plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji · 2018. 1. 4. · kata penganta r puji sy ukur pe nulis...

ISAVITOM NAD NANIPMIMEPEK AYAG HURAGNEPNAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET

saK idutS TP aluG kirbaP nawayraK adap su atrakaygoY lutnaB urabudaM .

ISPIRKS

raleG helorepmeM tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nemejanaM idutS margorP imonokE anajraS

:helO namrairA sunailrahC

100412260 : MIN

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVNU ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

ISAVITOM NAD NANIPMIMEPEK AYAG HURAGNEPNAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET

aluG kirbaP nawayraK adap susaK idutS atrakaygoY lutnaB urabudaM . TP

ISPIRKS

raleG helorepmeM tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nemejanaM idutS margorP imonokE anajraS

:helO namrairA sunailrahC

100412260 : MIN

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP E SATLUKAF IMONOK

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVNU ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

ottoM

“ atik saguT .lisahreb kutnu halnakub atik saguT anerak ,abocnem kutnu halada

abocnem maladid nugnabmem rajaleb nad nakumenem atik haluti natapmesek

lisahreb kutnu ”

“ b gnay tukat gnaro aynaH anerak ,inareb asi nakukalem halada nainarebek

gnay utauses aynitukatid ”

)hugeT oiraM(

adapek nakhabmesrepid ini ispirkS atnicret gnay agraulekeS amaM nad kapaB

aynnaitahreP nad atniC alageS naharuC satA


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

E SATLUKAF IMONOK NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

SILUT AYRAK NAHILSAEK NAATAYNREP

natreb gnaY d :luduj nagned ispirkS awhab nakataynem ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat a

ISAVITOM NAD NANIPMIMEPEK AYAG HURAGNEP

NAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET adap susaK idutS nawayraK TP aluG kirbaP . lutnaB urabudaM atrakaygoY

D laggnat adap ijuid kutnu nakujaid na iraurbeF 32 2102 ayas ayrak lisah halada

ini ispirks malad awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayas ,ini nagneD

al gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nahurulesek tapadret kadit libma ayas gnay ni gnay lobmis uata tamilak naiakgnar malad urinem uata ,nilaynem arac nagned ayas gnay nial silunep irad narikimep atres tapadnep uata nasagag nakkujnunem

haloes iuka - uata naigab tapadret kadit uata nad ,iridnes ayas nasilut iagabes halok rad libma ayas uata urit ayas ,nilas ayas gnay nasilut nahurulese gnaro nasilut i

ebmem apnat nial silunep adap )isnerefer malad naktubesid( naukagnep nakir.aynilsa

nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret irah naidumekid aliBreb ayas akam ,tubesret hasaji ,nakrugugid ini ispirks utiay isknas amirenem aides

kimedaka raleg nad amrahD atanaS satisrevinU nanipmip adapek nakilabmekid iauses sesorpid aidesreb nakulrepid alib atres naklatabid ).E.S( helorep ayas gnay

gnadnurep naruta nagned - eb gnay nagnadnu lasap ,3002 nuhaT 02 oN UU( ukalr.)07 lasap nad 52

,atrakaygoY iraurbeF 92 2102 naataynrep taubmem gnaY

namrairA sunailrahC 100412260 :MIN


iv

HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnitnepekreb gnaY

amaN : hC namrairA sunailra

awsisahaM romoN : 100412260

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

:ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

PADAHRET ISAVITOM NAD NANIPMIMEPEK AYAG HURAGNEP

NAWAYRAK AJRENIK

susaK idutS atrakaygoY lutnaB urabudaM .TP aluG kirbaP nawayraK adap

nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseb

,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek

lad aynalolegnem ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem nalakgnap kutneb ma

tenretni id aynnakisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces aynnakisubirtsidnem ,atad

ayas irad nizi atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata

iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem amales ayas adapek itlayor irebmem nupuam

silunep .

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

2102 iraurbeF 92 : laggnat adaP

nakataynem gnaY

)namrairA sunailrahC(


iiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK

takreb anerak ,asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adapek naktajnap silunep rukuys ijuP

hisak nad - ayN “ luduj nagned ini ispirkS nakiaseleynem tapad silunep huragneP

nawayraK ajreniK padahreT isavitoM nad nanipmimepeK ayaG adap idutS .

silutid ini ispirkS .atrakaygoY ,lutnaB omsikudaM/urabudaM .TP nawayraK

epmem kutnu tarays utas halas ihunemem akgnar malad anajraS raleg helor

imonokE satlukaF nemejanaM nasuruJ nemejanaM idutS margorP adap imonokE

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU nasilunep awhab iradaynem siluneP

kadit gnay kahip iagabreb nautnab nad nagnibmib irad sapelret kadit ini ispirks

silunep asib silunep naknanekrep ini natapmesek adap nad ,utasrep utas naktubes

: adapek hiskamiret nakpacugnem

.1 .amrahD atanaS satisrevinU rotkeR ukales .J.S,.P onoyriW .P .rI .rD omoR

.2 satlukaF nakeD ukales AIQ,.tkA,.iS.M ,onoyidrapuS .P.Y .srD kapaB

tisrevinU imonokE amrahD atanaS sa .

.3 idutS margorP auteK ukales ,.A.B.M,.E.S ,onomdaydiW idraM .V kapaB

nemejanaM amrahD atanaS satisrevinU .

.4 kapaB .B.M,idatuS .hT .srD halet gnay I gnibmibmep nesod ukales .A

.itah hunepes nagned silunep nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem ,utnabmem

.5 aB kap .S.M ,onoggnawirT .A .srD II gnibmibmeP nesod ukales halet gnay

,itah hunepes nagned silunep nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem ,utnabmem

.kiab hibel idajnem ini ispirks aggnihes


iiiv

.6 imonokE satlukaF rajagnep fatS nad nesoD ubI ,kapaB panegeS margorP

aM idutS atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP ,AAB ,nawayraK ,nemejan

.ayas adapek nauhategnep umli lakeb nakirebmem halet gnay amrahD

.7 hisak ,atnic sata inrA irS anitsuY ubI nad rudnuM sudnumyaR kapaB

inaY atnicret kida atreS .aynaod nad gnayas - satA sohJ nad oniR ineY

d aynnagnuku

.8 namet nad tabahaS - ,aynsusuhk nagnaujrepes namet natakgnA nemejanaM

,6002 tapad kadit gnay kahip aumes atres silunep utasrep utas naktubes ,

utnabmem halet gnay gnisam aynarac nagned - gnisam nasilunep malad

ini ispirks .

irks awhab iradaynem siluneP helo ,nagnarukek kaynab hisam ini isp

anug acabmep irad naras nad kitirk nakparahgnem silunep uti anerak

idajnem tapad nad taafnamreb ini ispirks agomeS .ini ispirks nakanrupmeynem

naker igab nakusam nahab - .ispirks nusuynem malad naker

,atrakaygoY iraurbeF 92 2102

siluneP

ailrahC namrairA sun


xi

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .................. i

NAMALAH GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP ................................ ........... ii

NAMALAH NAHASEGNEP ................................ ................................ ..... iii

NAMALAH NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM ................................ .......... vi

NAMALAH SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ...................... v

NAMALAH ISAKILBUP NAATAYNREP ILUT AYRAK S ..................... vi

RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ............................ v ii

ISI RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ......... xi

LEBAT RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .. ix

RATFAD NAMALAH NARIPMAL ................................ .......................... x ii

RATFAD NAMALAH RABMAG ................................ ............................. x iii

KARTSBA NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............. x vi

NAMALAH TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ............ vx

NAULUHADNEP I BAB

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ................................ ................................ . 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ................................ ................................ ........... 4

.C saM nasataB hala ................................ ................................ ............. 4

.D naitileneP naujuT ................................ ................................ ............ 5

.E naitileneP taafnaM ................................ ................................ .......... 5

.F naitileneP akitametsiS ................................ ................................ ..... 6

AKATSUP NAIJAK II BAB

.A iroeT nasadnaL ................................ ................................ ................ 8

.B P aynmulebeS naitilene ................................ ................................ .... 73

.C naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK ................................ ..................... 04

.D sisetopiH ................................ ................................ ......................... 14

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB

.A naitileneP sineJ ................................ ................................ ................ 34

.B keybO nad keybuS naitileneP ................................ ......................... 44

.C isakoL nad utkaW tileneP nai ................................ .......................... 44

.D lebairaV tileneP nai ................................ ................................ .......... 44


x

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD ................................ ................................ ....... 54

.F lepmaS nad isalupoP ................................ ................................ ....... 74

.G keT kin lepmaS nalibmagneP ................................ .......................... 94

.H ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ................................ .............................. 05

.I emurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT n ................................ ........................... 15

.J kinkeT sisilanA ataD ................................ ................................ ....... 35

.K kisalK ismusA ijU ................................ ................................ ........... 35

.L F ijU ................................ ................................ ................................ 75

.M t ijU ................................ ................................ ................................ . 85

VI BAB NAIILENEP ISAKOL MUMU NARABMAG

.A naahasureP harajeS ................................ ................................ ............ 06 .B kirbaP kateL ................................ ................................ ............................ 26

.C isasinagrO rutkurtS ................................ ................................ ..... 36

.D ailanosreP ................................ ................................ ................... 66

.E naahasurep isapisitraP ................................ ................................ . 07

BAB V NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

.1 ataD sisilanA nad ataD ispirkseD ................................ ................... 17

.2 saH nasahabmeP nad kitsitatS ijU li ................................ ................ 87

BAB VI NASATABRETEK NAD NARAS ,NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ..................... 29

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ............................... 29

.C nasatabreteK naitileneP ................................ ................................ ... 39

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ......................... 59

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 79


ix

LEBAT RATFAD luduJ lebaT namalaH

.VI lebaT nawayrak halmuJ 1 ................................ ................................ .... 76

nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nawayraK nednopseR kitsiretaraK 1.V lebaT 17

nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nanipmiP nednopseR kitsiretaraK 2.V lebaT 27

opseR kitsiretaraK 3.V lebaT aisU nakrasadreB nawayraK nedn ............... 27

aisU nakrasadreB nanipmiP nednopseR kitsiretaraK 4.V lebaT ................ 37

nakididneP nakrasadreB nanipmiP nednopseR kitsiretaraK 5.V lebaT ..... 37

nakididneP nakrasadreB nawayraK nednopseR kitsiretaraK 6.V lebaT .... 47

retaraK 7.V lebaT ajrekeb amaL nakrasadreB nawayraK nednopseR kitsi . 57

ajrekeb amaL nakrasadreB nanipmiP nednopseR kitsiretaraK 8.V lebaT .. 57

naigaB nakrasadreB nawayraK nednopseR kitsiretaraK 9.V lebaT ........... 67

naigaB nakrasadreB nanipmiP nednopseR kitsiretaraK 01.V lebaT .......... 77

satidilaV ijU lisaH 11.V lebaT ................................ ................................ . 97

satidilaV ijU lisaH 21.V lebaT ................................ ................................ . 08

satilibaileR ijU lisaH 31.V lebaT ................................ ............................. 18

41.V lebaT adnagreB reiniL isergeR isamitsE lisaH ................................ . 28

satilamroN ijU lisaH 51.V lebaT ................................ .............................. 58

F isubirtsiD lebaT 61.V lebaT ................................ ................................ .. 421

lebaT 71.V lebaT eroK )r( tnemoM tcudorP isal ................................ ....... 621

lebaT 81.V lebaT t isubirtsiD ................................ ................................ ... 821


iix

NARIPMAL RATFAD

naripmaL romoN luduJ namalaH

1 naripmaL budaM .TP irad naitilenep nizI taruS 89…………omsikudaM/ura

2 naripmaL renoiseuK 001…………………………………………..naitileneP

naripmaL 3 sah atad isalutipakeR lisaH 901......…………nawayrak nabawaj li

naripmaL 4 nad satidilaV ijU 711.....………………………………satilibaileR

naripmaL 5 lK ismusA 121....………………………………………………kisa

6 naripmaL ………………………F ijU lebaT … 021.…………………………


iiix

RABMAG RATFAD

luduJ rabmaG namalaH

.II I naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK …………………………………… … 04

I.VI asinagrO rutkurtS …………………………………………………is … 36

1.V tolprettacS ...………………………………………………………… .. . 48


vix

KARTSBA

PADAHRET ISAVITOM NAD NANIPMIMEPEK AYAG HURAGNEPNAWAYRAK AJRENIK

lutnaB urabudaM . TP aluG kirbaP nawayraK adap susaK idutSatrakaygoY

namrairA sunailrahC amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 2102

itileneP natlumis araces huragnep iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb ini na kutnu nad nawayrak ajrenik padahret isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag

uhategnem i padahret isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag laisrap araces huragnepiay nalub 1 amales nakukalid ini naitileneP .nawayrak ajrenik 02 adap ut

malad nakanugid gnay isalupoP .1102 rebmeseD 02 iapmas rebmevoN ikilimem kadit ilakes amas gnay nahawab nawayrak halada ini naitilenep .TP patet nawayrak nakapurem nad aynnaajrekep malad natabaj utaus

libmaid gnay lepmas halmuJ .lutnaB urabudaM .nednopser 89 kaynabes kinket nakanuggnem lepmas nalibmagneP modnaR deifitartS etanoitroporP

gnilpmaS reinil iserger sisilana halada nakanugid gnay atad sisilana kinkeT .kisalk ismusa iju ,adnagreb nakukalid atad nalupmugneP .t iju nad F iju ,

oiseuk nagned nagned atad sisilana lisah nakrasadreB .isatnemukod nad ren iagabes naklupmisid tapad ini naitilenep lisah ,0.61 SSPS margorp nautnab lebairav iserger neisifeok helorepid iserger sisilana lisaH :tukireb

k padahret fitisop huragnepreb isavitom ,nanipmimepek .nawayrak ajreni isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag awhab nakkujnunem aguj naitilenep lisaH ajrenik padahret fitisop huragnepreb laisrap araces nad natlumis araces

.nawayrak


vx

TCARTSBA

NOITAVITOM DNA ELYTS PIHSREDAEL EHT FO TCEFFE EHTLPME EHT DRAWOT ECNAMROFREP S’EEYO

ta yduts esaC M raguS i ll lutnaB urabudaM .TP , atrakaygoY

namrairA sunailrahC amrahD atanaS ytisrevinU

atrakaygoY 2102

fo elyts eht yllaitrap dna ylsuoenatlumis wonk ot demia hcraeser sihTs’eeyolpme drawot noitavitom dna pihsredael hcraeser sihT .ecnamrofrep

,rebmevoN morf ,htnom eno rof dleh saw ehT .1102 ,02 ,rebmeceD ot pu 02 evah ton od hcihw seeyolpme rewol eht saw hcraeser siht ni desu noitalupop ehT .lutnaB urabudaM .TP fo seeyolpme tnenamrep era dna noitisop yek a

fo rebmun yb nekat saw elpmas ehT .stnednopser 89 saw nekat elpmas atad ehT .euqinhcet gnilpmas modnar deifitarts etanoitroporp gnisu

noisserger raenil elbuod saw desu euqinhcet lacitylana ,sisylana cissalc eht fo noitcelloc ehT .tset t dna tset F ,tset noitpmussa detcudnoc saw atad

eht sisylana atad fo tluser eht no desaB .noitatnemucod dna eriannoitseuq yb tceffe evitisop a dah noitavitom dna pihsredael taht dedulcnoc hcraeser dewohs osla hcraeser siht fo tluser ehT .ecnamrofrep s’eeyolpme eht drawot

dael eht taht yllaitrap htob ,tceffe evitisop a dah noitavitom dna elyts pihsre.ecnamrofrep s’eeyolpme eht drawot ,ylsuoenatlumis dna


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

isautis nagned igalapa sinsib ainud malad gniasreb tapad kutnU

,gnarab nagned pais surah naahasurep utaus ,tilus tagnas gnay naimonokerep

nakapurem aisunam ayad rebmuS .satilaukreb gnay ayad rebmus nad asaj

s tessa .natujnalekreb araces gniasreb naluggnuek nakatpicnem malad sigetart

ladom aynaidesret ,isamrofni ayngnabmekreb ,igolonket aynujam nupapateB

gnay aisunam ayad rebmus apnat numan ,iadamem gnay ukab nahab nad

kutnu isasinagro igab tilus naka akam satilaukreb rebmuS .naujut iapacnem

aisunam ayad rebmus anerak ,nakutnenem nad gnitnep gnilap aisunam ayad

utas nakapurem - ,naasarep ,laka ikilimem gnay ayad rebmus aynutas

rebmus isnetop aumeS .nauhategnep ,nalipmaretek ,naupmamek ,nanigniek

nas tubesret aisunam ayad malad isasinagro ayapu padahret huragnepreb tag

.aynnaujut iapacnem

ayad rebmus nemejanam awhab naklupmiynem tapad sataid naiaru iraD

rejanam araP ,naahasurep utaus igab gnitnep tesa nakapurem aisunam

naujut iapacnem - narutagnep iulalem aynisasinagro naujut gnaro - nial gnaro

atak nagned uata ,nakulrepid gnay naajrekep iagabreb nakanaskalem kutnu

naajrekep nakukalem kadit nagned nial - ,okodnaH( iridnes uti naajrekep

.)3:5991


2

rebmus lamitpo naanuggnep adap radnasreb naahasurep aynrasad adaP

ad aynaisunam ayad asaj anuggnep aratna amasajrek naarahilemep n

( reyolpme ( nakajrekepid gnay gnaro nad ) seeyolpme naujut iapacnem malad )

.)34:8002 ,nidurafayS ,iwlA malad( 7991,hgnis naahasurep

udividni ajrenik helo ihuragnepid tagnas isasinagro utaus nalisahrebeK

nnawayrak ahasureb ulales naka naahasurep nupuam isasinagro paiteS .ay

idajnem gnay apa naparah nagned ,nawayrak ajrenik naktakgninem kutnu

helo hupmetid gnay arac utas halaS .iapacret naka naahasurep naujut

ynlasim ,aynnawayrak ajrenik naktakgninem malad naahasurep nagned a

gnabmaB malad( aynnial rotkaf kaynab hisam nad ,isavitom ,nanipmimepeK

.)36:5002 ,nidiraW nad ontiruG

epeK mim nanip m turune hplaR .M lidgotS l usojhaW( m ojdi )32:4991

nakisinifedid iagabes anaras pacnep naia naujut gnay id m nakduska malad

gnubuh na ini ep mimp ni m nakapure gnaroeses y gna mem ikili utaus rp og mar

amasreb araces ukalirepreb gnay nad - as m atoggna nagned a - atoggna

olek m nagned kop m nakanugrepme arac uata ayag ,utnetret aggnihes

epek m nanipmi m iaynupme nanarep iagabes nataukek anid m ki y gna

m ,gnorodne mem nad isavito m nakisanidrookgne isasinagro da al m

iapacnem naujut gnay .nakpatetid halet

alaD m utaus isasinagro uata ,isnatsni epek m nanipmi natiakreb

nagned naharagnep adapek iawagep kutnu m nakukale .naajrekep inI m dajne i

naigab gnitnep alad m em m aha m ukalirep i .ajrek aparebeB naitilenep halet

m naktahilrepme awhab kadit ada utas“ arac kiabret un kut mem nipmi


3

.”nahawab inI gnutnagret adap ep m pmi i .ada gnay isautis nad ,nahawab ,aynn

akapurem aguj isavitom ,nanipmimepek nialeS kutnu icnuk rotkaf utas halas n

.iggnit gnay ajrenik iapacnem nad ajrekeb

( nakareggnem iagabes aguj nakitraid isavitoM gnizigrene ,ukalirep ,)

iaynupmem udividni alibapa lubmit nakareggneM .fitnesni atres naujut nad

fitom utiay ini nanigniek uata kadnehek aynlucnum babes nakapurem nad

naksaumem tapad gnay naujut helo nakaregid halada ukalireP .ukalirep

.)1891 ,notliM( .tubesret nawayrak nanigniek uata kadnehek

naujut akam ,lamitpo gnay nawayrak ajrenik aynada nagneD

ad ,kiab nagned iapacret tapad naahasurep naktakgninep irebmem aynutnet n

ulrep iskudorp naktakgninem kutnU .tubesret naahasurep igab nagnutnuek

aggnihes ,nahitalep ,nakididnep iulalem nawayrak arap ajrenik naktakgnitid

.takgninem tapad ini nawayrak ajrek isatserp

akam sataid halasam nakrasadreB luduj hilimem silunep

ajreniK padahreT isavitoM naD nanipmimepeK ayaG huragneP“

,lutnaB urabudaM TP nawayraK adaP susaK idutS : nawayrak

.”atrakaygoY


4

.B nasumuR halasaM

tapad akam tubesret halasam gnakaleb ratal adap nakrasadreB

sam nasumur nakakumekid :halada hala

.1 huragnepreb natlumis araces isavitom nad nanipmimepek ayag hakapA

?nawayrak ajrenik padahret

.2 huragnepreb laisrap araces isavitom nad nanipmimepek ayag hakapA

?nawayrak ajrenik padahret

.C halasaM nasataB

siluneP m isatabme m halasa ulem kadit raga .ada gnay nahalasamrep aynsa

:halada ini naitilenep malad halasam nasatabmep nupadA

.1 nawayrak halada ini naitilenep malad itiletid naka gnay nednopseR

malad natabaj utaus ikilimem kadit ilakes amas gnay nahawab

.patet nawayrak nakapurem nad aynnaajrekep

.2 eK nanipmip nasalejek utiay ini naitilenep malad itiletid gnay nanipmimep

nakutnenem ,itah nahugetek nad igrene ,hatnirep irebmem malad gnusgnal

irebmem ,okiser nalibmagnep ,gnorodnem nad gnatnanem ,)isiv( naujut

.iagrahid asarem iawagep utnabmem ,isaripsni

.3 utiay ini naitilenep malad itiletid gnay isavitoM isatserp ,huragnep ,ajrek

,nailadnegnep ,nagnutnagretek nasaulrep )nagnabmegnep( nad nailatreP

)isailifa(


5

.4 ajrenik satitnauk utiay ini naitilenep malad itiletid gnay iawagep ajreniK

ajrek satilauk ,iawagep ajrek pakis ,iawagep ajrek isneisife ,iawagep

.iawagep ajrek satilauk radnats ,iawagep

naitileneP naujuT .D

:kutnu halada ini naitilenep naujuT

.1 ,nanipmimepek natlumis araces huragnep iuhategnem kutnU

nawayrak ajrenik padahret isavitom

.2 iuhategnem kutnU isavitom ,nanipmimepek laisrap araces huragnep

nawayrak ajrenik padahret

.E naitileneP taafnaM

.1 naahasureP igaB

tapaD m nakanuggne naitilenep lisah ini iagabes m nakusa nad

narabmag hibel gnay naitahrep nakirebmem raga urabudaM TP adapek

epek padahret kiab tubesret rotkaf audek anerak ,isavitom ,nanipmim

.nawayrak ajrenik padahret huragnep iaynupmem

.2 satisrevinU igaB

nahab iagabes nakanugid tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep irad lisaH

ek nagnabmus nad tujnal hibel naitilenep kutnu nahabmat isnerefer

akatsuprep amrahD atanaS satisrevinU na

.3 itilenep igaB

malad nauhategnep nahabmanep nakapurem ini naitilenep lisaH


6

tapad kutnu nahailukrep amales tapadid gnay umli nakparenem

nanipmimepek ayag gnadib aynsusuhk isasinagro ukalirep iuhategnem

renik padahret isavitom nad .iawagep aj

.F nasiluneP akitametsiS

NAULUHADNEP :1 BAB

,halasaM nasumuR ,halasaM gnakaleB rataL gnatnet isireb ini baB

.nasiluneP akitametsiS nad ,naitileneP naujuT ,halasaM nasataB

IROET NASADNAL :II BAB

iroet gnatnet nakisireb ini baB - gnukudnem gnay iroet nasilunep

halasam padahret sitiroet araces naiaru itupilem gnay ini ispirks

ayag gnatnet halada aynaratnaid nasahab kokop aparebeB .naitilenep

aynmulebes naitilenep ,nawayrak ajrenik nad isavitom ,nanipmimepek

.sisetopih nad rikifreb akgnarek nad

:III BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM

,naitilenep kejbo nad kejbus ,naitilenep sinej gnatnet isireb ini baB

,lanoisarepo isinifed ,naitilenep lebairav ,naitilenep isakol nad utkaw

kinket ,lepmas nalupmugnep kinket ,lepmas nad isalupop

rtsni naijugnep kinket ,atad nalupmugnep sisilana kinket nad nemu

.atad

NAITILENEP KEJBUS MUMU NARABMAG : VI BAB

rutkurts ,kirbap katel ,naahasurep harajes gnatnet isireb ini baB

.ailanosrep nad isasinagro


7

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA : V BAB

ah ,sisilana nad atad ispirksed gnatnet isireb ini baB iju lis

.nasahabmep nad kitsitats

NASATABRETEK NAD NARAS ,NALUPMISEK : IV BAB

.nasatabretek nad naras ,nalupmisek gnatnet isireb ini baB


8

BAB II

AKATSUP NAIJAK

iroeT nasadnaL .A

nanipmimepeK .1

id nanipmimepek naitregnep aparebeb adA .a iagabes halada aynaratna

:tukireb

)1 turuneM Y iku 2( 00 ,)5 kepemimpi an n da alah esorp s tnu u k

memp agne r ihu gnaro ,nial utnu k mem aha mi dan tes uju ned g na a ap

y gna ulrep lid a kuk an nad iagab m ana gut as uti lid ak ku an races a

efek ,fit tres a sesorp tnu u k memfasil ti asi upa ay dividni u dan

k lo ek fit unt ku me acn pai jut uan sreb am .a

)2 Menu ur t nibboR s )6002( , pek emimp ani n m apure kan ek mamp au n

m kutnu emp agne r ihu s utau k le omp ko ek ara h t cre a niap ay s tau u

jut u .na

)3 turuneM iaviR ,)4002( epek mim nanip halada gabes ai sorp e s

meng ra a kh na ad n me nepm g ihura itka vit sa -ak it vitas y gna ada

nubuh g nna y a nagned peke ajr an pa ar toggna a kelom .kop

)4 turuneM igaiS an ( 91 79 ) alirep uk ek ep mi nanipm mem kili i

k nurednece gan dap a ud a ah l yai ut disnok erasi uata h nagnubu

awab nagned h na dan st rutkur ni isiasi uata h isa l y gna

di ac ap .i


9

)5 nareP epek m nanipmi allagallahC( nad Sh ,inavre )6002 halada

ep mim nip uata m rejana gnay isatneroreb natakgninep

ek m naupma sukofreb adap egnep m aretek nagnab m nalip -

aretek m nalip iawagep kutnu me naktakgnin ajrenik satilauk iawagep

turunem nanipmimepek pesnoK .b nacoL( der ,.la.te 2002 ; aY mm ari on et a. ,.l

)3991 :tukireb iagabes utiay nanipmimepek gnatnet pesnok 2 adA .

)1 Ke ep mimpina n rT na rofs m sa io an l

Ke ep mimpin na ofsnart rma lanois ( snart f lanoitamro ael d sre hip)

eb rasadr k na isnirp p nep eg mba gn an bawah na (fo ll owe d r eve ol mp ent).

Pemim ip n ofsnart rm oisa nal m ne eg v la uasi ek mamp au n snetop nad i

ma gnis -ma gnis b awa h na utnu k m ne alaj n nak utaus tu /sag peke ,naajr

sek ugila s ilem hat ek mu nanikgn un kut memp ulre as uggnat gn

awaj b ad ek n wen agna n ahawab n di ma as mend ata n .g eP mimp ni

rt sna formasi ano l mam up m yne akuta n selu hur nahawab nya dan

mampu meng habu key nanika ileb( e ,)sf is kap, dan t ju uan rp iba id

ma gnis -m nisa g awab han demi m ne ac p ia ,naujut ba nakh me al m uap i

ujut an ya gn id t te a kp a .n ssaB te .al )3002( tres a Hum erhp ys (2 )200

m ksalejne an ek mam naup pemimpin ofsnart rma is o an l me ugn b ha

tsis em n ali i bawahan demi m ne jut iapac u na d epi roleh de gn an

me gn em ab alas nakgn h tas u ta au hurules af tk ro y na g mer pu ak na

dim sne i ek ep mi anipm n tr ofsna rma ois n ,la y ia tu : k sira m k( a em naidu

abuid h me jn a id nep g hura i aed l ata u idea il z de infl eu ecn ,)

sni pirasi ( sni pirat noi al mot vi ation), pengemban nag inte tkel ual


01

(in et l cel t lau stimula noit ), nad p irp naitahre b ( ida ni di laudiv iz de

co isn d tare i no .)

edI la ized in eulf nce me urun t sorraS nad Sant aro )1002(

me kapur a n ep rila uk ( heb av oi r) ya gn be ur paya me norodn g awab h na

un ut k m ne jad p naki emimpin mereka es bagai p una tan ( or le edom l .)

ripsnI at noi al motivati no m turune uH mp syerh )2002(

kutnebreb kom nu ik sa i abrev l uata uggnep n aa n sim ob l-simb lo y gna

id t uju k na kutnu mem uca es mang ta .nahawab Pemimpin

memo vit a is baw aha n akan ar gnitnep it visi ad n mi is ro nag isasi

sehi gn ga hurules awab hannya terd ro o gn kutnu mem li i ik isiv ya gn

as ma Ke as m naa visi mem uca bawahan kutnu eb k ajre mas a

me cn ap ia jut u na naj g ak pan naj g ned g na itpo m .si eS h ni g ag

pemimp ni kadit as ja memb gna k ti k na sema agn t indiv udi at ip uj ga

sema t tagn im ( saB s te al ,. 2 .)300

ssaB et.al 3002( ) atres sorraS ad n Sant aro ( )1002

nadnapreb g na hab aw ni et lautcell s it m alu t noi pada npisnirp ay

memacu awab h na un el kut bih kr fitae nad oni vat fi d la ma

mema ah mi ad n mem hace kan m sa ala h aB . wah na id gnorod untuk

m ne gni g kla an ac ra-ca ar ta au me ot de-m ote de nad amal d pi acu tnu ku

memb ire kan i ed d na s lo isu b .ura awaB h na beba m s ne rawa kan

me ot ed b ura nad s te iap di e rab u it dak aka n me adn pat irk it uata nak

naalec . labeS ik yn ,a ep mimp ni b asure ah m ne ing tak kan m laro

awab ah kutnu n areb ni be onir v .isa Pemimpin sreb i pak d na sgnufreb i


11

memb ni a nad mengarahkan inova is nad rk ea it vitas ab wah na .

vidnI i ud a dezil isnoc d oitare n uata p naitahre p ir idab .

snoc dezilaudividnI id itare no meng ara h adap ep maham na dan

naitahrep ep mimpin isnetop adap dan ek mamp au n y gna id m ikili

helo paites awab h na yn a. eP mimp ni meny rada i perbed naa

ek mampuan, top ens ,i dan uj ga bek u hut an b awa h .na eP mimpin

mema nadn g se pait ab wah nna ya se ab g ia esa t nagro is .isa helO

sebab uti , pem aha m na pemimpin naka po isnet nad ek mam up na

ab paites wah na mem du nakha nya me nibm a d na m ne g hara nak

poten is k nad emampuan kiabret ites ap bawahan saB( s la.te ., ;3002

raS r so & aS n ,arot 02 01; aY mm a nir o et la . .)3991 ,

)2 Ke ep mimpina n rT na sa sk ional

K pe emim ip nan tra sn aks oi nal mend nakrasa irid dap a pisnirp

art n iskas uata utrep karan atna ra pemimp ned ni gan ab w .naha

eP mimpin memb re ikan imb ala n uata p gne h tret naagra en ut

( im salny ,a sunob ) apek ad bawahan ji ak ab wahan ma upm

mem ne uhi h ara pan ep mimp ni (m lasi ny ,a ki jren a rak y nawa ti gn gi).

iD ,nial isis ab wahan apureb ay meme un hi arah pan ep mimp ni

d asi mp ni g tnu u k memp re o el h imb ala n uata gnep h agra an, uj ga un ut k

me ihgn n akrad n rid i s irad an isk uata kuh um .na


21

malaD lanoitcasnart el a pihsred atpicret nubuh gan

mu laut isme d ok na ntr subi i ked au haleb kahip akan

memp re lo eh imb ala n ssaB( .la te , 20 ;30 uH m erhp ys, 002 ;2 Liu

te ,.la ;3002 maY marino te a ,.l 91 9 )3 . Sa rr so d na Sant aro

002( 1) meny naktube b awha imb nala y gna id k aje r aud haleb

el kahip b hi b afisre t noke omi. utubeK han kisif dan ma et ir

b awa h na unepid ahasureb hi helo ep mim ip n nad es bagai

ab lasa ynn a, ep mimpin memp re o hel imb nala ber apu p ofre rm a

b nahawa y .iggnit gna

Waldm na et a 2002( .l ) me gn emu ak k ab na wh a

pek emimpin skasnartna io an l “b epore ar ”is pada sis t me ata u

adub ay yang us dah )gnitsixe( ada dan tuju nna ay alada h

memp kre uat ,igetarts sis et m, uata ub day a y gna adus h da a,

ub kan eb rm duska utnu k m ne nhabug ya. Oleh es bab ti u ,

pemimpin tr na s oiska an l se nial be sur ha a memu aksa n

k tube uhan bawaha kutnu n “membe ”il pe rofr m ,a aguj

m asume t ak pe naitahr pa ad nep yimp na g ,na kes ,nahala ata u

naurilekek awab ha dn an reb u ap y a me ukal kan t ni dak na ko .fitker

uH m rhp eys )2002( atres Y ma mari on et .la 91( 9 )3 m yne ktube a

awhab kepemimpinan rt an oiskas an l lap i gn ba yn a etid k mui

alad m k dihe u nap es h ra i- ,irah es hin agg ekreb mb na g

menjadi amgidaraP pr ketka kepemimp nani ad lam o gr ina as is .


31

peK emimp nani tr anoiskasna l me un r tu eb b re a ap ap kar mem ikili

du arak a k ret y na g id an m naka con nit g ne t r drawe dan m emegana nt yb

itpecxe on . eP mimpin tran oiskas nal ya gn memp nu yai ak r etka r

egnitnoc nt rewa dr a ak n m jne el sa kan jut u na ad n asas ran y gna kadneh

id niapac ya dan meng ara h ab nak wah na u utn k men niapac ya. raseB

nlicek ya imb ala n (r drawe ) ak ret na g nutna g ap ad ( oc nt tnegni )

es aj hu ma an bawahan m acne pai tujuan ad n sa as ran ubesret t (Bass

et a ,.l 3002 ; uH m hp reys, ;2002 maY mar oni te ,.la .)3991

nakgnadeS pemimpin skasnart ional kreb a retkar eganam m tne by

exce oitp n apad t diba ig igal ek malad aud sifa ,t yaitu tka if dan pa .fis

daP a evitca am n nemega t by tpecxe ion, ep mimpin m ne pate ka n

jut u na dan asas r na y gna neh d ka di iapac b kire ut nats d ra rek ja y gna

har ihutapid su . akiJ ajret di p ne yimp ,nagna pemim nip it dak es gan

m ne j ta u nakh sank is ke adap bawaha .n eP mim nip nagned si taf itrepes

i in naka gnurednec meng isawa awab h na nagned tek at d na es g re a

em ukal k na it ndak na korek a fit p ba ila mu ucn l p ne y mi pangan,

kekelir nau , atau k se a al h .na

eS me atn ar vissap e m emegana tn by ecxe ption ep mimpin

me iradnihgn adnit k na ko a fitker t ua “k ire b atu n” d ne g na b awa ah n

es al ma aujut n ad n asas r na y esid gna pak ta i sreb ama cret ap ia

ssaB( et ,.la 3002 ; Hump erh ys 2 , ;200 aY mm a onir et a .l , .)3991


41

nanipmimepek iroeT .c

)1 )621:5891 ,ecnepS .D nahtanoJ( turunem nanipmimepeK

)a ”bawaj gnuggnatreb“ gnay gnaro halada nipmimep gnaroeS

.naahasurep haubes alolegnem malad

)b sah nakhaubmem nanipmimepeK nad ,gnusgnal gnay li

lisah nakhaubmem fitkefe gnay nanipmimepek ukal hakgnit

.atrem atres gnay

)c nemom“ tukgnaynem nanipmimepeK - gnay “nemom

urab gnay sinsib igetarts nakutnenem malad gnitnep

)2 )611 :8991 ,rJ occaradaB .L hpesoJ( turunem nanipmimepeK

)a nipmimeP takabreb gnay gnaro iagabes irid isaiserpagnem

)b gnaroeses taubmem gnay nabeb isakifitnedignem nipmimeP

.aynnaujut irad naitahrep nakhilagnem

)c gnay isibma nad naujut halmujes naksumureM

hibel gnay utauses nakayapugnem

)d ad apa ,nakgnaujrepid gnay apa nakutneneM gnay kapm

ayntaubid nigni

)e naudnap idajnem gnay pudih nagnadnap nakgnabmegneM

nial gnaro nagned iskaretnireb malad

)f iurahabrepmem naasaibek nugnabmeM - ,rutaret araces irid

nakukalid gnay apa sata


51

)3 lojnonem gnay isnemid aud ada ini kepsa irad ,ukalirep iroeT adap

.utiay nipmimep gnaroes ispesrep

)a rutkurts nakisasinagrognem nad nakutnenem malad aynfitaisinI

nanipmimepek ayag( haub kana helo nakanaskalid surah gnay sagut

.)sagut adap isatneroreb

)b kana naarethajesek padahret aynnagnukud ,isaiserpa ,isneta takgniT

.)nawayrak isatneroreb nanipmimepek ayag( haub

nareP )4 epek m halada nanipmi huajes anam narep gnadnapid gnitnep

kutnu nahurulesek nalisahrebek ahasu im elp m isatne level ti iggn

isnakifingis rep an gnay nakispesrepid naka naktiakid nagned

gnuggnat j bawa im elp m ,isatne lortnok napakacek gnay

nakukalid ip mp nani /rosivrepus( m jana )re nagned atak nial

me ken a nakn egnep mb nagna nailhaek nad ek m naupma udividni

allagallahC( nad ,inavrehS .)6002

nanipmimepeK ayaG .d

)1 eP pmimepek ayaG naitregn nani

turuneM hcarjdieH m na nad .S nansuH ayag

epek mim nanip alop halada hakgnit ukal gnay gnacnarid

kutnu m nakisargetnigne isasinagro naujut nagned aujut n

udividni kutnu iapacnem naujut .utnetret namhcarjdieH( nad

H ,nansu 200 .)422:2

nakgnadeS turunem idnaF onotpijT ayag epek m nanipmi

halada utaus arac gnay nakanugid nipmimep alad m iskaretnireb


61

gned an aynnahawab (T onotpij , .)161:1002 emeS ratn a it ,u

pe dn pa at al ni me yn be utkan bahwa ayag epek pmim nani halada

lop a hakgnit ukal atak( - tak a nad nakadnit -tindakan) irad

se gnaro ep pmim i n ya gn id asar kan ol naro he g lain H( re es ,y

)92:4002 .

malaD naitilenep ini , ayag epek pmim nani gnay

id am dusk alada h ayag epek pmim nani lanoisautis a itr yn a

gaya kepemi pm nani yan g rasadid nak adap autis si nad

.isidnok neraK a ep pmim ni gnay isahreb da l la ha ep mim nip

ya gn mam up m agne d nakisatpa ynayag a aga r auses i ed n nag

is tuasi t etre tn u jdieH ra hc m na nad uH sn na 2( 200 .) aP da as a t

em naksalejn sagut - sagut olek m kop am ka ai rah su agreb ya

,fitkerid dap a taas em nakkujnun lah -hal gnay tapad em kiran im nat

ynatoggna a akam ai surah ayagreb ,fitatlusnok utnu k

em ur um naks naujut olek m kop i a eb yagr a pa tr itapisi f

s de a kgn an pada as ta bawa nah telah ma upm d na

alagnepreb am n lad am em ipadahgn taus u sagut am ak ai ayagreb

itageled f ,onoyiguS( )231:3002 .

)2 nanipmimepeK ayaG nakutneneM

eM urun t Heid rj ca hman nad nansuH 371:2002( ) gnaroes

ep pmim i n ha ur s mem ili ki tafis vitpecrep e aynitra mam up

agnem m ita ad em n en m naku naataynek irad aus ut li .nagnukgn

kutnU ti u ai surah am pm em u il h ,ta nem gam ,ita nad amem ah im


71

aek d naa uata is aut si et m ap t ,aynajrek alad m aitra n iagab m ana

arap ab aw ,aynnah iagab m ana aadaek n orga in sas yni ,a ba ag nami a

is isaut ,aynnasagunep dan aguj natnet g ek mam up na ynirid a

.iridnes la surah mam useynem up nakia id ir de gn na

.aynnagnukgnil nU kut mem hili gay a pek emi pm ni na ya gn aka n

,nakanugid ulrep bmitrepid nakgna rotkaf iagabreb gnay

me .aynihuragnepm nupikseM kaynab f rotka gnay ulrep

itrepid m siraH ,nakgnab alad m namhcarjdieH nad nansuH

)371:2002( mem aynigab ek e( 4 malad mp :utiay rotkaf )ta

)a alad rotkaf m sinagro sa i

)b nanipmip rotkaf m rejana

)c rotkaf nahawab

)d nasagunep isautis rotkaf

)3 nanipmimepeK ayaG rasaD

pesnoK epek mim nanip lanoisautis ekid m nakgnab helo

yesreH nad drahcnalB adap nuhat .9691 ayntujnaleS irad

lisah ep m nariki aR ,drahcnalB neK m nahd )4002( m re mu u ks na

ada 4 ukalirep rasad epek mim tis nanip u oisa n : utiay ,la

)1 fitkerid ukalireP

ukalireP fitkerid halada ukalirep gnay nakparetid

p alibapa im nanip nakpadahid adap sagut gnay ur m ti nad

nahawab muleb mem ikili alagnep m na nad mo isavit kutnu

m ajregne k na gut as et r ,tubes uata ip m nanip adareb id hawab


81

t nanake utkaw .naiaseleynep iP m nanip m gnay apa naksalejne

.nakajrekid surah nad ulrep

)2 lireP fitatlusnoK uka

ukalireP fitatlusnok halada pe ukalir gnay nakparetid

akitek nahawab halet ret m isavito nad alagnepreb m na alad m

utaus ipadahgnem ut g sa .

iD inis p nanipmi ha ayn ulrep m irebme nasalejnep hibel gnay

icnirepret nad m utnabme m kere a kutnu m itregne nagned

em nakgnaul utkaw em nugnabm uh b nagnu gnay kiab nagned em aker

)3 fitapisitraP ukalireP

eP r kali u p tra isip ita f paretid k na apab ali pe ag aw i halet em anegn l

kinket - kinket gnay tutnutid dan halet em egn m nakgnab agnubuh n

ya gn dekat de agn n pmip nani . P pmi nani em nakgnaul aw utk utnu k

gnacnibreb - gnacnib ned nag mere ,ak nu t ku lebih naktabilem kerem a

nagned nasutupek - pek u nasut ,ajrek nad nu t ku em nakragnedn naras -

naras em aker em anegn i peni kgn atan renik ja.

)4 fitageleD ukalireP

ukalireP fitageled paretid kan apab ali ab nahaw te al h

aynhunepes ahap m nad neisife da al m ajrenik ,sagut ggnihes a

ip m nanip d tapa melep naksa mere ak kutnu em naknalajn ynsagut a

es dn ir .i nakrasadreB em tap ukalirep sad ar alad m ayag epek mim anip n

anoisautis l id sata akam , nanipmimepek ya gn lisahreb turunem


91

namhcarjdieH nad nansuH :2002( 1 )47 halada ep mim nip gnay mam p u

em nakparen aynayag raga iauses de nagn isautis etret n .ut yntujnaleS a

ip pm inan p lre u me pm itre bm na kg na es ait p is tuasi hk usus ad al m

ar akgn amem ah im ayag am an ya gn hibel tapet nu t ku nakparetid .

nanipmimepeK ayaG nanareP )4

nanareP ayag epek m nanipmi allagallahC( nad Sh ,inavre )6002

huajes halada anam narep gnadnapid gnitnep kutnu nalisahrebek

nahurulesek ahasu im elp m isatne l leve ti iggn isnakifingis rep an gnay

nakispesrepid naka naktiakid nagned gnuggnat bawaj im elp m ,isatne

lortnok napakacek nakukalid gnay ip mp nani /rosivrepus( m jana )re

nagned atak nial me ken a nakn egnep mb nagna nailhaek nad

ek m naupma ni nagned rukuid tapad nanipmimepek ayag naanareP .udivid

gnaroes )iawagep utnabmem( itah nahugetek nad )naupmamek( igrenE )1(

nipmimep gnay m ut naknikgnume m aynub ajrenik y gna b )2( kia

,isiv nakutneneM m asa naped nad igetarts kutnu em m taub nahaburep

gnay id ,gnorodnem nad gnatnaneM )3( nakhutub m irebme nag naraj

)drawer( nad ukuh man adapek iawagep sata rasad takgnit nailhaek

nad ek m aynnaupma m gnorodne nahawab ayapus mem ikili ok m isnetep

nad esek mp nata gnabmekreb alad m m age n isapisit se ait p at n nat ag n

nad lep uan alad g m nakajibek padahret okiser nalibmagneP )4( .ajrekeb

eP .nanipmip helo libmaid gnay mim nip nakatakid kadit reb ha lis apa b ali

kadit tapad m ,isavitome m nakkareggne nad m naksaume iawagep

adap utaus naajrekep nad utnetret nagnukgnil isaripsni irebmeM )5( .


02

m ,nawayrak adapek em kutnu nial gnaro adapek isaripsni ireb m acne p ia

epek nad ,isiv m nagnubuh iagabes nanipmi huragnep ek iagabreb hara

tna a ar ep mim nip nad aynnahawab gnay m iaynupme naujut gnay

as ma malad men iapac burep naha gnay utnabmeM )6( .aynranebes

kutnu naupmamek ikilimem aynnahawab awhab iagrahid asarem iawagep

.gnabmekreb asib

isavitoM .2

:tukireb iagabes aynaratnaid isavitom naitregneP aparebeb adA .a

turuneM )1 nosirroM )4991( m nakirebme pen naitreg m isavito abes g ia

necek dru gnaroeses nagn m naktabile irid alad m aigek t na gnay

m haragne .narasas

turuneM )2 nosbiG ,)7991( avitom si m nakapure nataukek gnay

me gnorodn gnaroeses nawayrak gnay menimb naklu nad

me nakharagn .ukalirep

1( laniaZ .jH nifirA turuneM )3 )45 :489

uata malad irad rebmusreb gnay utauses iagabes halada isavitom

aggnihes idajret suret naka atres hara nad sagut iaynupmem aI .raul irad

nalajreb suret ini sesorP .itayah tubesret udividni gnay apa nakisahgnem

lirep maladid naratuprep utas iagabes .gnaroeses uka

7 :8691( yarruM turuneM )4 - )8

,aynlucnum naktabikagnem gnay rotkaf haubes halada isavitoM

uti laH .gnaroeses ukalirep nakisatserpretnignem nad hara irebmem


12

nad nagnorod utiay ,nenopmok aud malad igab id aynasaib

nem nagnoroD .nasupahgnep gnay lanretni sesorp adap ucag

adap ucagnem nagnalihgneP .iskaereb uti gnaroeses naktabikagnem

lisahreb halet tubesret udividni nakbabesid gnaroeses fitom aynsupahret

.naksaumem narajnag tapadnem uata naujut utas iapacnem

rotkaF .b - ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf gnay gnaroeses isavitom

uata nahutubeK )5691( rehcriK & ettennuD helo nakakumekid

naparah

ukal hakgniT )1

naujuT )2

kilab napmU )3

1.1 rabmag malad itrepes nakrabmagid tapad uti naigab tapmeeK

1.1 rabmaG isavitom sesorp nad ledoM

muS :reb ,yrtsudnI otdeilppa ygolohcysP ,)5691( rehcriK & ettnnuD .D .M notelppA :kroY yeN - yrutneC - sttforC .

rotkaF .c - naajrekep rotkaf

nakajibek ,ijag :nial aratna naajrekep nagnukgnil rotkaF )1 - nakajibek

naadaeK nagnabmieskaditek ,kadnehek :lanretni

nagned naarikrep uatanaparah

ukal hakgniTkadnehek uata

narasaSnaujut uata

naiauseynePlanretni naadaek


22

nam ratna nagnubuh ,esivrepus ,naahasurep naajrekep isidnok ,aisu

.isasinahro ayadub nad ,ajrek maj itrepes

/sagut nagnacnar ,naajrekep tafis :nial aratna naajrekep malad rotkaF )2

aynraseb/takgnit ,isatserp padahret naukagnep nairebmep ,naajrekeP

nada ,nakirebid gnay bawaj gnugnat naujamek nad nagnabmekrep ay

.naajrekep irad nasaupek aynada nad ,naajrekep malad

isavitom iroet tapme ada )3991( snilluM turuneM .d

iroet kopmolek malad gnologret gnay )nahutubek( - isi isavitom iroet

( noitavitom fo seiroeht tnetnoc iroet utiay ,) nahutubek ikrareih

halada ,audeK .wolsam maharbA helo ) yroeht sdeen fo yhcrareiH(

htworG ,ssendetaleR ,ecnetsixE( GRE iroet - nad isaler ,naadarebek

.refredlA notyalC helo )nahubmutrep

)1 iroeT ikrariH m turune .H.A aM ls wo reblU( ihalaliS

)543:2002 me nakujnun aynada il ma natakgnit nanigniek nad

nahutubek m nahutubeK .aisuna tubesret halada :

)a nahutubeK sigoloisif (s nial nad skes ,napap ,nagnap ,gnadna - nial

)aynnial iwagar kokop nahutubek nad nad

)b aek nahutubeK m )nagnudnilrep nad natamalesek( nana

)c Ke ub t hu a n os ais l ( nawakreb nad lupmukreb )

)d Ke ub t hu an grahgnep aa n ( es eet m en ed s )

)e nahutubeK sasilautka i araces isnetop nagnabmegnep(

lamiskam )

)2 wolsaM nahutubek iroet sakgnirem G .R .E iroet aynrasad adaP


32

:tukireb iagabes

)a ( naadarebek nahutubeK netsixE ec )

takgnit macam iagabreb itupilem naadarebek nahutubeK

.kisif nad iretam nahutubek nagned natiakreb gnay nagnorod

nahutubeK - nad ,nagnutuek ,ijag itupilem tubesret nahutubek

tubesret nahutubek irogetaK .kisif araces natamalesek

emem kutnu naujut iaynupmem irid igab iretam nahutubek ihun

.iridnes uti udividni

)b ( isaleR nahutubeK ssendetaleR )

nakadagnem kutnu nahutubek nakapurem isaler nahutubeK

anibmem malaD .nial gnaro nagned isasilaisos nad nagnubuh

helorepmem nakparahgnem udividni tubesret nagnubuh

mahamep nahutubeK .nial gnmaro irad naitregnep nad na

naka kadit ini isasinagro malad id nial gnaro nagned nagnubuh

gnilas nad amas ajrek aynada atpicret muleb akij ihunepret

.nial amas utas nagnukud irebmem

)c )htworG( nahubmutrep nahutubeK

ni nahubmutrep nahutubeK kutneb adap ucagnem ,i

gnay gnaro idajnem kutnu udividni gnorodnem gnay nahutubek

gnay nakirebmem kutnu ahasureb atres fitkudorp nad fitaerk

.adareb aid anamid nagnukgnil nupuam aynirid igab kiabret

j lubmit naka ini pudih nahutubek nahunemep naka nasaupeK aki

halasam nakiaseleynem tapad udividni - naksaumem nad halasam


42

nad irid isnetop nakgnabmegnem tapad kutnu aynnanigniek

malad itrepes ,aynnapudihek malad lamitpo araces hubmut

helorepmem aynlasim aynajrek tapmet id nad ,agraulek

kgnabmegnem kutnu natapmesek irid naktakgninem uata reirak na

.aynnailhaek nad ,nalipmaretek ,nauhategnep malad

)d ( rotkaf aud nahutubek iroeT rotavitoM - eneigyE kcirederF )

grebzreH

)a rotkaf utiay ,rotavitoM rotkaF - adap awabmem gnay rotkaf

( idabirp gnorodnep nad fitisop pakis nagnabmegnep tafisreb

.)kisnirtni

)b rotkaf utiay ,eneigyE rotkaF - nakbabeynem tapad gnay rotkaf

iridret ayntakekah adap gnay nasaupkaditek hagecnem nupuata

.naajrekep irad kisnirtke rotkaf sata

)e ( sesorp isavitom iroeT noitavitom fo seiroeht ssecorp )

sesorp isavitom iroeT :aynaratnaid naparah iroet halada ini

)a senoJ nad ,yenahaM ,suluopogroeG helo naujut rulaj iroeT

naknakenem ini sesorp iroet awhab naksalejneM .ekcoL atres

pisnirP .udividni ukalirep nad naujut rulaj aratna nagnubuh

napatenep adap haragnem halada aynrasad naujut irad - naujut

isatserp iapacnem kutnu radas araces iapacid kadneh gnay

.ajrek

)b ecnelaV iroeT - ytilatnemurtsnI - rotciVhelo )EIV( ycnatcepxE

)4691( moorV


52

awhab naksalejnem ini sesorp iroet moorV turuneM

utiay ,rotkaf agit irad lisah nakapurem isavitom p amatre ialin

eulaV( udividni taubmem tapad gnay nagnorod utaus nakapurem )

utaus nakukalem aynirid utkaw adap narajnag utaus naknigignem

.aynnaajrekep malad nataigek audeK ( naparah ycnatcepxE )

ay ahasu aynkadit uata tauk takgnit irad iuhatekid tapad naparah gn

malad nataigek nakukalem aid amales nawayrak helo nakukalid

nanikgnumek kutneb malad aguj tapad naparaH .aynnaajrekep

iulalem nawayrak gnaroes helo nakukalid gnay iskiderp iulalem

gnay ahasu helo nakutnetid gnay iapacid gnay isatserp takgnit

ynnakukalid .a agiteK ( isatserp nad narajnag ytilatnemurtsnI )

kutnu ahasu awhab nanigniek iaynupmem nawayrak paites

naka halada tubesret naparah apureb gnay isatserp iapacnem

( narajnag utaus helorepmem ytilatnemurtsnI )

)c retroP ledoM - )7691( relwal & retroP helo relwaL

kutnebid isatserp anamiagab gnatnet naksalejnem ini ledoM

nakniamid gnay narep ispesrep atres naupmamek nad ahasu irad

.nawayrak gnaroes helo troffE gnay ygrene aynkaynab nakapurem

nakgnades.utnetret isautis malad udividni helo nakraulekid ytiliba

akapurem udividni gnaroes helo ikilimid gnay naupmamek n

( mumu nasadrecek itrepes isnegiletni utiay ,susuhk nasadrecek ,)

takab - .utnetret takab noitpecrep eloR utas halas nakapurem ini

isatserp kutnebreb gnay ukal hakgnit isaulavegnem kutnu arac


62

i gnaroes irad ajrek .udividn

)f :utiay nahutubek agit iaynupmem dnellalCcM divaD nahutubek iroeT

)a nakukalem kutnu nanigniek halada isatserp naka nahutubeK

.luggnu hibel nad ,neisife hibel ,kiab hibel nagned utauses

)b isawagnem kutnu nanigniek halada naasaukek naka nahutubeK

em uata ,akerem ukalirep ihuragnepmem ,nial gnaro nakiladnegn

.nial gnaro sata bawajgnuggnatreb uata

)c nad nugnabmem kutnu nanigniek utiay isailifa naka nahutubeK

gnaro nagned tagnah nad tabahasreb gnay nagnubuh arahilemem

.nial

)g nataugneP iroeT

halada ukalirep awhaB adapek haragnem gnay isneukesnok irad isgnuf

kadit gnay isneukesnok iradnihgnem nad fitisop gnay isneukesnok

rejanam nakanugrepid tapad gnay nataugnep sinej agit adA .nakgnaneynem

:tukireb iagabes utiay haub kana isavitom isakifidomem kutnu

)a isop nataugneP sulp naagrahgnep nakirebmem :fit nakianek

.nawayrak sugab isatserp uata nalabmi

)b nakgnalihgnem ,hagecnem utiay ,naradnihgnep/fitagen nataugneP

anerak sarek ajrekeb nawayraK .nakgnaneynem kadit gnay tabika

lah iradnihgnem - kgnaneynem kadit ayntaubmem gnay lah .na

)c kadit gnay ukalirep nagnalugnep iradnihgnem ,namukuH

tabmalret gnatad gnay nawayrak padahret aynlasiM .naknigniid

.”igal ignalugnem kadit raga“ natagnirep irebid


72

rotkaF .e - ajrek isavitom rotkaf

eaJ )0002( me nakujnun awhab savitom i iawagep tagnas

fitkefe kutnu me naktakgnin nad me ihunem nasaupek jrek a iawagep id m ana

rotkaf - rotkaf mo tubesret isavit rukuid m iuale rotkaf kisnirtni nahutubek(

isatserp nad )nagnitnepek rotkaf nad kisnirtske aek( m nana ,ajrek ijag nad

turuneM .)isomorp snibboR malaD )5891( iadU )1002( kciwiekruJ )3002(

.)4002( du’saM dauF ,ajrek isatserP )1( nagned rukuid tapad isavitoM

aiapacnep n tegrat narasas uata gnay rasebes - aynraseb )2( ,huragneP

me nakharagn idaJ ukalirep hibel tujnal tapad upmisid l nak awhab m isavito

m nakapure utaus naiakgnar ep natigek mb naire ,nagnorod utiay nakub

aynah adapek gnaro nial ipatet aguj adapek irid ,nailadnegneP )3( .iridnes

ahasU gnay nakharaid m ujune tegrat netsisnok nad nagned naujut

isavitom ,nagnutnagreteK )4( isasinagro ajrek id nakutnet helo yek a nanik

udividni gnay nagnubuhreb nagnubuh ,nagned ahasu - )5( ajrenik

,nagnabmegnep/nasaulreP nakgnabmegnem kutnu udividni ahasU

)isailifa( nailatreP )6( nalipmaretek/naupmamek fitaisini kutnu me nilajn

nagnubuh nagned gnaro .nial

.3 nawayraK ajreniK

iagabes halada aynaratnaid nawayrak ajrenik naitregnep aparebeb adA .a

tukireb

)1 edoirep amales nahurulesek araces gnaroeses lisah halada ajreniK

ajrek lisah radnats itrepes ,sagut nakanaskalem malad id utnetret


82

tegrat ,)satilauk( hibelret nakutnetid halet gnay airetirk uata narasas uata

.) 41 :4002 ,irsaB & iaviR( .amasreb itakapesid halet nad uluhad

7991( eromtihW nhoJ turuneM )2 naanaskalep halada ajreniK )401 :

isgnuf - halada ajrenik ,gnaroeses naupmamek irad tutnutid gnay isgnuf

mumu naremap utaus ,isatserp utaus ,pakis nad nataubrep utaus

.”nakipmartek

)654 :8002 ,namsU malad( 4991 ,nameerF nad renotS turuneM )3

araces isgnufreb surah gnay icnuk halada ajrenik awhab nakakumegnem

ulesek araces isasinagro raga neisife nad fitkefe .lisahreb tapad nahur

)4 Me turun Mang enuk gara 1002( ) nik er aj da ap t id d ifnife is nak seba iag

ah s li ker aj s lauk arace i at )itilet ,hipar ,utum( s dan nauk t ati ,tegrat( s

)lamitpo ,tain y gna dap ta d ci ap ia o el h ses eor na g karyawan lad a m

me skal anak na ut g sa ses uai d ne gan uggnat ng awaj b y gna irebid kan

kepad na ya.

gnaroes iapacid halet gnay naujamek nad ajrek lisah halada ajreniK )5

amas aynitra ajreniK .)654:8002 ,namsU( aynsagut gnadib malad

.isatserp nagned

gabes naitregnep aparebeb ikilimem ajreniK naialineP .b :tukireb ia

)1 nad ,ialinem ,rukugnem gnay rutkurtsret nad lamrof metsis utauS

tafis ihuragnepmem - ,naajrekep nagned natiakreb gnay tafis

aynsukoF .naridahkaditek takgnit kusamret ,lisah nad ,ukalirep

awayrak gnaroes fitkudorp aparebes iuhategnem kutnu halada n

asam adap fitkefe hibel uata amas ajrenikreb asib ai hakapa nad


92

takaraysam nad ,isasinagro ,nawayrak aggnihes ,gnatad naka gnay

)3:6991 ,noskcaJ & reluhcS( .taafnam helorepmem aynaumes

)2 utas halas nakapurem nakpatetid halet gnay naujut naiapacneP

u kalot .udividni ajrek ruk

malad irsaB nad iaviR helo pitukid gnay )6991( snibboR turuneM .c

malad airetirk agit ada ,laisarppa ecnamrofrep ludujreb gnay aynukub

:utiay udividni ajrenik naialinep nakukalem

udividni saguT )1

nay isatserp utaus halada ajrenik awhab gnaroeses helo iapacid g

nagned iauses ,aynnaajrekep uata sagut nakanaskalem malad

.uti naajrekep malad nakpatetid gnay airetirk radnats

udividni ukalirep )2

naiausesek ada alibapa naktakgnitid tapad udividni ajrenik utauS

.naupmamek nad naajrekep aratna

3 .udividni iric nad )

nasaupeK .ajrek nasaupek helo ihuragnepid iridnes udividni ajreniK

.aynnaajrekep padahret udividni naasarep halada iridnes uti ajrek

huaj aparebes ianegnem naialinep lisah utaus apureb ini naasareP

upmam nahurulesek araces aynnaajrekep naksaumem

.aynnahutubek


03

ajrenik naialinep naujuT .d

naujut awhab naksalejnem )6991( noskcaj nad reluhcS

,irogetak macam tapme malad nakkopmolekid tapad ,ajrenik isamrofni

:utiay

)1 ratna nagnidnabrep naknakenem gnay isaulavE - .gnaro

)2 enem gnay nagnabmegneP nahaburep naknak - nahaburep

.utkaw aynnalajreb nagned gnaroeses irid malad

)3 .metsis naarahilemeP

)4 nasutupek isatnemukoD - aisunam ayad rebmus nasutupek

.natakgninep idajret alib

narasas nagned nakisargetniid ajrenik naialineP .e - sigetarts narasas

agabreb anerak :utiay ,)84 : 6991, noskcaJ&reluhcS( nasala i

,utiay isasinagro naujut nagned udividni sagut nakrajajesneM )1

naktahilrepid surah gnay nakadnit ispirksed nakhabmanem

lisah nad nawayrak - utaus raga iapac akerem surah gnay lisah

.pudih tapad igetarts

neM )2 gnisam isubirtnok rukug - gnisam nad ajrek tinu gnisam -

.nawayrak gnisam

nad nakadnit adapek isubirtnok irebmem ajrenik isaulavE )3

nasutupek - nad iggnitepmem gnay fitartsinimda nasutupek

.igetarts hadumrepmem


13

tnu isnetop naklubminem tapad ajrenik naialineP )4 ku

margorp nad igetarts igab nahutubek isakifitnedignem - margorp

.urab

ajrek naialinep taafnaM .f

akerem igab raga halada kahip aumes igab ajrenik naialinep taafnaM

,irsaB & iaviR( .nakparah akerem tapad gnay taafnam iuhategnem

)55:4002

kahiP - eb gnay kahip :halada naialinep malad nagnitnepekr

)1 )nawayrak( ialinid gnay gnarO

)a .isavitom naktakgnineM

)b akerem nakparetid gnay lisah dradnats nasalejek aynadA

)c .pudih nasaupek naktakgnineM

)d idajnem nahamelek nad nauhategnep gnatnet nagnabmegneP

ukek nugnabmem ,raseb hibel ignarugnem nad nata

.nikgnum lamiskames nahamelek

)e nagned fitka nad sinomrah gnay nagnubuh naktakgnineM

.nasata

)2 )natlusnok ,reganam ,nanipmip ,rosivrepus ,nasata( ialineP

)a nakisakifitnedignem nad rukugnem kutnu natapmeseK

kutnu nawayrak ajrenik nagnurednecek namejanam nakiabrep

.ayntujnales


23

)b metsis nakgnabmegnem kutnu gnaulep nakirebmeM

nupuam ,iridnes rejanam naajrekep kutnu kiab nasawagnep

.aynnahawab irad naajrekep

)c asar gnatnet ,nawayrak padahret kiab hibel gnay namahameP

psa nad ,naparah ,igorg asar ,tukat .akerem isari

)d ialinep satiroirp nad naujut naksalejnem kutnu natapmeseK

kiab hibel gnay nagnadnap nakirebmem nagned

gnay isubirtnok nakirebmem tapad akerem anamiagab padahret

.naahasurep adapek raseb hibel

)e ap naksalejnem kutnu rejanam arap igab natapmeseK ad

naahasurep helo nakigniid aynranebes gnay apa nawayrak

rukugnem tapad nawayrak arap aggnihes nawayrak arap irad

nagned iauses ayajreb nad ,aynirid naktapmenem ,aynirid

.rejanam irad naparah

)f nawayrak isavitom naktakgminem anaras iagabes tapaD

ibel nagned araces akerem adapek naitahrep naktasumem h

.idabirp

)g tapad raga rejanam igab agrahreb natapmesek nakapureM

ada aggnihes nakukalid halet gnay apa ilabmek ialinem

satiroirp nusuynem uata tegrat isiverem nanikgnumek

.ilabmek


33

)3 naahasurep igab taafnaM

)a akiabreP tinu lupmis hurules n - malad ada gnay tinu

:anerak naahasurep

naujut ianegnem fitkefe hibel idajnem isakinumoK

natakgnineP .naahasurep ayadub ialin nad naahasurep

natakgnineP nad satilayol nad naamasrebek asar

akanuggnem kutnu rejanam nauamek nad naupmamek n

kutnu aynnipmimem nailhaek nad nalipmaretek

nad nauamek nakgnabmegnem nad nawayrak isavitomem

.nawayrak nalipmaretek

)b sagut tukgnaynem saul araces nagnadnap naktakgnineM

gnisam helo nakukalid gnay - nawayrak gnisam

)c isakinumok satilauk naktakgnineM

)d takgnineM nahurulesek araces nawayrak isavitom nak

)e malad nagnubuh nasinomrahek naktakgnineM

naahasurep naujut naiapacnep

)f nagnabmegnep nad nahitalep salej hibel ilanegnem kutnU

nakhutubid gnay

)g nad naialalek paiteS .napam idajnem naahasurep ayaduB

malad nasalejkaditek tapad rudesorp nad metsis anibmem

nakatpicid tapad kiab gnay naasaibek nad nakradnihid

.naknahatrepid nad


43

)h kutnu naknikgnumem nad lisnetop gnay nawayraK

tapad gnay ayntikides uata naahasurep nanipmip idajnem

hadum ,tahilret hadum hibel idajnem nakisomorpid

nad ,tujnal hibel nakgnabmekid hadum ,nakisakifitnediid

tauk araces bawaj gnuggnat natakgninep naknikgnumem

naajrekep naialinep natabmaH .g

aynisgnuf nagned iauses kiab nagned nakukalid gnay naialinep

d naka utiay ,isasinagro nakgnutnugnem tagnas naka tapa

nakukalem sesorp malad ,ipatet nakA .ajrenik naktakgninem

nagnatnat aparebeb tapadret ini kiab gnay ajrek lisah naialinep

napaiskaditek ,naialinep nahalasek :utiay ,)102:5002 ,ajdnairaH(

ad ,isasinagro nakajibek nad ketkarp nafitkefekaditek ,naialinep n

.kiab kadit gnay nialinep rilumrof

.h nagnatnaT - ajreniK naialineP malad nagnatnat

nupapA .isanimirksid irad sabeb surah ajrenik naialineP

nemejanam kahip helo nakukalid gnay naialinep edotem uata kutneb

ej nagned naveler nad ,dilav ,sitsilaer ,lida surah gnay naajrekep sin

natiakreb aynah kadit ini ajrenik naialinep anerak ialinid naka

halasam tukgnaynem aguj numan ,atames isatserp halasam nagned

.iawagep natapmenep nad ,isomed/isomorp ,ajrek nagnubuh ,ijag

:halada )843:6991( sivaD nad rehtreW turunem

)a laH tceffE ol kadit uata iakuynem ialinep anerak idajret ,

,uti anerak helO .aynialinid gnay iawagep tafis iakuynem


53

helorepmem naka gnurednec ialinep helo iakusid gnay iawagep

alup utigeb nad ,naialinep kepsa aumes adap fitisop ialin

iawagep gnaroes ,aynkilabes naka iakusid kadit gnay

;naialinep kepsa aumes adap fitagen ialin naktapadnem

)b tceffe ycneiniL .tceffE ytireveS dna ycneiniL ialinep halai

kiab ukalreb surah akerem awhab napaggnareb gnurednec

ialin irebmem gnurednec akerem aggnihes ,iawagep padahret

gnay nakgnadeS .naialinep kepsa aumes padahret kiab ytireves

tceffe nad hafaslaf iaynupmem gnurednec ialinep halai

aggnihes iawagep padahret aynkilabes gnay nagnadnap

.kurub gnay ialin nakirebmem naka gnurednec

)c ,ycnednet lartneC linem nigni kadit ialinep utiay iggnit ulalret ia

adareb ulales( aynnahawab adapek hadner ulalret kadit aguj nad

hagnet id - nahibelreb ulalret gnay ialinep isnareloT .)hagnet

naialinep nakirebmem gnurednec ialinep nakidajnem tubesret

atar gnay ialin nagned - .atar

)d nereffid dna noitalimissA ,tceffe noitalimissA .tceffe lait utiay

iric iaynupmem gnay iawagep iakuynem gnurednec ialinep - iric

gnay ialin nakirebmem naka aggnihes ,akerem itrepes tafis uata

ikilimem kadit gnay iawagep nagned nakgnidnabid kiab hibel

iric nad tafis naamasek - agned iric nakgnadeS .aynn laitnereffid

,tceffe ikilimem gnay iawagep iakuynem gnurednec ialinep utiay

tafis - iric uata tafis - tafis ipat ,aynirid adap ada kadit gnay iric - tafis


63

aynirebmem naka ialinep aggnihes ,naknigni akerem gnay haluti

idnabid kiab hibel gnay ialin .aynnial gnay gn

)e ,rorre noisserpmi tsriF nalupmisek libmagnem gnay ialinep utiay

nad akerem amatrep katnok nakrasadreb iawagep gnatnet

nasek awabmem naka gnurednec - aynnaialinep malad ini nasek

.amal gnay utkaw akgnaj aggnih

)f ,tceffe ycneceR nurednec ialinep rasad sata ialin nakirebmem g

ukalirep nakapulem nad ,nakiskas akerem ajas urab gnay ukalirep

.utnetret utkaw akgnaj utaus amales ulal gnay

.i rotkaF - ajreniK ihuragnepmeM gnaY rotkaF

1002( noskcaJ .H nhoJ nad sihtaM .L treboR turuneM rotkaf )28 : - rotkaf

gnay :utiay ,ajrek aganet udividni ajrenik ihuragnemem

nawayrak naupmameK .)a

isavitoM .)b

amiretid gnay nagnukuD .)c

nakukal akerem gnay naajrekep naadarebeK .)d

.isasinagro nagned akerem nagnubuH .)e

nagned rukuid tapad nawayrak ajrenik lebairaV .j

eseeNcM - Sm )6991( hti ,iusT ecraeP troP & e r )7991( malad dauF

’saM u d tegrat iapacnem kutnu tain ,iawagep ajrek satitnauK )1( .)4002(

)3( itilet nad hisreb ,hipar nagned ajrekeb ,ajrek satilauK )2( nalisahrebek

ed iauses naajrekep lisah ,iawagep ajreK isneisifE araces nakparahid gnay nagn

,iawagep ajrek pakiS )4( utkaw tapet nakiserpskeid saisutna iagabes m )5( e


73

,iawagep ajrek satilauk radnatS ,nauhategneP nad pmaretek adap nali

ok/naajrekep m kutnu naupmamek ,iawagep ajrek naupmameK )6( netep

halasam isatagnem - lasam .aynaajrekep malad ipadahid gnay ha

aynmulebeS naitileneP .B

rotkaf gnatnet naitilenep kaynab utigeB - ajrenik ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf

:helo nakukalid gnay naitilenep halada aynaratnaid . aisenodnI id nawayrak

.1 pmimepek ayag huragneP .7002 .imatU asiroT siL lanoisamrofsart nani

aisenodnI amatsivres edarT TP adap nawayrak ajrek isavitom padahret -

ayag huragnep iuhategnem kutnu halada naitilenep naujuT .gnaregnaT

aisenodnI amatsivres edarT TP id lanoisamrofsnart nanipmimepek -

isavitom iuhategnem kutnu ,gnaregnaT edarT TP id nawayrak ajrenik

hurules halada ini naitilenep isalupoP .gnaregnaT aisenodnI amatsivres

nagned nawayrak 652 hibel gnaruk lepmas halmuj nagned nawayrak

kinket nakanuggnem nalibmagnep utiay ,gnilpmas modnar lanoitoporp

maladid kaca araces lepmas hadus gnay isalupop

naktapadnem kutnU )73:7002 ;okomrapuS.M( .nakatartsid/nakkopmolekid

nad dilav utiay nataraysrep aud ihunemem nad kiab gnay tnemurtsni lisah

.elbailer aynnaitilenep lisah nakataynem silunep ini naitilenep malaD

isrev SSPS margorp iulalem helorepid iserger sisilana lisah awhab 0.51

padahret lanoisamrofsnart nanipmimepek ayag lebairav iserger neisifeok

rasebes tauk tagnas gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nawayrak ajrek isavitom

takgnit anamid 200,0* rasebes nakifingis takgnit nagned %2,45 uata 245,0


83

ayag aynitra 50,0 )α( ahpla irad licek hibel tubesret nakifingis

uata tauk tagnas gnay nagnubuh ikilimem lanoisamrofsnart nanipmimepek

.nawayrak ajrek isavitom padahret fitisop nad nakifingis irad nakgnadeS

atnatsok ialin helorepid t iju nagnutihrep lisah rasebes - nagned 580,2

nanipmimepek ayag elbairav kutnu nad ,840,0 rasebes isnakifingis takgnit

rasebes isnakifingis takgnit nagned 854,3 rasebes t iju lanoisamrofsnart

kadit nanipmimepek ayag laisrap araces awhab nakataynem ini lah ,200,0

ahret huragnepreb .nawayrak ajrek isavitom pad lisah irad ayntujnaleS

rasebes gnutih F ialin naklisahgnem tset F uata AVONA iju nagnutihrep

tapad iserger ledom akam ,000,0 isnakifingis takgnit nagned 861,62

lanoisamrofsnart nanipmimepek ayag awhab nakataynid huragnepreb

ces awhab itkubret ini laH .nawayrak ajrek isavitom padahret natlumis ara

ajrek isavitom nagned tare tagnas gnay natiak ikilimem nanipmimepek

nakanaskalem malad isavitom ikilimem gnay nawayrak anerak ,nawayrak

akirebmem upmam nanipmip helo nakirebid gnay sagut gnay isubirtnok n

tapad nakparahid gnay naujut aggnihes nanipmip naparah iauses kiab

.iapacret

.2 nad isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayaG huragneP .0102 .azeR aytidA anigeR

asakreP asotnaS raniS TP nawayrak ajrenik padahret ajrek nilpisid

ileneP naujuT .aragenrajnaB aparebes iuhategnem kutnu halada ini nait

padahret ajrek nilipisid ,isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayaG huragnep raseb

isalupoP .aragenrajnaB asakreP asotnaS raniS TP nawayrak ajrenik

asakreP asotnaS raniS TP id iawagep aumes halada ini naitilenep


93

nay aragenrajnaB kadit ini naitilenep malaD .nawayrak 211 halmujreb g

nahurulesek halada itiletid gnay lepmas anerak gnilpmas kinket nakanugid

irad lepmas aggniheS .susnes nagned tubesid uata ada gnay isalupop irad

ad tinu naigab pait nawayrak hurules halada ini naitilenep raniS TP mal

atad sisilana kinket nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malaD .asakreP asotnaS

lisah nakataynem silunep ini naitilenep malaD .adnagreb iserger

nilpisid nad isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag lebairaV awhab aynnaitilenep

s nad fitisop huragnep iaynupmem ajrek ajrenik padahret nakifingi

turunem isavitom lebairaV .asakreP asotnaS raniS TP adap nawayrak

nawayrak ajrenik paahret tauk gnilap gnay huragnep ikilimem atad isilana

awhab aynitrA .311,05 rasebes gnutih F ialin .asakreP asotnaS raniS TP id

amasreb araces -s ajrek nilpisid nad isavitom ,nanipmimepek rotkaf ama

asotnaS raniS TP id nawayrak ajrenik padahret huragnep iaynupmem

( isanimreted neisifeok .asakreP R detsujda .75,0 rasebes helorepid gnay )

awayrak ajrenik lebairav isairav %75 itrareb ini laH helo naksalejid tapad n

nakgnades ,ajrek nilpisid nad isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag lebairav

nakujaid kadit gnay nial lebairav helo nakgnaretid %34 rasebes aynasis

.ini naitilenep malad


04

naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK .C

i naitilenep lautpesnok akgnareK .ini hawabid 1.2 rabmag adap tahilid tapad in

)2X( isavitoM ,)1X( nanipmimepeK natlumiS

)2X( isavitoM ,)1X( nanipmimepeK laisraP

1.2 rabmaG narikimep akgnareK

sisetopiH .D

uata naataynrep halada sisetopiH aratnemes tafisreb gnay naagud

aggnihes hamel hisam aynnaranebek gnay naitilenep halasam utaus padahret

.)13:4002 ,nasaH( ,siripme araces ijuid surah nakapurem nanipmimepeK

gnay nanipmimepek apnat anerak isasinagro nagnabmegnep gnuggnup gnalut

us naka kiab tapad surah nipmimep gnaroeS .isasinagro naujut iapacnem til

gnaroeS .)aynnahawab( nawayrak igab kareggnep uata rotom idajnem

tapad surah nipmimep naka utigeb nagned ,nawayrak isavitomem

,nial atak nagneD .tubesret nawayrak ajrenik anamiagab ihuragnepmem

k uata amasajrekeb upmam nad ajrenik naktakgninem upmam naka nawayra

.nial amas utas

nagned ilaucekret kadit ,gnaro paites helo nakhutubid tagnas isavitoM

kutnu utnabmem tapad gnay isavitom utaus nakhutubmem akereM .nawayrak

mimepeK X( nanip 1)

X( isavitoM 2)

ayraK ajreniK naw )Y(


14

oM .akerem ajrenik naktakgninem irebmem nagned nakukalid tapad isavit

nagnudnilrep apureb nad fitnesni - nawayrak alibapA .aynial nagnudnilrep

naka akam aynnipmimep nupuam naahasurep irad kiab isavitom irebid

nipmimep uata naahasurep aratna uti kutnU .akerem ajrenik ihuragnepmem

apad surah naktakgninem kutnu arac anamiagab iuhategnem nad itregnem t

.akerem ajrenik

nasala nakrasadreB - silunep ini naitilenep malad akam ,sata id nasala

:utiay sisetopih nakujagnem

padahret huragnepreb natlumis araces isavitom nad nanipmimepek ayaG :1H

rak ajrenk .naway

padahret huragnepreb laisraP araces isavitom nad nanipmimepek ayaG :2H

.nawayrak ajrenk

.C rotakidnI airaV b le

.a rotakidnI nareP nanipmimepeK

eP mim nip (m )rejana gnay atneroreb si natakgninep ek m naupma

adap sukofreb egnep m nagnab aretek mp ali n- tek e ar m nalip iawagep

kutnu m satilauk naktakgnine ajrenik .iawagep raV i leba ini rukuid

m iulale ane m id m isne :utiay igrene )naupmamek( nahugetek nad itah

,)utnabmem( m nakutnene naujut iv( s ,)i m gnatnane nad m ,gnorodne

agnep m ,okiser lib m irebme ni isarips nad m abme n ut iawagep

m asare ,iagrahid ekid gnay m nakgnab helo ruosnaM( nad dlaW m ,na

)3002 malad dauF du’saM .)4002(


24

takidnI .b or avitoM s ajreK i

nakapureM ek m naua kutnu m nakanuggne ahasu takgnit iggnit

kutnu .isasinagro naujut gnay id nakisidnok helo ek mam naup ahasu

kutnu mem ihune nahutubek aparebeb ,udividni lebairav ini rukuid

m lale ui ane m id m isne :utiay isatserp ,huragnep ,ajrek ,nailadnegnep

,nagnutnagretek nasaulrep )nagnabmegnep( nad ,)isailifa( nailatreP gnay

ekid m nakgnab helo (U ,iad )5891 alad m dauF du’saM .)4002(

.c iawageP ajreniK rotakidnI

nakapureM utaus lisah gnay iapacid helo iawagep tubesret

aynnaajrekep malad m turune airetirk utnetret ya gn ukalreb kutnu utaus

naajrekep lebairaV .utnetret ini ukuid r m iulale ane m id m isne :utiay

satitnauK ajrek ,iawagep ajrek satilauK ,iawagep isneisefE ajrek

,iawagep pakiS ajrek ,iawagep radnátS satilauk iawagep ajrek nad

eK m naupma ajrek ,iawagep gnay ekid mb nakgna helo ,iusT( ecraeP &

,retroP )7991 alad m dauF ’saM ,du )4002


34

BAB III

EDOTEM TILENEP I NA

.A naitileneP sineJ

halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay naitilenep sineJ

nednopser adap gnusgnal natamagnep nagned naitileneP .ievrus naitilenep

alem itiletid gnay keybus irad inipo uata napaggnat helorepmem kutnu iul

kutnu nakukalid gnay naitilenep halada ievrus naitileneP .renoisiuk

atkaf helorepmem - alajeg irad atkaf - nagnaretek iracnem nad ada gnay alajeg -

.)8:4002 ,nasaH( lautkaf araces nagnaretek

.B ataD sineJ

nugid gnay atad nalupmugnep edotem ini naitilenep malaD :halada naka

.1 irP ataD m re

helorepid gnay atad nakapurem remirp atad ,)7991( irafiglA turuneM

remirp ataD .)aratnarep iulalem apnat( ilsa rebmus irad gnusgnal araces

malad ada gnay .renoiseuk atad nakapurem ini naitilenep

.2 rednukeS ataD

halada rednukes ataD kadit araces helorepid gnay naitilenep atad

gnusgnal kahip helo tatacid nad helorepid( aratnarep aidem iulalem

.)nial


44

.C naitileneP keybo nad kejbuS

iaynupmem kadit gnay nawayrak hurules halada ini naitilenep kejbuS

TP adap satabret aynhalmuj gnay natabaj kejbo nad atrakaygoY urabudaM

id nawayrak ajrenik nad ,isavitom ,nanipmimepek ayag halada ini naitilenep

.atrakaygoY urabudaM TP

.D naitileneP isakoL nad utkaW

01 laggnat adap utiay nalub 1 amales nakanaskalid ini naitileneP

N 01 laggnat adap iapmas rebotkO ,lutnaB urabudaM TP id 1102 rebmevo

.atrakaygoY

.E naitileneP lebairaV

.1 )X( lebairaV isakifitnedI

.a nednepednI lebairaV

naksalejnem gnay lebairav halada )sabeb( nednepedni lebairaV

.)26:3002 ,ramU( nial gnay lebairav ihuragnepmem gnay uata

d nednepedni lebairaV ayag irad iridret ini naitilenep mala

.isavitom nad nanipmimepek

.b )Y( nednepeD lebairaV

gnay lebairav nakapurem )gnutnagret( nedneped lebairaV

nednepedni lebairav helo ihuragnepid gnay uata naksalejid

ini naitilenep malad nedneped lebairaV .)26:3002 ,ramU( halada

.nawayrak ajrenik


54

.2 lebairav lanoisarepo isinifeD

.a )1X( nanipmimepeK ayaG

eP mimp ( ni m isatneroreb gnay )rejana natakgninep

ek ma naupm egnep adap sukofreb m etek nagnab ramp nali -

aretek m kutnu iawagep nalip m naktakgnine satilauk ajrenik

.iawagep gallahC a all inavrehS & ,)6002( & ruosnaM

aW dl )3002(nam malad ’saM dauF u d halada aynrotakidni .)4002(

)1 igrenE & nahugetek nipmimep gnaroes itah

)2 nakutneneM naujut )isiv(

)3 nad gnatnaneM m nahawab gnorodne

)4 agneP m nalib gnay nakajibek padahret okiser

nipmimep helo nakukalid

)5 eM m ipsni ireb r nawayrak adapek isa

)6 eM m iawagep utnab m awhab iagrahid asare

naupmamek iaynupmem akerem

.b )2X( isavitoM

kutnu naideseK m hara ek iggnit gnay ayapu nakraulegne

naujut ek helo nakisidnokid gnay ,isasinagro m ahasu naupma

kutnu m tubek aparebeb ihuneme nahu .udividni )3002( snibboR

.)4002( du’saM dauF malaD )5891( iadU )1002( kciwiekruJ

halada aynrotakidnI

)1 ajrek isatserP

)2 huragneP


64

)3 nailadnegneP

)4 nagnutnagreteK

)5 )nagnabmegnep( nasaulreP

)6 )isailifa( nailatreP

.c )Y( nawayraK ajreniK

nakapureM utaus acid gnay lisah tubesret iawagep helo iap

aynnaajrekep malad m aireterk turune utnetret ukalreb gnay

eseeNcM .utnetret naajrekep utaus kutnu - Sm )6991( hti ,iusT

ecraeP troP & e r )7991( malad ’saM dauF u d .)4002(

halada aynrotakidnI

)1 titnauK as ajrek p iawage

)2 tilauK a s k ajre p ge iawa

)3 isneisefE ajrek iawagep

)4 pakiS ajrek iawagep

)5 ajrek satilauk radnatS iawagep

)6 eK mam iawageP ajrek naup

.3 lebairaV narukugneP

atad gnusgnal helorepmem siluneP - nakhutubid gnay atad

adapek nakirebid gnay isamrofni nad nagnaretek irad nakrasadreb

alem nednopser edotem nagned nakrabesid halet gnay renoisiuk iul

:utiay trekiL alaks metsis nakanugid ini roks nairebmeP .roks

.a )SS( ujuteS tagnaS 5 roks irebid

.b )S( ujuteS 4 roks irebid


74

.c )N( larteN 3 roks irebid

.d )ST( ujuteS kadiT 2 roks irebid

.e S( ujuteS kadit tagnaS )ST 1 roks irebid

.F lepmaS nad isalupoP

kutnebreb gnay nemele hurules irad nagnubag halada isalupoP

idajnem gnay apures kitsiretkarak ikilimem gnay gnaro uata ,lah ,awitsirep

naitilenep atsemes iagabes gnadnapid aynanerak ,itilenep naitahrep tasup

anaidreF( nawayrak hurules halada ini naitilenep malad isalupoP .)6002 ,d

nad patet iawagep iagabes sutatsreb gnay natabaj iaynupmem kadit gnay

naigaB ,isalatsnI naigaB ,narasameP naigaB adap ,nanipmip nawayrak

tukA naigaB ,namanaT naigaB ,sutiripS naigaB ,isakirbaP & isna

id ada gnaY ,mumU & MDS naigaB ,nagnaueK .omsikudaM TP

iawagep igab ajrenik aynnasala nagned nakgnidnabid gnitnep patet

suret araces patet iawagep

plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji · 2018. 1. 4. · kata penganta r puji sy ukur pe nulis...

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