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Planet Earth and Beyond: Sedimentary Rock NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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At first, mountains are tall and rough Later, they are much more rounded Rock is worn away by weather and water This process is called EROSION NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5Rp9MJJGCU NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acqRoasmxzg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pg_jKJFbA2A http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pg_jKJFbA2A (Science Kitchen) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Rocks are broken up by wind, rain and water Broken pieces washed along rivers or blown along by the wind (Process = erosion) Broken pieces of rock, called sediments, are dropped somewhere else It sinks to the ground / low lying areas Over many years, sediments collect slowly and form layers Becomes compact NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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1. As the water in a river moves, loose bits of rocks are carried along 2. As the river slows down, pieces drop to the bottom. (It is deposited) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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3. Sand, stones and soil sink to the bottom of the river / sea 4. Layers of sand, stones and soil form NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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5. Over time, more and more layers are deposited 6. It gets very heavy and their weight presses down on the layers underneath NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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7. The pressure makes the layers underneath harden and turn into sedimentary rock. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NygkD8uA Tng

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Made up of layers Each layer is not very heavy The more layers, the more weight and pressure NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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1. Shale Grains of clay that have been hardened These break apart in large, flat pieces They are soft, like chalk, and can be used to write with NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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2. Sandstone Soft stone Formed when sand grains stick together Sometimes in different colours Crumbles easily NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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3. Limestone Rock that contains many fossils Mainly made up of minerals, calcium and tiny shells Shells are so tiny that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acqRoasmxz http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acqRoasmxz http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NygkD8uATng http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NygkD8uATng http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5Rp9MJJGCU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5Rp9MJJGCU http://www.rocksforkids.com/R&M/sedimentary.htm http://www.rocksforkids.com/R&M/sedimentary.htm Image: soil99.wikispaces.com Image: science.nationalgeographic.com Image: www.minimegeology.com Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock Image: sciencenetlinks.com Image: www.homepage.ufp.pt Image: www.kidsgeo.com Image: saturniancosmology.org Image by Nicholas M. Short, Sr. Image: ucrtoday.ucr.edu Image: geology.com - 380 285 - Search by imageby Hobart King Image: www.statesymbolsusa.org Image: science.nationalgeographic.com - 989 742 - Search by image by Melissa Farlow Image: www.daviddarling.info Image: www.ariesonline.org Image: www.csiro.au Image: www.glogster.com www.thunderboltkids.com CAPS Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5 Barnard T, Bevan W, Collett H, McKay R, Turley C. 2013. Oxford Successful Natural Science Grade 5 Leaners Book. Cape Town: Oxford University Press NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5