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Tutorials | Chapter 2. Structural Tutorial |

2.1. Static Analysis of a Corner Bracket

2.1.1. Problem Specification

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2.1.2. Problem Description

This is a simple, single load step, structural static analysis of the corner angle bracket shown below. The upper left-hand pin hole is

constrained (welded) around its entire circumference, and a tapered pressure load is applied to the bottom of the lower right-hand

pin hole. The objective of the problem is to demonstrate the typical ANSYS analysis procedure. The US Customary system of units

is used.

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465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646

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322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.2.1. Given

The dimensions of the corner bracket are shown in the accompanying figure. The bracket is made of A36 steel with a Young’s

modulus of 30E6 psi and Poisson’s ratio of .27.

2.1.2.2. Approach and Assumptions

Assume plane stress for this analysis. Since the bracket is thin in the z direction (1/2 inch thickness) compared to its x and

dimensions, and since the pressure load acts only in the x-y plane, this is a valid assumption.

Your approach is to use solid modeling to generate the 2-D model and automatically mesh it with nodes and elements.

(Another alternative in ANSYS is to create the nodes and elements directly.)

2.1.2.3. Summary of Steps

Use the information in the problem description and the steps below as a guideline in solving the problem on your own. Or, use the

detailed interactive step-by-step solution by choosing the link for step 1.

Note

If your system includes a Flash player (from

Macromedia, Inc.), you can view

demonstration videos of each step by

pointing your web browser to the followingURL

address:http://www.ansys.com/techmedia/structural_tutorial_vid

eos.html.

Build Geometry

1Define rectangles.

2Change plot controls and replot.

3Change working plane to polar and create first circle.

4Move working plane and create second circle.

5Add areas.

6Create line fillet.

7Create fillet area.8Add areas together.

9Create first pin hole.

10Move working plane and create second pin hole.

11Subtract pin holes from bracket.

12Save the database as model.db.

Define Materials



1Set Preferences.

2Define Material Properties.

3Define element types and options.

4Define real constants.

Generate Mesh

17. Mesh the area.

18. Save the database as mesh.db.

Apply Loads 19. Apply displacement constraints. 20. Apply pressure

load.

Back To TopObtain Solution

21. Solve.

Review Results

1Enter the general postprocessor and read in the results.2Plot the deformed shape.

3Plot the von Mises equivalent stress.

4List the reaction solution.5Exit the ANSYS program.

2.1.3. Build Geometry

This is the beginning of Preprocessing.

2.1.3.1. Step 1: Define rectangles.

There are several ways to create the model geometry within

ANSYS, some more convenient than others. The first step is

to recognize that you can construct the bracket easily with

combinations of rectangles and circle Primitives.

Decide where the origin will be located and then define the

rectangle and circle primitives relative to that origin. The

location of the origin is arbitrary. Here, use the center of the

upper left-hand hole. ANSYS does not need to know where the

origin is. Simply begin by defining a rectangle relative to that

location. In ANSYS, this origin is called the global origin.1Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>

Rectangle> By Dimensions

2Enter the following:

X1 = 0

(Note: Press the Tab key betweenentries)

X2 = 6

Y1 = -1

Y2 = 1

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0000000000000000000000000000000000116370727

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0000

13. Apply to create the first


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rectangle.

Enter the following: X1 = 4 X2 = 6 Y1 = -1

OK to create the second rectangle and close the dialog box.

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00000


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00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

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2.1.3.2. Step 2: Change plot controls and replot.

The area plot shows both rectangles, which are areas, in the

same color. To more clearly distinguish between areas, turn on

area numbers and colors. The "Plot Numbering Controls" dialog

box on the Utility Menu controls how items are displayed in theGraphics Window. By default, a "replot" is automatically

performed upon execution of the dialog box. The replot

operation will repeat the last plotting operation that occurred (inthis case, an area plot).

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35f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7

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534654000000004945432073524742000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000116370727400000150000000336

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00022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e6400000

5400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f800000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c7

5452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545

430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f7079726967687

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436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422

49454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735

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00000000000000000000000000000000

memory to the ANSYS database. Tosave thatdatabase to a file, use the SAVE operation,

available as a tool on the Toolbar. ANSYS

names the database file using the format jobname.db. If you started ANSYS using the

product launcher, you can specify a jobname at

that point (the default jobname is file). You cancheck the current jobname at any time by

choosing Utility Menu> List> Status> Global

Status. You can also save the database at

specific milestone points in the analysis(suchas after the model is complete, orafter themodel is meshed) bychoosing Utility Menu>

File> Save As and specifying different

jobnames (model.db, or mesh.db, etc.).

It is important to do an occasional save so thatif you make a mistake, you can restore the

model from the last saved state. You restore



the model using the RESUME operation, also

available on the Toolbar. (Youcan also find

SAVE and RESUMEon the Utility Menu,

under File.)

4. Toolbar: SAVE_DB.

2.1.3.3. Step 3: Change working plane to polar andcreate first circle.

The next step in the model construction is to create the half

circle at each end of the bracket. You will actually create a full

circle on each end and then combine the circles and rectangles

with a Boolean "add" operation (discussed in step 5.). To create

the circles, you will use and display the working plane. You

could have shown the working plane as you created the

rectangles but it was not necessary.

Before you begin however, first "zoom out" within the

Graphics Window so you can see more of the circles as you

create them. You do this using the "Pan-Zoom-Rotate" dialog box, a convenient graphics control box you’ll use often in any

ANSYS session.

1Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Pan, Zoom, Rotate

2Click on small dot once to zoom out.

3Close dialog box.

4Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle

on)


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Notice the working plane origin is immediatelyplotted in the Graphics Window. It is indicatedby the WX and WY symbols; right nowcoincident with the global origin X and Ysymbols. Next you will change the WP type topolar, change the snap increment, anddisplay the grid.

61Utility Menu> WorkPlane> WP Settings

2Click on Polar.

3Click on Grid and Triad.

4Enter .1 for snap increment.5OK to define settings and close the dialog box.

6Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>

Circle> Solid Circle

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00000


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00000


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0000

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Be sure to read prompt before picking.

81. 11. Pick center point at:

9 WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window shown below) WP Y = 02Move mouse to radius of 1 and click left button to create circle.3OK to close picking menu.

4Toolbar: SAVE_DB.

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000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c67545

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000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000

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6


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0000

7 Note

8While you are positioning the cursor for picking, the

"dynamic" WP X and Y values are displayed in the

Solid Circular Area dialog box. Also, as an alternative

to picking, you can type these values along with the

radius into the dialog box.

2.1.3.4. Step 4: Move working plane and create second

circle.To create the circle at the other end of the bracket in the same

manner, you need to first move the working plane to the origin

of the circle. The simplest way to do this without entering

number offsets is to move the WP to an average keypoint

location by picking the keypoints at the bottom corners of thlower, right rectangle.

1Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Offset WP to> Keypoints

2Pick keypoint at lower left corner of rectangle.

3Pick keypoint at lower right of rectangle.

4OK to close picking menu.5Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>


6Pick center point at: WP X = 0 WP Y = 0

7Move mouse to radius of 1 and click left button to create circle

8OK to close picking menu.

9Toolbar: SAVE_DB.10



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00000

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0000112.1.3.5. Step 5: Add areas.

Now that the appropriate pieces of the model are defined

(rectangles and circles), you need to add them together so the

model becomes one continuous piece. You do this with the

Boolean add operation for areas.

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00000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.3.6. Step 6: Create line fillet.

1Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Numbering

2Turn on line numbering.3OK to change controls, close


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00000

the dialog box, and automatically replot.


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0000

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00004. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane

(toggle off)

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000006. Pick lines 17 and 8.

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00000

1OK to finish picking lines (in picking menu).

2Enter .4 as the radius.

3OK to create line fillet and close the dialog box.4Utility Menu> Plot> Lines


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00000


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0000


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0000

2.1.3.7. Step 7: Create fillet area.

1Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Pan, Zoom, Rotate

2Click on Zoom button.

3Move mouse to fillet region, click left button, move mouse out

and click again.


Arbitrary> By Lines

5Pick lines 4, 5, and 1.

6OK to create area and close the picking menu.

7Click on Fit button.8Close the Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box.

9Utility Menu> Plot> Areas


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00000

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0000




00000


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0000



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00000

10. Toolbar: SAVE_DB.

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00000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.3.8. Step 8: Add areas together.

1Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate>

Booleans> Add> Areas

2Pick All for all areas to be added.

3Toolbar: SAVE_DB.

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0000





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00000

2.1.3.9. Step 9: Create first pin hole.

1Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggleon)2Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>


3Pick center point at:WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window) WP Y =

0

4Move mouse to radius of .4 (shown in the picking menu) andclick left button to create circle.


67 ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c584943435f50524f46494c450001010000

0c484c696e6f021000006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a00000240000000146

46d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000

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82.1.3.10. Step 10: Move working plane and create

second pin hole.1Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Offset WP to> Global Origin



3Pick center point at: WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window) WP Y =

0

4Move mouse to radius of .4 (shown in the picking menu) and

click left mouse button to create circle.


6Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle

off)

7Utility Menu> Plot> Replot

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000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747


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9From this area plot, it appears that one of the pin hole areasis not there. However, it is there (as indicated by the

presence of its lines), you just can't see it in the final display

of the screen. That is because the bracket area is drawn on

top of it. An easy way to see all areas is to plot the lines

instead.

1Utility Menu> Plot> Lines

2Toolbar: SAVE_DB.

3ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000


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42.1.3.11. Step 11: Subtract pin holes from bracket.

1Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate>

Booleans> Subtract> Areas

2Pick bracket as base area from which to subtract.

3Apply (in picking menu).

4Pick both pin holes as areas to be subtracted.




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5. OK to subtract holes and close picking menu.

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2.1.3.12. Step 12: Save the database as model.db.

At this point, you will save the database to a named file -- a

name that represents the model before meshing. If you decide to

go back and remesh, you'll need to resume this database file.

You will save it as model.db.

1Utility Menu> File> Save As

2Enter model.db for the database file name.

3OK to save and close dialog box.

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00000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.4. Define Materials

2.1.4.1. Step 13: Set preferences.

In preparation for defining materials, you will set preferences so



that only materials that pertain to a structural analysis are

available for you to choose.

To set preferences:

1Main Menu>

Preferences

2Turn onstructural filtering. The options may differ from what is

shown heresince they depend on the

ANSYS product

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you are using.

3. OK to applyfiltering and close the dialog


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box.

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dialog box.


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6. Material> Exit


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000002.1.4.3. Step 15: Define element types and options.

In any analysis, you need to select from a library of element

types and define the appropriate ones for your analysis.

For this analysis, you will use only one element type, PLANE82,

which is a 2-D, quadratic, structural, higher-order element. The

choice of a higher-order element here allows you to have a

coarser mesh than with lower-order elements while still

maintaining solution accuracy. Also, ANSYS will generate som

triangle shaped elements in the mesh that would otherwise be

inaccurate if you used lower-order elements (PLANE42). You

will need to specify plane stress with thickness as an option for

PLANE82. (You will define the thickness as a real constant in

the next step.)

1Main Menu> Preprocessor>

Element Type>

Add/Edit/Delete

2Add an element type.

3. Structural solid family of



0000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004


elements. 4. Choose the 8-node quad


074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40

0000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524

7422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

(PLANE82). 5. OK to apply the element type


5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4



850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004

300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

and close the dialog box. 6.Options for


346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40

0000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c67545


PLANE82 are to be defined.

1. 7. Choose plane stress withthickness option for elementffd8ffe000104a46494600010201004800480000ffe20c58494343

5f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e747

25247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5

3465400000000494543207352474200000000000000000000000

00000f6d6000100000000d32d485020200000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000011637072740000015000000033646

57363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a000

0022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025

400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c00

0008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f800000046d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c72452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c6254524

30000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420

36f6d70616e79000064657363000000000000001273524742204

9454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000127352

7422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000 behavior.3OK to specify options and close the optionsdialog box.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201004800480000


074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742



02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524

7422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

9. Close the element type dialog


00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40


00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

box.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201005f005f0000ffe20c58494343

5f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e747

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00000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000011637072740000015000000033646

57363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707

400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a000

0022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64000002

400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c00

0008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000

46d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c72

452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545230000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b6172642036f6d70616e7900006465736300000000000000127352474220

9454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000127352

7422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000


000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a000002400000001464

6d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201005f005f0000ff e20c584943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c

484c696e6f021000006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d53465400000000494543207352474200000000000



00000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c777470


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2863292031393938204865776c6574742d50616

36b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000

ffe20c584943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7472524742205859

5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4

850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001

500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40

0000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.4.4. Step 16: Define real constants.

For this analysis, since the assumption is plane stress with

thickness, you will enter the thickness as a real constant for PLANE82. To find out more information about PLANE82, you

will use the ANSYS Help System in this step by clicking on a

Help button from within a dialog box.

1Main Menu>

Preprocessor> Real

Constants>Add/Edit/Delete

2Add a real constant set.

3OK for PLANE82.

4ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201004800480000

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


ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201004800480000



ffe20c584943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7472524742205859

5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4

850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f80000001

46d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004

300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000

080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524

7422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

Before clicking on the Help button in the nextstep, you should be aware that the help

information may appear in the same window as

this tutorial, replacing the contents of the tutorial.After reading the help information, click on the

Back button to return to this tutorial. If the help

information appears in a separate window from

the tutorial, minimize or close the help windowafter you read the help information.

14. Help to get help on

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


PLANE82.

Hold left mouse button down to scroll through element

description.If the help information replaced the tutorial, click on the Back

button to return to the tutorial.

Enter .5 for THK.

1. 8. OK to define the real

constant and close the dialog box.

2Close the real constant dialog box.


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850202000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

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000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

00000


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850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40


02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061

636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000


5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4

850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

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02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000


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850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

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000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000



00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000


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850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

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02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936

362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000

2.1.5. Generate Mesh

2.1.5.1. Step 17: Mesh the area.

One nice feature of the ANSYS program is that you can

automatically mesh the model without specifying any mesh size

controls. This is using what is called a default mesh. If you’re

not sure how to determine the mesh density, let ANSYS try it

first! Meshing this model with a default mesh however,

generates more elements than are allowed in the ANSYS ED

program. Instead you will specify a global element size to

control overall mesh density.

1Main Menu>

Preprocessor> Meshing>Mesh Tool

2Set Global Size control.

3Type in 0.5.

4OK.

5Choose Area Meshing.

6Click on Mesh.

7Pick All for the area to be meshed (in picking menu). Close an

warning messages that appear.8Close the Mesh Tool.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201004800480000

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636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936

362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000


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850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40



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00000

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00000


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0000


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000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000


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000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000


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000000000000000000000001163707274000001




300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

Note

The mesh you see on your screen may vary slightly

from the mesh shown here. As a result of this, you maysee slightly different results during postprocessing. For

a discussion of results accuracy, see Planning Your

Approach in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.

2.1.5.2. Step 18: Save the database as mesh.db.

Here again, you will save the database to a named file, this time

mesh.db.

1Utility Menu> File> Save as

2Enter mesh.db for database file name.

3OK to save file and close dialog box.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c5849434

35f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7

725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704

534654000000004945432073524742000000000000000000000

000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000116370727400000150000000336

657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7

7400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0

00022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64000005400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0

00008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f800000

146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c7

5452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545

430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f7079726967687

202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b6172642

436f6d70616e79000064657363000000000000001273524742249454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735

47422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000



00000000000000000000000000000000

2.1.6. Apply Loads

The beginning of the solution phase.

A new, static analysis is the default, so you will not need tospecify analysis type for this problem. Also, there are no

analysis options for this problem.

2.1.6.1. Step 19: Apply displacement constraints.

You can apply displacement constraints directly to lines.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c5849434

35f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e74

725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000

000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000116370727400000150000000336

657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7

7400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0

00022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e6400000

5400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f800000

146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c75452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545

430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f7079726967687

202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b6172642

436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422

49454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735

47422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000

00000000000000000000000000000000

1Enter 0 for zero displacement.6. OK to apply constraints and close


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00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

dialog box.Utility Menu> Plot Lines

Toolbar: SAVE_DB.


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000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

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0000

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00000

2.1.6.2. Step 20: Apply pressure load.

Now apply the tapered pressure load to the bottom, right-hand

pin hole. ("Tapered" here means varying linearly.) Note thatwhen a circle is created in ANSYS, four lines define the

perimeter. Therefore, apply the pressure to two lines making upthe lower half of the circle. Since the pressure tapers from a

maximum value (500 psi) at the bottom of the circle to a

minimum value (50 psi) at the sides, apply pressure in two

separate steps, with reverse tapering values for each line.

The ANSYS convention for pressure loading is that a positive

load value represents pressure into the surface (compressive).

1Main Menu> Solution> Define Loads> Apply> Structural>

Pressure> On Lines2Pick line defining bottom left part ofthe circle (line 6).

3Apply.

4Enter 50 for VALUE.

5Enter 500 for optional value.

6Apply.

7Pick line defining bottom right part of circle (line 7).

8Apply.

9Enter 500 for VALUE.

10Enter 50 for optional value.

11OK.

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00000


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00000

2.1.7. Obtain Solution

2.1.7.1. Step 21: Solve.

1Main Menu> Solution> Solve> Current LS

1. 2. Review the information in the status window,

then choose File> Close (Windows), or Close

(X11/Motif), to close the

2. window.23. OK to begin the solution.

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5a0000024000000014646d6e640000

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0000002.3.


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00000

Choose Yes to any Verify messages that appear.

4. 4. Close the information window when solution is

5.done.


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6.ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000

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0000

ANSYS stores the results of this one load step problem in the

database and in the results file, Jobname.RST (or Jobname.RTH

for thermal, Jobname.RMG for magnetic, and Jobname.RFL for

fluid analyses). The database can actually contain only one set o

results at any given time, so in a multiple load step or multiplesubstep analysis, ANSYS stores only the final solution in thedatabase. ANSYS stores all solutions in the results file.

2.1.8. Review Results

The beginning of the postprocessing phase.

Note



The results you see may vary slightly from what isshown here due to variations in the mesh.

2.1.8.1. Step 22: Enter the general postprocessor and

read in the results.

1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Read Results> Firs

Set

2.1.8.2. Step 23: Plot the deformed shape.

1Main Menu> General Postproc> Plot Results> Deformed

Shape2Choose Def + undeformed.

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5 3. OK.

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0000

You can also produce an animated version of thedeformed shape:

71Utility Menu> Plot Ctrls> Animate> Deformed Shape

2Choose Def + undeformed.3OK.

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0000

2.1.8.3. Step 24: Plot the von Mises equivalent stress.

1Main Menu> General Postproc> Plot Results> Contour

Plot> Nodal Solu

2Choose Stress item to becontoured.3Scroll down and choose von

Mises (SEQV).

4OK.

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00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000





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00000

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6362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000


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

00000

You can also produce an animated versionof these results:

71Utility Menu> Plot Ctrls> Animate> Deformed Results

2Choose Stress item to be contoured.3Scroll down and choose von Mises (SEQV).

4OK.

8


500000003364657363000001840000006c77747




080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524

7422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000


5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4

850202000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f80000001

46d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936

362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000



000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

9ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201005f005f0000ff

e20c584943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d53

46540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646

d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452


0000




5a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000

000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b7074000002040000

00147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f80000001

46d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742

02863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630

000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

00000

2.1.8.4. Step 25: List reaction solution.

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c58

4943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f0210

00006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce000200090006003

10000616373704d53465400000000494543207352474200

00000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d4

85020200000000000000000000000000000000000000000

00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

00000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400000

204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a0000

022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64000

0025400000070646d6464000002c4000000887675656400

00034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d690

00003f8000000146d6561730000040c0000002474656368

000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c6754524

30000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c746578

7400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e79

0006465736300000000000000127352474220494543363

3936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422

049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000


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

00000

The value of 134.61 is comparable to the total pin load force.

Note

The values shown are representative and may vary from

the values you obtain.

There are many other options available for reviewing

results in the general postprocessor. You’ll see some of

these demonstrated in other tutorials. You have finished

the analysis. Exit the program in the next step.

2.1.8.5. Step 26: Exit the ANSYS program.

When exiting the ANSYS program, you can save the geometry



and loads portions of the database (default), save geometry,

loads, and solution data (one set of results only), save geometry,

loads, solution data, and postprocessing data (i.e., save

everything), or save nothing. You can save nothing here, but you

should be sure to use one of the other save options if you want to

keep the ANSYS data files.


725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d

5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000000000000

000000f6d6000100000000d32d48502020000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364

657363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b70

7400000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a00

00022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64000002

5400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000

146d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c72

5452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545

430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f7079726967687

202863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b6172642

436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422

49454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735

47422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000

00000000000000000000000000000000

Congratulations! You have completed this tutorial.

Even though you have exited the ANSYS program, you can

still view animations using the ANSYS ANIMATE program.

The ANIMATE program runs only on the PC and is extremely

useful for:

z

Viewing ANSYS animations on a PC regardless owhether the files were created on a PC (AVI files) or o

a UNIX workstation (ANIM files).

Converting ANIM files to AVI files.

z z

Sending animations over the web.

plane stress bracket tut

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