planet earth
TRANSCRIPT
Planet Earth Planet Earth
Environmental ScienceEnvironmental Science
Planet EarthPlanet Earth
Planet Earth is the _____ planet from the sun.3rd
We live on a unique planet in that it may be the only one in our solar system that has life on it.What do you think? Are we alone?
Living CreaturesLiving Creatures
Living things are called?
Organisms
QuestionQuestion
Do organisms interact with non living components on the Earth?
Examples: 1.Respiration2.Water breaks down components3.Rocks and Minerals for building/ tool making
Non-living components of Earth Are?Non-living components of Earth Are?
LithosphereLithosphere
HydrosphereHydrosphere
AtmosphereAtmosphere
The lithosphere ……The lithosphere ……
Land on the Earth’s surface
The hydrosphere…………..
That part of the Earth made up of water
The atmosphere…………The atmosphere…………
Air that surrounds the Earth
What characteristics make it possible for life to exist What characteristics make it possible for life to exist on the Earth?on the Earth?
1. Liquid water Why is it important??
•Organisms are mostly water.•Nutrients need to be dissolved in water to be used•Most chemical activities occur in water.
What else is water needed forWhat else is water needed for
2. To store heat
Where is this going to happen?
OCEANS
What characteristics make it possible for life to What characteristics make it possible for life to exist on the Earth?exist on the Earth?
1. The atmosphere Why?
•Maintain a steady temperature•Gases are used by organisms
2. The sun … 2. The sun …
All energy comes from the sunAll energy comes from the sun
What characteristics make it possible for life to What characteristics make it possible for life to exist on the Earth?exist on the Earth?
Animals use _____________ to carry out the process of _______________________ to make
______________.
oxygen
respiration
energy
Plants use _____________ to carry out the process of _______________________ to make
______________ from sunlight.
CO2
photosynthesis
energy
Do plants need oxygen to make energy?Do plants need oxygen to make energy?
YesYes
Plants use oxygen to make energy for them to Plants use oxygen to make energy for them to grow and developgrow and develop
The interaction between living and non-The interaction between living and non-living parts of the Earth are the subject of:living parts of the Earth are the subject of:
ECOLOGYECOLOGY
The lithosphereThe lithosphere
is made of three types of rocks:is made of three types of rocks:
1.1. IgneousIgneous – liquid or molten rocks – liquid or molten rocks
2.2. SedimentarySedimentary – layers of sediment accumulate and – layers of sediment accumulate and are compacted or cementedare compacted or cemented
3.3. MetamorphicMetamorphic – formed under intense heat and – formed under intense heat and pressure.pressure.
The atmosphereThe atmosphere
What gases make up the atmosphere?What gases make up the atmosphere?1.1. Nitrogen – 78%Nitrogen – 78%2.2. Oxygen – 21%Oxygen – 21%3.3. Carbon dioxide - .04%Carbon dioxide - .04%4.4. The rest includes: water vapor, dust, argon The rest includes: water vapor, dust, argon
Where does the COWhere does the CO22 come from? come from?
Released from volcanoes.Released from volcanoes.
Produced when burning fossil fuels.Produced when burning fossil fuels.
Air pressure is……..Air pressure is……..
Greatest at sea level. Greatest at sea level.
14.7 lbs/in14.7 lbs/in22
Becomes less as you gain altitude.Becomes less as you gain altitude.
Atmospheric layersAtmospheric layers
Thermosphere - highestThermosphere - highest
MesosphereMesosphere
StratosphereStratosphere
Troposphere – nearest the EarthTroposphere – nearest the Earth
TroposphereTroposphere
Weather occurs hereWeather occurs here
Most of the Earth’s water vapor and gases Most of the Earth’s water vapor and gases are hereare here
StratosphereStratosphere
Ozone layer here Ozone layer here
OO33 you smell this after a thunderstorm you smell this after a thunderstorm
Jet stream – weather controllerJet stream – weather controller
MesosphereMesosphere
Meteors burn up hereMeteors burn up here
Coolest layerCoolest layer
ThermosphereThermosphere
Contains the ionosphereContains the ionosphere
Ions become trapped and glow causing the Ions become trapped and glow causing the northern lightsnorthern lights
Temperature is 2,000 Temperature is 2,000 00C – air molecules C – air molecules are very far apart.are very far apart.
HydrosphereHydrosphere
97 % of the water on the earth is?97 % of the water on the earth is?
Salt water
Of the remaining water 2% is locked in ice.This leaves only 1% as usable freshwater.
Ocean waterOcean water
Is 35 ppt of saltIs 35 ppt of salt
Meaning 35 solid parts of salt for every Meaning 35 solid parts of salt for every 1000 parts of sea water.1000 parts of sea water.
The major salt is The major salt is NaClNaCl
FreshwaterFreshwater
Stored in:Stored in:
lakes, ponds, streams, riverslakes, ponds, streams, rivers
Ground waterGround water
Ground waterGround water
Is carried in porous rock (permeable) Is carried in porous rock (permeable) called an called an
aquifer
Ground water can reach the surface by Ground water can reach the surface by way of a: way of a:
spring
When ground water becomes “sandwiched” When ground water becomes “sandwiched” between two layers of impermeable rock and between two layers of impermeable rock and the rock above cracks, water can reach the the rock above cracks, water can reach the surface by way of an surface by way of an oasisoasis or or artesian well.artesian well.
QuestionQuestion
Can rain re-fill the aquifers as fast as people Can rain re-fill the aquifers as fast as people can pump the water out?can pump the water out?
In most cases NO!!!!!!!!!!!!
Most surface water runs off and continues to the ocean
Biosphere…………Biosphere…………
All parts of the Earth that contains and All parts of the Earth that contains and supports life…..supports life…..
Most life prefers to live between 500 m. deep Most life prefers to live between 500 m. deep in the ocean to 6 km above sea level.in the ocean to 6 km above sea level.
Energy FlowEnergy Flow
Sunlight
Biosphereplant and
animal use
Lost as heat To space
Changes in the biosphereChanges in the biosphere
Affect organismsAffect organisms
1.1. If we raise or lower the temperature of If we raise or lower the temperature of ocean water…..ocean water…..
2.2. Volcanic eruptions can……….Volcanic eruptions can……….
Organisms can change the biosphereOrganisms can change the biosphere
What happens when a beaver dams a What happens when a beaver dams a stream?stream?Make a list of all the things that could Make a list of all the things that could happen.happen.
The biosphere is a very complex networkThe biosphere is a very complex network