planetree roz lindheim 06 17 08
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WELCOME!WELCOME!
Inaugural SessionInaugural SessionAdvisory Council MeetingAdvisory Council Meeting
June 17-18, 2008June 17-18, 2008
Roslyn Lindeim, Roslyn Lindeim, Architect and Social Architect and Social
ScientistScientist
Angelica ThieriotAngelica ThieriotVictoria FayVictoria Fay
How it All Began…How it All Began…
Planetree design theory is a synthesis of social-Planetree design theory is a synthesis of social-science research findings and original research science research findings and original research with patient focus groupswith patient focus groups
How it All Began…How it All Began…
Member of The Institute of Medicine of the Member of The Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of ScienceNational Academy of Science
Tenured Professor at the University of Tenured Professor at the University of California, BerkeleyCalifornia, Berkeley"Environmental Design, Stress and Disease" "Environmental Design, Stress and Disease"
Interdisciplinary class at UC BerkeleyInterdisciplinary class at UC Berkeley
Children's Hospital at Stanford. Children's Hospital at Stanford.
Montefiore Hospital, Bronx, New YorkMontefiore Hospital, Bronx, New York
Roslyn LindheimRoslyn Lindheim
Publications Publications (prior to Planetree)(prior to Planetree)::Uncoupling and regrouping the hospital system (CSU Center for Uncoupling and regrouping the hospital system (CSU Center for Planning and Development Research. 1967 Planning and Development Research. 1967
Uncoupling the radiology system (Health services monograph Uncoupling the radiology system (Health services monograph series) 1971 series) 1971
Changing Hospital Environments for Children (CommonwealthChanging Hospital Environments for Children (Commonwealth Fund Publications) Fund Publications) 1972 1972
Changing Hospital Environments for Children 1972 Changing Hospital Environments for Children 1972
Neighborhood health center project 1975Neighborhood health center project 1975
Birthing centers and hospices: Reclaiming birth and death 1981Birthing centers and hospices: Reclaiming birth and death 1981
Roslyn LindheimRoslyn Lindheim
ENVIRONMENTS, PEOPLE, AND HEALTHENVIRONMENTS, PEOPLE, AND HEALTHAnnual Review of Public Health 1983Annual Review of Public Health 1983• Collaboration with Leonard Syme, Epidemiologist • Focus in this paper is on those factors that affect host resistance
rather than on disease agents.• All of the findings have as a common element the importance to
health of being "connected": with others with one’s biological heritage. with one’s cultural heritage
Planetree Beginnings:Planetree Beginnings:
Findings: basis of PlanetreeFindings: basis of PlanetreeThe Importance of:The Importance of:– Social Relationships
Hierarchial Status: Living and Working Conditions, Stigmatization, Participation and Control
Connection to Biological HeritageBiological Rhythms, Artificial Light,
Findings: basis of PlanetreeFindings: basis of PlanetreeConnection to Biological Heritage (cont’d)
Connection to Nature, Connections to the Life Cycle
Connection to Cultural Heritage Connections to Place
NEW DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR NEW DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR HEALTHY PLACESHEALTHY PLACESPlaces, Vol 2, No. 4 1985Places, Vol 2, No. 4 1985
• Published after first Planetree Model Hospital completed.
• Explores implications for environmental design based on new findings of importance of social factors.
Planetree beginnings:Planetree beginnings:
Significance to health of:Significance to health of:– Social ConnectednessSocial Connectedness– Hierarchy, Self-Esteem, and MeaningHierarchy, Self-Esteem, and Meaning– Participation and ControlParticipation and Control– Connection to the Natural OrderConnection to the Natural Order– Contact with NatureContact with Nature– Connection to the Life CycleConnection to the Life Cycle– Connection to PlaceConnection to Place
Findings: basis of PlanetreeFindings: basis of Planetree
Initial Planetree DesignInitial Planetree Design
Initial Planetree DesignInitial Planetree Design
• Human InteractionHuman Interaction• Family, Friends, & Social SupportFamily, Friends, & Social Support• Information & Education Information & Education • Nutritional & Nurturing Aspects of Food Nutritional & Nurturing Aspects of Food • Architectural & Interior Design Architectural & Interior Design • Arts & Entertainment Arts & Entertainment • SpiritualitySpirituality• Human Touch Human Touch • Complementary Therapies Complementary Therapies • Healthy CommunitiesHealthy Communities
Planetree Model ComponentsPlanetree Model Components
• TouchTouch• SpiritSpirit• PersonalPersonal
• EmotionalEmotional• Caring Caring • HumaneHumane
Planetree Hospital ModelPlanetree Hospital Model
First Planetree ModelFirst Planetree Model
““At Pacific Medical At Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco Center in San Francisco
an important new an important new experiment is taking experiment is taking
place influenced by the place influenced by the experience of Norman experience of Norman Cousins. Planetree, an Cousins. Planetree, an
organization dedicated to organization dedicated to humanize health care, humanize health care,
is restructuring a hospital is restructuring a hospital nursing unit physically, nursing unit physically,
socially, and socially, and organizationally to organizationally to increase the control increase the control
patients have over their patients have over their own health and to reduce own health and to reduce
the traditional the traditional hierarchical attitudes of hierarchical attitudes of
staff.”staff.”
First Planetree ModelFirst Planetree Model
““To reinforce these changes the To reinforce these changes the physical form of the nursing physical form of the nursing
station was altered. The nurses station was altered. The nurses are no longer separated from are no longer separated from
patients and families by a high patients and families by a high counter.counter.
Instead the workspace is opened Instead the workspace is opened up, making charts available to up, making charts available to
patients and families as well as to patients and families as well as to physicians and nurses. To physicians and nurses. To
motivate patients to greatermotivate patients to greater
mobility and personal control, a mobility and personal control, a lounge has been located directly lounge has been located directly
adjacent to patients' beds.”adjacent to patients' beds.”
Families will be encouraged to Families will be encouraged to participate in patient care. There participate in patient care. There
is a place for them to stay is a place for them to stay overnight, and even a small overnight, and even a small
kitchen has been constructed so kitchen has been constructed so that patients can have their own that patients can have their own
favorite foods on their own favorite foods on their own schedules.”schedules.”
First Planetree ModelFirst Planetree Model
First Planetree ModelFirst Planetree Model
To personalize and To personalize and deinstitutionalize the deinstitutionalize the
environment and create environment and create a more familiar and a more familiar and relaxed atmosphere, relaxed atmosphere, careful attention has careful attention has
been given to the been given to the quality of light, the use quality of light, the use of natural woods, and of natural woods, and
the selection of the selection of paintings, plants, and paintings, plants, and
fabrics.fabrics.
Design MattersDesign Matters• Environment is significantly related to recovery ratesEnvironment is significantly related to recovery rates• Patients behave better in well designed rooms.Patients behave better in well designed rooms.• Design of a hospital makes a difference to staff morale.Design of a hospital makes a difference to staff morale.
– 2003 CABE/ICM Survey (Great Britain)2003 CABE/ICM Survey (Great Britain)
• Physical improvements may improve patient’s perceptions of care.Physical improvements may improve patient’s perceptions of care.– Swan JE, Richardson LD, Hutton JDSwan JE, Richardson LD, Hutton JD Health Care Manage RevHealth Care Manage Rev. 2003. 2003
• Physical improvements may shorten length of patient stay and reduce need for analgesicsPhysical improvements may shorten length of patient stay and reduce need for analgesics– Lawson B, Phiri M.Lawson B, Phiri M. Health Serv Journal. Health Serv Journal. 2000 2000
Can Design be a Complementary Can Design be a Complementary Therapy?Therapy?