plans for reconstruction - msbodt.com · 1 jan 98:50 am obj swbat explain why congress took charge...
TRANSCRIPT
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Obj SWBAT Explain why Congress took charge of Reconstruction
DO NOW Desribe Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction
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Plans for Reconstruction• WadeDavis Bill• Proposed by Republicans in Congress• Majority of white men must swear loyalty to U.S.• Former confederates could not vote or hold office• Lincoln vetoes the Bill
NO VOTE
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April 14, 1865 • John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln.
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Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction
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Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction• (Johnson became president after Lincoln’s assassination) • Continuation of Lincoln’s policies• Majority of white men must swear loyalty• Must ratify 13th amendment (banned slavery)• Former confederate officials may vote/hold office• Johnson’s plan failed to address the needs of former slaves in 3 key areas:• Land ownership• Voting Rights• Protection under the law• Radical Republicans in the Congress were angered by Johnson’s plan
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Johnson’s Political ProblemsJohnson was a Democrat who broke ranks with his party to run for VP with Republican
Abe Lincoln
Johnson was the ONLY Southern Senator to
remain loyal to the Union when the war broke
out
As a result of his political history, which groups may have mistrusted Johnson?
Republicans mistrusted Johnson because he was a Democrat
Democrats mistrusted Johnson because he ran for office with a Republican
Southerners mistrusted Johnson because he took the Union’s side in the war
Northerners mistrusted Johnson because the feared he would have sympathy for the south
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President Johnson & Congress (Radical Republicans): AT ODDS
Radical Republicans supported:Freedmen’s Bureau Offered assistance to freed slaves
Civil Rights ActGranted citizenship and equal protection to African Americans Reconstruction ActDivided south into five military districtsSet up requirements for readmission to the Union
• President Johnson
Why did Johnson oppose this legislation?
He believed that the RRs were intruding on states rights & imposing federal power on state issues
Veto
Veto
Veto
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President Johnson & Congress (Radical Republicans): AT ODDS
• Republicans were able to override Johnson’s vetoes
• Republicans passed the Tenure of Office Act It stated that the President needed approval from Congress to fire a member of his Cabinet
• Johnson then fired his Secretary of War, the RR’s then IMPEACHED Johnson
• Removing Johnson from office failed by 1 vote!
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Who were the Radical Republicans & what was their plan for Reconstruction:
Senator SumnerRep. Stevens
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Reconstruction Act of 1867• Bill was passed by Radicals & Moderates in Congress• Main Parts of the Bill:• >The south was divided into 5 military districts, each district controlled by a Union General• >Elected delegates met to draft new state constitutions • >African Americans were given the right to vote• >14th amendment needed to be passed by each state• >After terms were met, the state could reenter the Union• Johnson vetoed the Act• >Congress overrode the veto & it became law
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Military Reconstruction
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Constitutional Amendments Protecting the Civil Rights of African Americans(Civil War/Reconstruction Era Amendments)
13th AmendmentOutlawed slavery/involuntary servitude
14th Amendment
• Granted citizenship to all people born in the U.S.• Gave all citizens equal protection under the law,
applied the Bill of Rights to each of the States
15th AmendmentStates could not keep anyone from voting because of
race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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Conclusion• How did the politics of reconstruction shape the post Civil War era?• Politicians debated over the best way to bring the nation back together • President Johnson, Republicans in Congress clashed (Johnson impeachment)• Constitutional amendments attempted to secure rights for the freed slaves• New state governments/constitutions had to be designed for southern states• Northern Industries boomed supplying the materials for the South’s rebuilding• Bitterness between the regions continued for years