipagrostis garubensis (Pilg.) De WinterStipagrostis geminifolia NeesStipagrostis gonostachys (Pilg.) De WinterStipagrostis hermannii (Mez) De WinterStipagrostis hirtigluma (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter subsp. patula (Hack.) De WinterStipagrostis lanipes (Mez) De WinterStipagrostis lutescens (Nees) De Winter var. lutescensStipagrostis lutescens (Nees) De Winter var. marlothii (Hack.) De WinterStipagrostis namaquensis (Nees) De WinterStipagrostis obtusa (Delile) NeesStipagrostis sabulicola (Pilg.) De WinterStipagrostis schaeferi (Mez) De WinterStipagrostis subacaulis (Nees) De WinterTriraphis pumilio R.Br.

PotamogetonaceaePotamogeton pectinatus L.

RuppiaceaeRuppia cirrhosa (Petagna) GrandeRuppia maritima L.

TecophilaceaeCyanella ramosissima (Engl. & K. Krause) Engl. & K. Krause

Dicotyledonae

AcanthaceaeAcanthopsis disperma NeesBarleria rigida NeesBlepharis furcata (L.f.) Pers.Blepharis mitrata C.B.ClarkeBlepharis spinifex Merxm.Justicia cuneata Vahl subsp. hoerleiniana (P.G.Mey.) ImmelmanMonechma cleomoides (S. Moore) C.B.ClarkeMonechma crassiusculum P.G.Mey.Monechma desertorum (Engl.) C.B. ClarkeMonechma distichotrichum (Lindau) P.G.Mey.Monechma incanum (Nees) C.B.ClarkeMonechma leucoderme (Schinz) C.B.ClarkeMonechma mollissimum (Nees) P.G.Mey.

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AizoaceaeAizoon schellenbergii AdamsonGalenia africana L.Galenia crystallina (Eckl.& Zeyh.) Fenzl var. crystallinaGalenia dregeana Fenzl ex Sond.Galenia fruticosa (L.f.) Sond.Galenia meziana K. Müll.Galenia papulosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond.Galenia pruinosa Sond.Galenia secunda (L.f.) Sond.Plinthus karooicus I. Verd.Sesuvium sesuvioides (Fenzl) I. Verd.Tetragonia arbuscula FenzlTetragonia calycina FenzlTetragonia decumbens Mill.Tetragonia microptera FenzlTetragonia reduplicata Welw. ex Oliv.Tetragonia schenkii (Schinz) Engl.Tetragonia verrucosa FenzlTrianthema parvifolia E.Mey. ex Sond. var. parvifoliaTrianthema triquetra Rottler ex Willd. subsp. triquetra var. triquetra

AmaranthaceaeAmaranthus thunbergii Moq.Calicorema capitata (Moq.) Hook.f.Calicorema squarrosa (Schinz) SchinzHermbstaedtia glauca (J.C. Wendl.) Rchb. ex Steud.Sericocoma avolans FenzlSericocoma heterochiton Lopr.

AnacardiaceaeOzoroa concolor (C. Presl. ex Sond.) De WinterOzoroa crassinervia (Engl.) R.Fern.& A.Fern.Ozoroa dispar (C. Presl.) R.Fern.& A.Fern.Rhus burchellii Sond.ex Engl.Rhus lancea L.f.Rhus pendulina Jacq.Rhus populifolia E.Mey. ex Sond.Rhus problematodes Merxm. & RoesslerRhus undulata Jacq.Schinus molle L.*

ApiaceaeDeverra denudata (Viv.) Pfisterer & Podlech subsp. aphylla (Cham. & Schltd.) Pfisterer& PodlechMarlothiella gummifera H.WolffPeucedanum upingtoniae (Schinz) DrudePolemanniopsis sp. nov.

ApocynaceaeCarissa haematocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC.


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Cynanchum meyeri (Decne) Schltr.Ectadium latifolium (Schinz) N.E.Br.Ectadium virgatum E. Mey.Gomphocarpus filiformis (E.Mey.) D.Dietr.Gomphocarpus fruticosus (L.) Aiton f.Hoodia alstonii (N.E.Br.) PlowesHoodia gordonii (Masson) Sweet ex DecneHoodia officinalis (N.E.Br.) Plowes subsp. delaetiana (Dinter) BruynsHuernia namaquensis PillansLarryleachia marlothii (N.E.Br.) PlowesLarryleachia perlata (Dinter) PlowesLarryleachia picta (N.E.Br.) PlowesMicroloma armatum (Thunb.) Schltr. var. armatumMicroloma calycinum E. Mey.Microloma incanum DecneMicroloma penicillatum Schltr.Orthanthera albida SchinzPachypodium namaquanum (Wyley ex Harv.) Welw.Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Choiv. var. leiocarpa (K.Schum.) H.HuberPiaranthus decorus (Masson) N.E.Br. subsp. cornutus (N.E.Br.) MeveQuaqua acutiloba (N.E.Br.) BruynsQuaqua incarnata (L.f.) Bruyns subsp. hottentotorum (N.E.Br.) BruynsQuaqua mammillaris (L.) BruynsRhyssolobium dumosum E.Mey.Sarcostemma viminale (L.) R.Br. subsp. viminaleStapelia gariepensis PillansStapelia similis N.E.Br.Stapeliopsis neronis PillansTridentea jucunda (N.E.Br.) L.C.LeachTridentea pachyrrhiza (Dinter) L.C.LeachTromotriche aperta (Masson) BruynsTromotriche longipes (C.A.Lückh.) BruynsTromotriche ruschiana (Dinter) Bruyns

AsteraceaeAmellus flosculosus DC.Amellus nanus DC.Amphiglossa thuja (Merxm.) KoekemoerAmphiglossa tomentosa (Thunb.) Harv.Arctotis fastuosa Jacq.Arctotis frutescens Norl.Berkheya canescens DC.Berkheya chamaepeuce (S.Moore) RoesslerBerkheya ferox O.Hoffm.Berkheya schinzii O.Hoffm.Berkheya spinosissima (Thunb.) Willd. subsp. spinosissimaChrysanthemoides incana (Burm.f.) Norl.Chrysocoma ciliata L.Chrysocoma puberula Merxm.Conyza scabrida DC.Cotula anthemoides L.Cotula coronopifolia L.

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Cotula tenella E.Mey. ex DC.Dicoma capensis Less.Dicoma nachtigallii O.Hoffm.Didelta carnosa (L.f.) Aiton var. carnosaDidelta carnosa (L.f.) Aiton var. tomentosa (Less.) RoesslerDidelta spinosa (L.f.) AitonDimorphotheca pluvialis (L.) MoenchDimorphotheca polyptera DC.Dimorphotheca sinuata DC.Eremothamnus marlothianus O.Hoffm.Eriocephalus ambiguus (DC.) M.A.N. MüllerEriocephalus dinteri S.MooreEriocephalus ericoides (L.f.) Druce subsp. ericoidesEriocephalus giessii M.A.N.MüllerEriocephalus kingesii Merxm. & EberleEriocephalus klinghardtensis M.A.N. MüllerEriocephalus merxmuelleri M.A.N. MüllerEriocephalus pauperrimus Merxm. & EberleEriocephalus scariosus DC.Euryops lateriflorus (L.f.) DC.Euryops mucosus B.Nord.Euryops multifidus (Thunb.) DC.Euryops namaquensis Schltr.Euryops namibensis (Merxm.) B.Nord.Euryops subcarnosus DC subsp. subcarnosusFelicia filifolia (Vent.) Burtt Davy subsp. schaeferi (Dinter) GrauFelicia hirsuta DC.Felicia microsperma DC.Felicia namaquana (Harv.) Merxm.Foveolina dichotoma (DC.) KallersjöGaruleum schinzii O.Hoffm. subsp. schinziiGazania jurineifolia DC. subsp. scabra (DC.) RoesslerGazania lichtensteinii Less.Gazania schenckii O.Hoffm.Gazania tenuifolia Less.Geigeria vigintisquamea O.Hoffm.Gnaphalium confine Harv.Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers.*Gorteria corymbosa DC.Gorteria diffusa Thunb. subsp. parviligulata RoesslerHelichrysum alsinoides DC.Helichrysum argyrosphaerum DC.Helichrysum gariepinum DC.Helichrysum leontonyx DC.Helichrysum micropoides DC.Helichrysum obtusum (S. Moore) MoeserHelichrysum revolutum (Thunb.) Less.Helichrysum tomentosulum (Klatt) Merxm. subsp. tomentosulumHirpicium echinus Less.Ifloga molluginoides (DC.) HilliardKleinia cephalophora ComptonKleinia longiflora DC.


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Laggera decurrens (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I.WoodLasiopogon glomerulatus (Harv.) HilliardLasiopogon micropoides DC.Lasiopogon ponticulus HilliardLasiopogon volkii (B.Nord.) HilliardLasiospermum brachyglossum DC.Leysera tenella DC.Litogyne gariepina (DC.) Anderb.Lopholaena cneorifolia (DC.) S.MooreMyxopappus acutilobus (DC.) KällersjöNidorella resedifolia DC. subsp. resedifoliaNolletia gariepina (DC.) Mattf.Oncosiphon grandiflorum (Thunb.) KällersjöOncosiphon suffruticosum (L.) KällersjöOsteospermum armatum Norl.Osteospermum karooium (Bolus) Norl.Osteospermum pinnatum (Thunb.) Norl.Osteospermum spinescens Thunb.Othonna arbuscula (Thunb.) Sch.Bip.Othonna clavifolia MarlothOthonna cylindrica (Lam.) DC.Othonna filicaulis Jacq.Othonna furcata (Lindl.) DruceOthonna graveolens O.Hoffm.Othonna lasiocarpa (DC.) Sch.Bip.Othonna opima Merxm.Othonna protecta DinterOthonna sedifolia DC.Othonna sparsiflora (S.Moore) B.Nord.Pegolettia gariepina Anderb.Pegolettia oxyodonta DC.Pegolettia plumosa M.D.Hend.Pegolettia retrofracta (Thunb.) KiesPentatrichia petrosa KlattPentzia incana (Thunb.) KuntzePentzia monocephala S.MoorePentzia pinnatisecta Hutch.Pentzia spinescens Less.Pseudognaphalium luteo-album (L.) Hilliard & B.L.BurttPteronia acuta Muschl.Pteronia anisata B.Nord.Pteronia ciliata Thunb.Pteronia cylindracea DC.Pteronia divaricata (P.J.Bergius) LessPteronia glabrata L.fPteronia glauca Thunb.Pteronia lucilioides DC.Pteronia mucronata DC.Pteronia onobromoides DC.Pteronia paniculata Thunb.Pteronia pomonae Merxm.Pteronia rangei Muschl.

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Pteronia spinulosa E.PhillipsPteronia unguiculata S.MoorePulicaria scabra (Thunb.) DruceSenecio acaulis (L.f.) Sch.Bip.Senecio aloides DC.Senecio apiifolius (DC.) Benth.& Hook.f. ex O.Hoffm.Senecio arenarius Thunb.Senecio bulbinifolius DC.Senecio cakilefolius DC.Senecio consanguineus DC.Senecio eenii (S.Moore) Merxm.Senecio flavus (Decne) Sch.Bip.Senecio giessii Merxm.Senecio maydae Merxm.Senecio piptocoma O.Hoffm.Senecio pinguifolius (DC.) Sch.Bip.Senecio radicans (L.f.) Sch.Bip.Senecio sarcoides C.JeffreySenecio sisymbriifolius DC.Sonchus oleraceus L.*Tripteris breviradiata (Norl.) B.Nord.Tripteris clandestina Less.Tripteris crassifolia O.Hoffm.Tripteris microcarpa (Harv.) subsp. microcarpaTripteris oppositifolia (Aiton) B.Nord.Tripteris polycephala DC.Tripteris sinuata (DC.) var. sinuataTroglophyton capillaceum (Thunb.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt subsp. capillaceumTroglophyton parvulum (Harv.) Hilliard & B.L.BurttUrsinia anthemoides (L.) Poir. subsp. versicolor (DC.) PrasslerUrsinia frutescens DinterUrsinia nana DC. subsp. nanaUrsinia speciosa DC.Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. var. encelioides *

BignoniaceaeRhigozum trichotomum Burch.

BoraginaceaeCodon royenii L.Ehretia alba Retief & A.E. van WykHeliotropium ciliatum KaplanHeliotropium curassavicum L.*Heliotropium hereroense SchinzHeliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.Heliotropium tubulosum E.Mey. ex A.DC.Trichodesma africanum (L.) Lehm.Wellstedia dinteri Pilg.


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BrassicaceaeCoronopus integrifolius (DC.) Spreng.Heliophila carnosa (Thunb.) Steud.Heliophila cornuta Sond. var. cornutaHeliophila crithmifolia Willd.Heliophila deserticola Schltr. var. deserticolaHeliophila eximia MaraisHeliophila lactea Schltr.Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl.& Zeyh.) Steud. var. macrostylis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) B.Nord.Heliophila obibensis MaraisHeliophila trifurca Burch. ex DC.Lepidium africanum (Burm.f.) DC. subsp. divaricatum (Aiton) JonsellLepidium desertorum Eckl. & Zeyh.

BuddlejaceaeGomphostigma virgatum (L.f.) Baill.

BurseraceaeCommiphora capensis (Sond.) Engl.Commiphora namaensis Schinz

CampanulaceaeWahlenbergia androsacea A.DC.Wahlenbergia annularis A.DC.Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. denticulataWahlenbergia erophiloides Markgr.Wahlenbergia oxyphylla A.DC.Wahlenbergia patula A.DC.Wahlenbergia subrosulata BrehmerWahlenbergia subumbellata Markgr.Wahlenbergia thunbergiana (H.Buek) Lammers

CapparaceaeBoscia albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Boscia foetida Schinz subsp. foetidaCadaba aphylla (Thunb.) WildCapparis hereroensis SchinzCleome angustifolia Forssk. subsp. diandra (Burch.) KersCleome foliosa Hook. f. var. lutea (Sond.) Codd & KersCleome paxii (Schinz) Gilg. & Gilg-Ben.Cleome suffruticosa SchinzMaerua gilgii SchinzMaerua schinzii Pax

CaryophyllaceaeDianthus namaensis Schinz var. namaensisPollichia campestris AitonSilene burchellii Otth. var. burchelliiSpergularia media (L.) C.Presl. ex Griseb.*

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CelastraceaeGymnosporia linearis (L.f.) Loes. subsp. lanceolata (E.Mey. ex Sond.) M.JordaanGymnosporia syszylowieczii (Kuntze) M.Jordaan subsp. namibensis M.Jordaan

ChenopodiaceaeAtriplex cinerea Poir. subsp. bolusii (C.H.Wright) AellenAtriplex semibaccata R.Br. var. typica AellenAtriplex suberecta I.Verd.Atriplex vestita (Thunb.) Aellen var. appendiculata AellenBassia diffusa (Thunb.) KuntzeBassia dinteri (Botsch) A.J.ScottChenopodium album L.*Chenopodium ambrosioides L.*Chenopodium botryodes Sm.*Chenopodium mucronatum Thunb.Chenopodium murale L. var. murale*Chenopodium pumilio R.Br.*Manochlamys albicans (Aiton) AellenSalicornia uniflora TölkenSalsola aphylla L.f.Salsola araneosa Botsch.Salsola arborea C.A.Sm. ex AellenSalsola armata C.S.Sm. ex AellenSalsola barbata AellenSalsola cryptoptera AellenSalsola dinteri Botsch.Salsola dolichostigma Botsch.Salsola gemmifera Botsch.Salsola kali L.Salsola luederitzensis Botsch.Salsola merxmuelleri AellenSalsola namibica Botsch.Salsola nollothensis AellenSalsola procera Botsch.Salsola robinsonii Botsch.Salsola ruschii AellenSalsola schreiberae Botsch.Salsola zeyheri (Moq.) BungeSarcocornia natalensis (Bung.ex Ung.-Sternb.) A.J.Scott var. affinis (Moss)O'CallaghanSarcocornia perennis (Mill.) A.J.Scott var. lignosa (Woods) O'CallaghanSarcocornia pillansii (Moss) A.J.Scott var. dunensis (Moss) O'CallaghanSuaeda inflata AellenSuaeda merxmuelleri AellenSuaeda plumosa Aellen

CrassulaceaeAdromischus alstonii (Schönland & Baker f.) C.A.Sm.Adromischus filicaulis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.A.Sm. subsp. filicaulisAdromischus marianiae (Marloth) A.Berger var. kubusensis (Uitewaal) TölkenAdromischus montium-klinghardtii (Dinter) A.BergerAdromischus schuldtianus (Poelln) Poelln subsp. schuldtianus


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Cotyledon orbiculata L. var. orbiculataCrassula atropurpurea (Haw.) D.Dietr. var. cultriformis (Friedrich) TölkenCrassula aurusbergensis G.Will.Crassula ausensis Hutchison subsp. ausensisCrassula brevifolia Harv. subsp. brevifoliaCrassula campestris (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Endl. ex Walp.Crassula capitella Thunb. subsp. thyrsiflora (Thunb.) TölkenCrassula columnaris Thunb. subsp. prolifera FriedrichCrassula corallina Thunb. subsp. corallinaCrassula cotyledonis Thunb.Crassula deceptor Schönland & Baker f.Crassula deltoidea Thunb.Crassula elegans Schönland & Baker f. subsp. elegansCrassula elegans Schoenl. & Baker f. subsp. namibensis (Friedrich) TölkenCrassula expansa Dryand. subsp. pyrifolia (Compton) TölkenCrassula fusca HerreCrassula garibina Marloth & Schönland subsp. garibinaCrassula luederitzii SchönlandCrassula macowaniana Schönland & Baker f.Crassula mesembrianthemopsis DinterCrassula muscosa L. var. muscosaCrassula muscosa L. var. obtusifolia (Harv.) G.D.RowleyCrassula nemorosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Endl. ex Walp.Crassula numaisensis FriedrichCrassula oblanceolata Schönland & Baker f.Crassula plegmatoides FriedrichCrassula pseudohemisphaerica FriedrichCrassula rupestris Thunb. subsp. commutata (Friedrich) TölkenCrassula sericea Schönland var. hottentotta (Marloth & Schönland) TölkenCrassula sericea Schönland var. sericeaCrassula sericea Schönland var. velutina (Friedrich) TölkenCrassula sladenii SchönlandCrassula subacaulis Schönland & Baker f. subsp. erosula (N.E.Br.) TölkenCrassula subaphylla (Eckl.& Zeyh.) Harv. var. subaphyllaCrassula tenuipedicellata Schönland & Baker f.Crassula tomentosa Thunb. var. glabrifolia (Harv.) G.D. RowleyCrassula tomentosa Thunb. var. tomentosaKalanchoe brachyloba Welw. ex BrittenTylecodon aurusbergensis G.Will. & Van Jaarsv.Tylecodon buchholzianus (Schuldt & P. Stephan) TölkenTylecodon hallii TölkenTylecodon paniculatus (L.f.) TölkenTylecodon racemosus (Harv.) TölkenTylecodon reticulatus (L.f.) Tölken subsp. phyllopodium TölkenTylecodon rubrovenosus (Dinter) TölkenTylecodon schaeferianus (Dinter) TölkenTylecodon similis (Tölken) TölkenTylecodon wallichii (Harv.) Tölken subsp. ecklonianus (Harv.) Tölken

CucurbitaceaeAcanthosicyos horridus Welw. ex Hook.f.Citrullus eccirrhosus Cogn.

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Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & NakaiCorallocarpus dissectus Cogn.Corallocarpus schinzii Cogn.Cucumis africanus L.f.Cucumis rigidus E. Mey. ex Sond.Kedrostis capensis (Sond.) A.MeeuseMomordica balsamina L.

EbenaceaeDiospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. lycioidesDiospyros ramulosa (E.Mey. ex A.DC.) De WinterEuclea asperrima Friedr.-Holzh.Euclea pseudebenus E.Mey. ex A.DC.Euclea undulata Thunb.

EuphorbiaceaeEuphorbia angrae N.E.Br.Euphorbia brachiata E.Mey.ex Boiss.Euphorbia burmannii E.Mey.ex Boiss.Euphorbia chersina N.E.Br.Euphorbia cibdela N.E.Br.Euphorbia decussata E. Mey. ex Boiss.Euphorbia dregeana E.Mey. ex Boiss.Euphorbia ephedroides E.Mey. ex Boiss. var. ephedroidesEuphorbia ephroides E. Mey. ex Boiss. var. imminuta L.C. Leach & G.Will.Euphorbia gariepina Boiss. subsp. gariepinaEuphorbia gregaria MarlothEuphorbia guerichiana PaxEuphorbia gummifera Boiss.Euphorbia hamata (Haw.) SweetEuphorbia herrei A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.SloaneEuphorbia inaequilatera Sond. var. inaequilateraEuphorbia juttae DinterEuphorbia lignosa MarlothEuphorbia mauritanica L. var mauritanicaEuphorbia mauritanica L. var. corallothamnus (Dinter) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.SloaneEuphorbia mauritanica L. var. namaquensis N.E.Br.Euphorbia mauritanica L. var. foetens A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.SloaneEuphorbia melanohydrata NelEuphorbia namibensis MarlothEuphorbia phylloclada Boiss.Euphorbia spinea N.E.Br.Euphorbia stapelioides Boiss.Euphorbia verruculosa N.E.Br.Euphorbia virosa Willd. subsp. virosaJatropha orangeana Dinter ex P.G. Mey.Ricinus communis L. var. communis *

FabaceaeAcacia erioloba E.Mey.Acacia karroo HayneAcacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth.subsp. detinens (Burch.) Brenan


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Adenolobus garipensis (E.Mey.) Torre & Hillc.Crotalaria colorata Schinz subsp. erecta (Schinz) PolhillCrotalaria meyeriana Steud.Cullen tomentosum (Thunb.) J.W. GrimesIndigastrum argyraeum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) SchrireIndigastrum argyroides (E.Mey) SchrireIndigastrum candissimum (Dinter) SchrireIndigofera acanthoclada DinterIndigofera adenocarpa E.Mey.Indigofera alternans DC. var. alternansIndigofera auricoma E.Mey.Indigofera merxmuelleri A.Schreib.Indigofera nudicaulis E.Mey.Indigofera pungens E.Mey.Lebeckia acanthoclada DinterLebeckia cinerea E.Mey.Lebeckia dinteri HarmsLebeckia halenbergensis Merxm. & A.Schreib.Lebeckia linearifolia E.Mey.Lebeckia multiflora E.Mey.Lebeckia spinescens Harv.Lessertia acanthorachis (Dinter) DinterLessertia benguellensis Baker f.Lessertia candida E.Mey.Lessertia cryptantha DinterLessertia eremicola DinterLessertia falciformis DC.Lessertia incana SchinzLessertia macrostachya DC. var. macrostachyaLotononis falcata (E.Mey.) Benth.Lotononis maculata DummerLotononis pachycarpa Dinter ex B.-E. van WykLotononis platycarpa (Viv.) Pic.Serm.Lotononis rabenaviana Dinter & HarmsLotononis strigillosa (Merxm.& A.Schreib.) A.Schreib.Melolobium candicans (E.Mey.) Eckl.& Zeyh.Melolobium microphyllum (L.f.) Eckl. & Zeyh.Parkinsonia africana Sond.Prosopis glandulosa Torr. var. glandulosa*Ptycholobium biflorum (E. Mey.) Brummit subsp. biflorumSchotia afra (L.) Bodin Thunb. var. angustifolia (E.Mey.) Harv.Sesbania pachycarpa DC. c.f. subsp. dinterana G.B. GillettSutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br.Tephrosia dregeana E. Mey. var. dregeanaTrigonella hamosa L.*

FrankeniaceaeFrankenia pomonensis PohnertFrankenia pulverulenta L.

FumariaceaeCysticapnos vesicaria (L.) Fedde

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GentianaceaeSebaea pentandra E.Mey. var. burchellii (Gilg) Marais

GeraniaceaeMonsonia deserticola Dinter ex R.KnuthMonsonia drudeana SchinzMonsonia ignorata Merxm. & A.Schreib.Monsonia parvifolia SchinzMonsonia umbellata Harv.Pelargonium antidysentericum (Eckl.& Zeyh.) Kostel L’Her. subsp. antidysentericumPelargonium carnosum (L.) L'Her.Pelargonium ceratophyllum L'Her.Pelargonium cortusifolium L'Her.Pelargonium crassicaule L’Her.Pelargonium crithmifolium Sm.Pelargonium desertorum VorsterPelargonium grandicalcaratum R.KnuthPelargonium klinghardtense R.KnuthPelargonium minimum (Cav.) Willd.Pelargonium mirabile DinterPelargonium paniculatum Jacq.Pelargonium redactum VorsterPelargonium sibthorpiifolium Harv.Pelargonium spinosum Willd.Pelargonium tenuicaule R.KnuthPelargonium xerophyton Schltr. ex R.KnuthSarcocaulon crassicaule RehmSarcocaulon flavescens RehmSarcocaulon inerme RehmSarcocaulon multifidum E.Mey. ex R.KnuthSarcocaulon patersonii (DC.) G.DonSarcocaulon peniculinum MoffettSarcocaulon salmoniflorum Moffett

GisekiaceaeGisekia africana (Lour.) Kuntze var. africanaGisekia pharnacioides L. var. pharnacioides

HydnoraceaeHydnora africana Thunb.Hydnora triceps Drege & E.Mey.

LamiaceaeAcrotome pallescens Benth.Ballota africana (L.) Benth.Leucas glabrata (Vahl) Sm. var. glabrataSalvia garipensis E.Mey.ex Benth.Salvia verbenaca L.Stachys burchelliana LaunertStachys rugosa AitonTetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd


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LoasaceaeKissenia capensis Endl.

LobeliaceaeCyphia dentariifolia C.Presl. var. dentariifolia

LoranthaceaePlicosepalus kalachariensis (Schinz) DanserPlicosepalus undulatus (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh.Septulina glauca (Thunb.) Tiegh.Septulina ovalis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh.Tapinanthus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Danser

LythraceaeNesaea luederitzii Koehne var. luederitzii

MalvaceaeMalva parviflora L. var. parviflora *Radyera urens (L.f.) Bullock

MeliaceaeNymania capensis (Thunb.) Lindb.

MelianthaceaeMelianthus comosus VahlMelianthus pectinatus Harv. subsp. gariepinus (Merxm.& Roessler) S.A.Tansley

MenispermaceaeAntizoma angustifolia (Burch.) Miers ex Harv.Antizoma miersiana Harv.Cissampelos capensis L.f.

MesembryanthemaceaeAmphibolia obscura H.E.K.HartmannAmphibolia rupis-arcuatae (Dinter) H.E.K.HartmannAmphipolia saginata (L. Bolus) H.E.K.HartmannAntimima aurasensis H.E.K.HartmannAntimima buchubergensis (Dinter) H.E.K.HartmannAntimima dolomitica (Dinter) H.E.K.HartmannAntimima modesta (L.Bolus) H.E.K.HartmannAntimima perforata (L.Bolus) H.E.K.HartmannAntimima quarzitica (Dinter) H.E.K.HartmannAptenia geniculiflora (L.) Bittrich ex GerbauletAridaria brevicarpa L.BolusAridaria noctiflora (L.) Schwantes subsp. noctifloraAridaria noctiflora (L.) Schwantes subsp. straminea (Haw.) GerbauletAridaria serotina L.BolusAstridia citrina (L.Bolus) L.BolusAstridia hallii L. BolusAstridia velutina DinterBrownanthus arenosus (Schinz) Ihlenf.& Bittrich

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Brownanthus schenckii (Schinz) SchwantesBrownanthus marlothii (Pax) SchwantesBrownanthus namibensis (Marloth) BullockBrownanthus neglectus S.M.Pierce & GerbauletBrownanthus nucifer (Ihlenf.& Bittrich) S.M.Pierce & GerbauletBrownanthus pseudoschlichtianus S.M.Pierce & GerbauletBrownanthus pubescens (N.E.Br.ex C.A.Maass) BullockCephalophyllum compressum L. BolusCephalophyllum confusum (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesCephalophyllum ebracteatum (Schltr.& Diels) Dinter & SchwantesCephalophyllum herrei L.BolusCheiridopsis brownii Schick & TischerCheiridopsis caroli-schmidtii (Dinter & A.Berger) N.E.Br.Cheiridopsis robusta (Haw.) N.E.Br.Cheiridopsis verrucosa L.BolusConophytum halenbergense (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br.Conophytum jucundum (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. subsp. jucundumConophytum klinghardtense Rawe subsp. baradii (Rawe) S.A.HammerConophytum klinghardtense Rawe subsp. klinghardtenseConophytum loeschianum TischerConophytum pageae (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.Conophytum quaesitum (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. subsp. densipunctum (L.Bolus) S.A.HammerConophytum ricardianum Loesch & Tischer subsp. ricardianumConophytum saxetanum (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.Conophytum taylorianum (Dinter & Schwantes) subsp. ernianum (Loesch & Tischer) deBoer ex S.A.HammerConophytum taylorianum (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. subsp. taylorianumDelosperma klinghardtianum Dinter & SchwantesDracophilus dealbatus (N.E.Br.) WalgateDracophilus delaetianus (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesDracophilus montis-draconis (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesDracophilus proximus (L.Bolus) WalgateDrosanthemum albens L.BolusDrosanthemum curtophyllum L. BolusDrosanthemum hispidum (L.) SchwantesDrosanthemum inornatum (L.Bolus) L.BolusDrosanthemum luederitzii (Engl.) SchwantesDrosanthemum pauper (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesDrosanthemum subcompressum (Haw.) SchwantesEberlanzia clausa (Dinter) SchwantesEberlanzia cyathiformis (L.Bolus) H.E.K.HartmannEberlanzia ebracteata (L.Bolus) H.E.K.HartmannEberlanzia schneideriana (A.Berger) H.E.K.HartmannEberlanzia sedoides (Dinter & A.Berger) SchwantesEbracteola derenbergiana (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesFenestraria rhopalophylla (Schltr.& Diels) N.E.Br. subsp. aurantiaca (N.E.Br.)H.E.K.HartmannFenestraria rhopalophylla (Schltr.& Diels) N.E.Br. subsp. rhopalophyllaHartmanthus hallii (L.Bolus) S.A.HammerHartmanthus pergamentaceus (L. Bolus) S.A.HammerHereroa hesperantha (Dinter & A.Berger) Dinter & SchwantesJordaaniella cuprea (L.Bolus) H.E.K.Hartmann


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Juttadinteria albata (L.Bolus) L.BolusJuttadinteria attenuata WalgateJuttadinteria ausensis (L.Bolus) SchwantesJuttadinteria deserticola (Marloth) SchwantesJuttadinteria kovisimontana (Dinter) SchwantesJuttadinteria simpsonii (Dinter) SchwantesJuttadinteria suavissima (Dinter) SchwantesLampranthus borealis L.BolusLampranthus hoerleinianus (Dinter) FriedrichLampranthus otzenianus (Dinter) FriedrichLeipoldtia alborosea (L.Bolus) H.E.K.Hartmann & StüberLeipoldtia weigangiana (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes subsp. grandiflora (L.Bolus)H.E.K.Hartmann & S.RustLeipoldtia weigangiana (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes subsp. littlewoodii (L.Bolus)H.E.K.Hartmann & S.RustLeipoldtia weigangiana (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes subsp. weigangianaLithops francisci (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br.Lithops gesineae de BoerLithops herrei L. BolusLithops optica (Marloth) N.E.Br.Mesembryanthemum barklyi N.E.Br.Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum Hook.f.Mesembryanthemum guerichianum PaxMesembryanthemum hypertrophicum DinterMesembryanthemum inachabense Engl.Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum L.Mesembryanthemum pellitum FriedrichNamibia cinerea (Marloth) SchwantesNamibia pomonae (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes ex WalgateNamibia ponderosa (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes ex H. JacobsenPhyllobolus melanospermus (Dinter & Schwantes) GerbauletPhyllobolus oculatus (N.E.Br.) GerbauletPrenia tetragona (Thunb.) GerbauletPsammophora longifolia L.BolusPsammophora modesta (Dinter & A.Berger) Dinter & SchwantesPsammophora nissenii (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesPsammophora saxicola H.E.K.HartmannPsilocaulon coriarium (Burch. ex N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.Psilocaulon dinteri (Engl.) SchwantesPsilocaulon salicornioides (Pax) SchwantesPsilocaulon subnodosum (A.Berger) N.E.Br.Ruschia abbreviata L.BolusRuschia deminuta L.BolusRuschia divaricata L.BolusRuschia muelleri (L.Bolus) SchwantesRuschia namusmontana FriedrichRuschia odontocalyx (Schltr.& Diels) SchwantesRuschia pollardii FriedrichRuschia ruschiana (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesRuschia spinosa (L.) DehnRuschia tumidula (Haw.) SchwantesSchwantesia herrei L. Bolus

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Stoeberia arborea Van Jaarsv.Stoeberia beetzii (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesStoeberia carpii FriedrichStoeberia frutescens (L.Bolus) van Jaarsv.Stoeberia gigas (Dinter) Dinter & SchwantesStoeberia utilis (L.Bolus) Van Jaarsv.Synaptophyllum juttae (Dinter & A.Berger) N.E.Br.Titanopsis schwantesii (Dinter) Schwantes

MolluginaceaeAdenogramma glomerata (L.f.) DruceCoelanthum grandiflorum E.Mey. ex FenzlGlinus lotoides L. var. lotoides *Hypertelis angrae-pequenae Friedr.Hypertelis salsoloides (Burch.) Adamson var. salsoloidesHypertelis spergulacea E.Mey. ex FenzlLimeum aethiopicum Burm. subsp. namaense Friedrich var. namaenseLimeum deserticolum Dinter & G.Schellenb.Limeum fenestratum (Fenzl) Heim. var. fenestratumMollugo cerviana (L.) Ser.ex DC. var. cervianaMollugo walteri FriedrichPharnaceum albens L.f.Pharnaceum confertum (DC.) Eckl.& Zeyh.Pharnaceum exiguum AdamsonPharnaceum brevicaule (DC.) Bartl.Pharnaceum croceum E.Mey.ex FenzlSuessenguthiella scleranthoides (Sond.) Friedrich

MontiniaceaeMontinia caryophyllacea Thunb.

MoraceaeFicus cordata Thunb. subsp. cordataFicus ilicina (Sond.) Miq.

MyrtaceaeEucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnb.*

NeuradaceaeGrielum humifusum Thunb.Grielum sinuatum Licht.ex Burch.Neuradopsis austro-africana (Schinz) Bremek.& Oberm.

OnagraceaeOenothera indecora Cambess. subsp. indecora *

OrobanchaceaeHyobanche barklyi N.E.Br.

OxalidaceaeOxalis beneprotecta Dinter ex R.KnuthOxalis copiosa F.Bolus


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Oxalis laxicaulis R. KnuthOxalis luederitzii SchinzOxalis obtusa Jacq.Oxalis pseudo-cernua R.Knuth

PapaveraceaeArgemone ochroleuca Sweet subsp. ochroleuca *Papaver aculeatum Thunb.

PedaliaceaeRogeria longiflora (Royen) J.Gay ex DC.Sesamum capense Burm.f.

PhytolaccaceaeLophiocarpus polystachyus Turcz.

PlantaginaceaePlantago lanceolata L.

PlumbaginaceaeDyerophytum africanum (Lam.) KuntzeLimonium dyeri Lincz.Limonium scabrum (Thunb.) Kuntze var. scabrum

PolygalaceaePolygala leptophylla Burch.Polygala mossii ExellPolygala pallida E.Mey.Polygala scabra L.Polygala sp. nov.

PolygonaceaeEmex australis Steinh.Rumex lativalvis Meisn.

PortulacaceaeAnacampseros baeseckei DinterAnacampseros filamentosa (Haw.) Sims subsp. namaquensis (H.Pearson & Stephens)G.D.RowleyAnacampseros filamentosa (Haw.) Sims subsp. tomentosa (A.Berger) GerbauletAnacampseros retusa Poelln.Avonia albissima (Marloth) G.D.RowleyCeraria fruticulosa H.Pearson & StephensCeraria namaquensis (Sond.) Pearson & StephensPortulacaria pygmea Pillans

ResedaceaeOligomeris dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. dipetala

RhamnaceaeZiziphus mucronata Willd.

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RosaceaePotentilla supina L.

RubiaceaeAnthospermum dregei Sond. subsp. dregeiGaillonia crocyllis (Sond.) ThulinGalium tomentosum Thunb.Kohautia caespitosa Schnizl. subsp. brachyloba (Sond.) D.MantellKohautia ramosissima Bremek.

SalicaceaeSalix mucronata Thunb. subsp. capensis (Thunb.) Immelman

SantalaceaeThesium lacinulatum A.W.Hill.Thesium lineatum L.f.

SapindaceaePappea capensis Eckl. & Zeyh.

ScrophulariaceaeAntherothamnus pearsonii N.E.Br.Anticharis ebracteata SchinzAnticharis inflata Marloth & Engl.Anticharis juncea L. BolusAnticharis scoparia (E.Mey. ex Benth.) Hiern ex Benth. & Hook.f.Aptosimum albomarginatum Marloth & Engl.Aptosimum eriocephalum E.Mey.ex Benth.Aptosimum lineare Marloth & Engl.Aptosimum spinescens (Thunb.) F.E.WeberAptosimum tragacanthoides E.Mey.ex Benth.Aptosimum viscosum Benth.Diascia ausana DinterDiclis petiolaris Benth.Dischisma spicatum (Thunb.) ChoisyHebenstretia cordata L.Hebenstretia integrifolia L.Hebenstretia namaquensis RoesslerHebenstretia parviflora E.Mey.Jamesbrittenia adpressa (Dinter) HilliardJamesbrittenia aridicola HilliardJamesbrittenia atropupurea (Benth.) Hilliard subsp. pubescens HilliardJamesbrittenia bicolor (Dinter) HilliardJamesbrittenia canescens (Benth.) Hilliard var. canescensJamesbrittenia fruticosa (Benth.) HilliardJamesbrittenia glutinosa (Benth.) HilliardJamesbrittenia huillana (Diels) HilliardJamesbrittenia integerrima (Benth.) HilliardJamesbrittenia maxii (Hiern) HilliardJamesbrittenia merxmuelleri (Roessler) HilliardJamesbrittenia ramosissima (Hiern) HilliardJamesbrittenia sessilifolia (Diels) Hilliard


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Lyperia tristis (L.f.) Benth.Manulea androsacea E.Mey. ex Benth.Manulea aridicola HilliardManulea gariepina Benth.Manulea minuscula HilliardManulea namibensis (Roessler) HilliardNemesia fleckii Thell.Nemesia fruticans (Thunb.) Benth.Nemesia gracilis Benth.Nemesia violiflora RoesslerNemesia viscosa E.Mey.ex Benth.Peliostomum leucorrhizum E.Mey.ex Benth.Peliostomum viscosum E.Mey.ex Benth.Phyllopodium hispidulum (Thell.) HilliardPhyllopodium maxii (Hiern) HilliardPhyllopodium namaense (Thell.) HilliardSelago angolensis RolfeSelago angustibractea HilliardSelago dinteri Rolfe subsp. pseudodinteri HilliardSelago divaricata L.f.Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.Zaluzianskya benthamiana Walp.Zaluzianskya diandra DielsZaluzianskya peduncularis (Benth.) Walp.

SolanaceaeDatura inoxia Mill.*Datura stramonium L.*Lycium amoenum DammerLycium bosciifolium SchinzLycium cinereum Thunb.Lycium gariepense A.M.VenterLycium grandicalyx Joubert & A.M.VenterLycium horridum Thunb.Lycium pilifolium C.H.WrightLycium schizocalyx C.M.WrightLycium tetrandum L.f.Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill.*Nicotiana glauca R.C.Graham *Nicotiana longiflora Cav.*Solanum burchellii DunalSolanum capense L.Solanum nigrum L.*Solanum rigescens Jacq.

SterculiaceaeHermannia abrotanoides Schrad.Hermannia affinis K.Schum.Hermannia amoena Dinter ex Friedr.-Holzh.Hermannia comosa Burch.ex DC.Hermannia complicata Engl.Hermannia desertorum Eckl.& Zeyh.

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Hermannia disermifolia Jacq.Hermannia engleri SchinzHermannia gariepina Eckl.& Zeyh.Hermannia macra Schltr.Hermannia minutiflora Engl.Hermannia modesta (Ehrenb.) Mast.Hermannia paucifolia Turcz.Hermannia pfeilii K. Schum.Hermannia spinosa E.Mey.ex Harv.Hermannia stricta (E.Mey.ex Turcz.) Harv.Hermannia trifurca L.

TamaricaceaeTamarix usneoides E.Mey.ex Bunge

ThymelaceaeGnidia polycephala (C.A.Meyer) GilgGnidia suavissima Dinter

UrticaceaeDidymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. capensisForsskaolea candida L.f.Forsskaolea hereroensis Schinz

VahliaceaeVahlia capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris var. vulgaris

VerbenaceaeChascanum garipense E.Mey.Chascanum namaquanum (Bolus ex H. Pearson) MoldenkeLantana camara L.*

ViscaceaeViscum capense L.f.Viscum rotundifolium L.f.

ZygophyllaceaeAugea capensis Thunb.Fagonia capensis HadidiFagonia isotricha Murb. var. spinescens (O.Schwartz) HadidiSisyndite spartea E.Mey.ex Sond.Tribulus cristatus C.PreslTribulus terrestris L.Tribulus zeyheri Sond. subsp. zeyheriZygophyllum applanatum Van ZylZygophyllum chrysopteron RetiefZygophyllum clavatum Schltr. & DielsZygophyllum cordifolium L.f.Zygophyllum decumbens Del. var. decumbens A.HosnyZygophyllum foetidum Schrad. & Wendl.Zygophyllum hirticaule Van ZylZygophyllum leptopetalum Sond.


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Zygophyllum leucocladum DielsZygophyllum longicapsulare SchinzZygophyllum longistipulatum SchinzZygophyllum macrocarpon RetiefZygophyllum microcarpum Cham.Zygophyllum morgsana L.Zygophyllum patenticaule Van ZylZygophyllum prismatocarpum Sond.Zygophyllum pterocaule Van ZylZygophyllum pubescens SchinzZygophyllum retrofractum Thunb.Zygophyllum rigidum SchinzZygophyllum schreiberanum Merx. & GiessZygophyllum segmentatum Van ZylZygophyllum simplex L.

plant species of the sperrgebiet (diamond area 1)

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