place of parents teachers association in the administration of secondary school

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THE PLACE OF PARENTS TEACHERS ASSOCIATION (PTA)

IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL

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ABSTRACT

This study is aimed at identifying the place of parent

teacher association in the administration of schools in Esan

West Local Government Area of Edo state.

The instrument used for collection of data or information

in this research is mainly the questionnaire. The research

question was administered to four respond selected randomly

in Esan West Local Government Areas of Edo State.

To test in validity of the stated hypothesis from their

response, it was discovered that many of the respondents of

this research is as result of knowing how important the PTA in

the society.

Some findings were made in this research, which in the

school to develop the place of parents teacher association in

Nigeria.

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The act of passing on knowledge from one generation to

the other is the role of the parents. The parents are more

effective in imparting discipline and knowledge to students at

the very grass root level. It is therefore a known fact that all

parents have the natural inclination to give their children the

good things of life they are capable of providing for them. And

in the modern age, the major task is on the provision of

quality education and good standard of living. In the light of

this, parents have developed a very positive interest in what

goes on in school. It is this interest of parents in the education

of their children and wards in schools that gave birth to the

organization or formation called “Parents Teachers

Association”.

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During the latter years of the 19th century, the Parents

Teacher Association was first organized by a group of women

in America. The first meeting called “the national congress of

mothers” was actually held in 1877. It was this meeting that

stimulated the founding of the national congress was with the

sole aim to act in an advisory capacity of school in America

pence. It now goes by the name Parents Teacher Association

{PTA} and the functions, now includes particularly in

curricular development policy making and setting standards

in schools.

Abiola A.O. {1967} since Parents Teacher Association is

concerned with the student’s welfare and all round

developments that is why parents are giving a role in the

administrative management of secondary school. This means

that the Parents Teachers Association is interested in the co-

operation of the school system.

It is generally expected that all heads of primary and

post primary institutions that is head master/headmistress

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and principals especially the newly posted one should be able

to organize and participate in teacher association activities

single handled to ginger the staff and students. Therefore the

home and schools must work hand in hand to achieve full

educational objectives. Parents are experienced people who

are conversant with child psychology and development.

They therefore know the needs of their children at

difference stages of development. In view of this, the parents

are in a better position to give useful advice to teachers when

necessary. Individual parents could be invited to school for

discussion on their children welfare. Such as personal

cleanliness, behaviour and general progress.

When parents get home from those visits, they will see

their children’s work and also other work to compare. The

principal with assistant of some staff could point out the child

weakness and give suggestions for improvement.

The principal on his own part will also not fail to highlight

the good point about the children on the whole.

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The parents teacher association is a forum for teachers and

parents to meet and discuss issues relating to the welfare of

the parents and teachers. The parents teacher association

meets once or twice a year as the case may be to discuss

matter affecting the students and teachers and general issues

relating to the schools. But it may be necessary to invite

parents of students in affected classes to discuss particular

things affecting them. They turn out of the parents teacher

association on meeting depends on the publicity given among

the students.

The students therefore serve as a medium by which

information about the parents meeting reaches their parents

usually when they attend matters discussed at these meeting

are usually at general application to a student and matter

affecting the town and discipline of the school.

The more personal matters are dealt with by the head that

invited them and discussed with the parents, the more

interest they have for the school. Through the PTA meeting

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parents could be educated or enlightened. The benefits of the

parents teacher and students, it may be necessary to a talk

on discipline and causes, teachers delinquency through this

the parents will have an insight into the causes of the

students problem and know more effective discipline when a

new subject or policy is to be introduced. The PTA meeting

serves as a forum for getting this across to the parents and

teachers by the parents will be aware of the current

development in educational deals. Hence educational

advancement is regarded as the cornerstones for economical,

political, social and physical well being of nay country, it is an

important fact that countries all over the world give priority

attention to education in their budget. In the light of this,

education is seen as an instrument of change. A further proof

of the importance of education is what Professor Edmond King

(1969) says about it. It says that many countries educational

expenditure now preempts as much of the budget as

dispense if not more. In this education is seen universally as

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the most national mean of building a wholesome of mankind.

Nigeria as a country recognizes education as a key to

development and this reflects in the phenomenal growth of

such schools.

Since her independence in 1960, Nigeria had only two

universities as against fairly six as the moment and some

other ones being proposed and came into reality in the 80s,

which is the 6-3-3-4 system of education.

This system was aimed at training students towards self-

reliance and technological orientation by different states and

ethnic group of the federation. This is a reflection of the

increasing place education perform in the general growth and

development of the nation. The emergence of more

secondary school and government-increasing place in the

sectors and government increasing participating place of the

parents teacher association in terms of administration and

funding. Today Nigeria budget close to 3 billion for the

educational sector.

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The massive investment in education is aimed at producing

middle higher level manpower needs that this manpower

requirement can only be met if the primary and secondary

school are effectively programmed to give the necessary

background in education requirement by institutions of higher

learning.

Secondary schools can only play their place properly within

the framework of effective school management and

administration. Effective administration of secondary school

may only be attempted through a complete democratization

of the administrative machinery that involves not only the

education experts in the state board of education, local

government education authority, principals of school but also

teachers and parents who have a common view about the

students welfare. In the past, effective school administration

was conceptualized in terms of experts’ management by

micro level and the principals of the schools. Parents and

teachers were to help the school. Hence many secondary

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schools had at their signs of reading “parents may go beyond

the point”. As time went on, they will be realization that for

any secondary school to be able to meet her stated objectives

that administration should not only be concentrated in the

hands of experts but also those directly concerned about the

students which are parents and teachers.

In other words, there was the realization of

conceptualization of the school as a micro society. It was

highly considered necessary the more people be involved in

school administration instead of learning decision-making.

Over the years, the democratization of schools administered

of almost turning full circle for the signs at school gate

banning parents from going beyond particular points are now

gradually weaning out. Parents and teachers agencies in

different state of the federation have entered into association

seems to be geared towards improving communication

between education providers and their consumers and also to

keep parents together. Most of the functions or duties school

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could be adequately performed without the support of

parents teachers association will be known and called in this

study as PTA in edo state after the government took over

school from private agencies in the year 1973. There seemed

to be a general wish to establish PTA in the school.

This wish again now reflects the increasing realization of

the place of PTA. The organisation of PTA in most school

raises a number of questions as to;

a. Whether the PTA provide fund for school?

b. Without the PTA, can the school raise fund?

c. How much has the PTA help in the discipline of

students in school?

Really, the PTA provides funds for the school by way of levy

or donation.

Secondly, the school cannot raise levy without the PTA.

This is because PTA represents the community in which the

school is built.

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Finally, PTA has influenced the discipline of students in

schools.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Many factors gave rise to the formation of parents

teacher association in secondary schools especially in Esan

West Local Government Area in Edo State. It is likely that

there are lacks of schools facilities. It could be due to

shortage of manpower, which may involve PTA’s negotiation.

Again, it may be as a result of inadequate provision of

school materials for students. All these problems attract the

intervention of the PTA. It is probably whether PTA actually

acts to assist school in matters relating for day to day running

of schools. Thus, a formal study of this nature on the

influence of PTA in school management is very important.

PURPOSE OF STUDY

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of

parent teacher association in the schools administration

especially in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State.

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The PTA’s involvement in secondary school administration is a

kind of rendering assistance to government who always

emphasis self help development and this association help to

promote discipline among students by policies formation.

Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the place of

PTA in school administration.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

The place of parents teacher association in the

administration of secondary school is of great importance.

Quite very often, people attribute the success of most

secondary school management to the existence of strong PTA

organization in schools.

This study is therefore significant in the sense that, it will

throw more light on what the students, teachers, principals

and the general public perceived to be the place of PTA in the

administrative machinery of secondary school.

Again, as a result of its contributions the principals might

see their shortcoming and involved in a more effective

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approach to school administration. The result of the study

may provide reliable information on the nature of principal’s

leadership in schools, to school board of education {state and

local}. From this, they may redefine the policy on which

subsequent school administration policies will be formulated.

Therefore, this would enhance effective

teaching/learning and administration in our secondary

schools. Other researchers might find the study useful

particularly the function of PTA in school administration of

discipline.

RESEARCH QUESTION

The following research questions have been drawn up in

order to enable the readers to identify the functions of PTA in

school administration.

i. What are the roles of PTA play in the provision of funds

of schools.

ii. Does PTA improve the academic or moral twist of

students?

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iii. Does the absence of PTA in school affect the overall

development of the school system?

iv. Does the intervention of PTA in school affect the overall

development of the school system?

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

This study is confirmed strictly to Esan West Local

Government Area of Edo State. While the research topic is

restricted to the place of PTA in the administration of

secondary schools. The questionnaires, which the research

uses to collect data for this study, were administered in senior

school students SSS III.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is confirmed strictly to Esan West Local

Government Area of Edo State but the absence of good roads,

which led to lack of transportation.

Financial constraint, coupled with academic engagement

right now, the study is therefore limited to only five

secondary schools in the local government area. This study is

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again limited to the factor responsible for involvement of PTA

in the administration of secondary schools.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

In this study, the researcher will give brief definition and

explanation of he concept used.

School: This is defined as a place for teaching and learning in

a formal structure. That is, everything about a school must be

there such as chalkboard, writing desk and chairs, qualified

teachers etc.

PTA: Parents Teachers Association as the name implied is the

unionism or coming together of both parents, guidance,

teachers inclusive of pupils, student attending primary and

post primary schools of learning.

Administration: This is a social process concerned with

identifying, maintaining, motivating, controlling and unifying

formally and informally organized human and material

resources with in integrated system designed specifically to

achieve an objective.

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Discipline: This is the means where by children are trained

in orderliness of good conduct on the habit of getting the best

out of themselves all of which are essential to the well being

of the school. On the other hand, indiscipline is the opposite

of discipline and it simply put back of control.

For more project materials

Log on to www.grossarchive.com

Or call

+2348130686500

+2348093423853

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place of parents teachers association in the administration of secondary school

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