PipelineTechnologyConference

9-13 May, 2004Ostend, Belgium

Volume 4

TECHNISCHEINFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK

UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEKHANNOVER

«*•*«

Contents

Alphabetic list of principal authors xxiii

Volume 1

Session 1: KEYNOTE LECTURES 1

Improving long distance gas transmission economics:XI20 development overview 8C.W. Petenen, K.T. Corbett, DP. Fairchild, S. Paphi, and ML. Mario,ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co, Technology Applications Division,Houston. USA

Application of X80 in Japan: summary 31T. Masuda. Pipeline Dept., Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd, Tokyo, japan

T. Walanabe, N. Hagiwara, H. Yatabe, S. Kaivaguchi, II. Molohashi. and

N. Fukuda, Pipeline Technology Center, Tokyo Gas Co Ltd, Yokohama,

japan

The situation of advanced grade pipe steel in China 41Y. Wang, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS).Shenyang, PR Chinaj . Pan, Pipeline Bureau, China National Petroleum and Gas Company(CNPC), PR China

Dealing with present contracting philosophies of the oiland gas companies 55£. P. Heerema, Allseas Group SA, Chaiel-St-Denis Switzerland

Session 2: PLASTIC DESIGN 1 63

Yield strength and plasticity of high strength lineptpe (i5A. Glover and B. Rothwell, TransCanada Pipelines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Ductile fracture behavior of girth welded joints and strain baseddesign for high strength linepipes HIN. Islukawa, S. Endo, and S Igi. Steel Research Laboratories, IFF, Sta'lCorporation, Fukuyama, japanA. Glover and D Ilorsley, TransCanada PipcLmes Ltd, Calgari), CanadaM. OhataandM. Toyoda, GraduateSchoolof Engineering, Osaka University,Osaka, Japan

A plastic collapse solution for API 5L X65 gas pipeline 99J.-H. Back and W.-S, Kim, Research and Development Centre, Korea Gas

Corporation, Ansart, KoreaJ.-B. Choi, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkunkwan University,Suwon, Korea

ix

Session 3: LASER WELDING - LAWPIPET PROJECT 115

Longitudinal welding by laser and or plasma-laser process of1 i d pp h i t s p t lbmmthi 1 1 r energy transport 117

( RtjD Arcelor, France

1 h T I

j I I C s S Q ) uelines, France

t I ( :ece

I S '(.', >"'»[-, France

b I t I S ( sueit Gent, BelgiumI I 11

H i i n itirn if sist nre md pi isti sti lining capacity ofl i t i l isf r 1 It d pipe s i mt mmg flaws 135

/ D \ I I Sucre, Universitc.it Cent,I

Induction preheating and laser welding of high gradepipelines for energy transport: welding process optimisation 153C Gerardin and A Chehaibou, Institut de Soudure, Yutz, France

Session 4: PLASTIC DESIGN 2 161

An engineering approach to the prediction of the tolerabled( fer t si/f for sti un bisid d( sign 163K /-)()(//•) H IJi U n t i l \ I (tun and P. De Baels, Laboraiorium Soete,

I mi i sit it t i nt Btl nwn

Pl-istu sttainmi, ( apauu of a\i ilh loaded pipelines,f \p< unif ntal f it ts md < ntu il < ousiderations 183•v > i \\ i It n 1 11 Si in a d P. De Baeis, Laboratorium Soete,

I t ( n

v\ i h' M n i _ d i i i s i i r l j < i 'f i t s < n p l a s t i c s t r a i n i n g c a p a c i t y o f

M i ' i i ) idi d p * l m < s 2 0 9

^ i '1 ( /' Dc Batis, Laboratorium Soete,i I i 7

I ins iU s u m 1 nuts o ^ ith \ ids w ith surface-breaking defects1 air 1 \ n an ih ti( il li inn w oik 235Part 2: Exper imenta l correlat ion and validation 251Y Y Wang aiul IV. CJicng, Fiigineering Mechanics (Airp oj Columbus,(.olumhits USAI) llmsleii, A Glover and / Zoe, TransCanada Pipelines Ltd, Calgary,(,una< IIAMartin Mcl.amh, UP, Aberdeen, UK

Weld mismatch effects on the strain behaviour of flawsin XI00 (Grade 690) pipe and girth welds 267y.-Y. Wang, Engineering Mechanics Corp of Columbus, Columbus, USAD. llorsleij, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Weld area mismatch and pressure effects in strain-based design 279W Mohr. EW1, Columbus, USA

X

Strain based design guidelines for pipeline girth welds 291B. Mohr, EWI, Columbus, USAR. Gordon, EW1 MicroaUoijing, Houston, USAR. Smith, UDDc.pt. of Transportation, Washington DC, USA

Session 5: PIPELINE WELDING 313

Developments in the application ot'MIAB welding of pipelines 315L. Fletcher, C. Stubbs and G. Steelier, MIAB Pipeline Technology PtyLimited, Bright, Australia

Friex - Friction welding of pipeline girth welds 325P. Afschnft, Denys NV, Getu-Wondelgem, BelgiumP De Bac.m and W De Waele, Laboratorium Soete, Univc.rsite.it Gent,BelgiumK. Faes, Belgian Welding Institute, Gent, Belgium

Recent tandem welding developments for pipeline girth welding 335S.A. Blaekman and T.Liratzis, Cranfic.ld University, Bedford, UKR. Howard adn MGHudson. UP, Sunbury, UKD V. Dorling, TransCanada Pipe-Lines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Mechanised welding on in-service pipelines 357S.A, Blackman and R.Holdstock, Cranfield University, Bedford, UKW.A Bruce, EWI, Cleveland, USAD.V. Dorling, TransCanada Pipe.}.,ines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Validation of an in-situ weld repair procedure for "old" cellulosicpipeline girth welds 373W.N. Schipaanboord, Nederlandse Gasume, Groningen. NetherlandsR. Denys, W. De Waele, and A Lefevre. Laboratorium Soete. UnirersiteitGent, Belgium

Novel arc welding developments for pipeline root welding 3<'WS.A Blackmail Cranfield University, Bedford, UK. / Xorrish. Unit- ofWollongong. Australia, and D D Ilanvig, EWI, Columbus, USA

Evaluation of brittle fracture performance of girth welded jointsby beam weIding 403AI. Toyoikt. M Oh at a, Osaka Univcisity Osaka, japanN. Ishikaiva, T Shinmiya. IFF. Steel Corp, Ftikuijaina. lapanM Kncak, GKSS Research Center, Ge.csthaeht, Ganiunii

Session 6: DUCTILE FAILURE AND CRACK ARRESTORS 421

Application of X80 into Japan: Fracture control 423S. Kaivagucht et al., Tokyo Gas Co, Pipeline Teehnologii Center, Yokohama,japan

A study of ductile failure processes in high strengthlinepipe using damage mechanics methods 441R.M. Andrews, Advantica Technologies, Loughborough, UKS.H. Hashemi, I.C. Howard, and J.R. Yates, University of Sheffield, UKA. Edwards, Exploration & Production Technology Group, UP Exploration,Sunbury on Thames, UK

xi

Ductile fracture resistance characterization measurementimprovements 457A* Pussegoda, A. Fredj, and A Dinovitzer, BMT Fleet Technology Ltd,Kanata, CanadaA Glover. D. Harslet), and I. Carlson, TransCanada PipelJnes, Calgary.Canada

Fracture propagation resistance evaluation of XI00 TMCPsteel pipes for high pressure gas transportation pipelines byfull scale burst tests 467G. Demofonti, G. Mannucci, and M.Dt Biagio, Centra Siiluppo Materiali -Tenans Group, Products Application, Rome, hah/H -G Hillenbrand. Europipe GmbH, T.S., Ratingen, GermanyD Harris, Corns lubes. Hanlepool, UK

Crack arrestor design by finite element analysis for X100gas transportation pipeline 483G. Mannucci. M. Di Biagio, and G. Demofonti, Centra Sviluppo Materiali- Tenans Group, Products Application, Rome, Italy

A.Fonzo and P Salvini, University of Rome, ItalyA Edwards, Exploration & Production Technology Group, BP Exploration,Sunbury on Thames. UK

Crack arrestors 501H -G. Hillenbrand, Europipe GmbH, Ratingen, GermanyII. Brauer and G. Knauf, Salzgitter Mannesmann ForschungsinstitutGmbH. Duisburg, Germany

Design basis for fracture arrestors in gas transmission pipelines 515B.N Leis, X.K. Zhu, T.P. Forte and B.C. Glenn, Battelle, Columbus, USA

Volume 2

Session 7: OLD PIPELINES AND PLASTIC COLLAPSE 535

Assessment of mechanical properties in pipelines of unknownprovenance 537II L hmes, GF. Energy Oil f-f Gas, I'll Pipeline Solutions, Cramluigum.

Xurthuniiicrland, I !K

External MIC leads to reformulation of inspection program 549U'. Sloterdijk, R Boekholt and II.D de Ilaau, Gastransport Services,

Groinn^en. The Netherlands

Awareness of unexpected pipeline integrity threats 557HI) de Haan, W. Sloterdijk and R Boekholt, Safely Department.Gastrcoisport Services, Groningcn. Netherlands

Assessment of older pipelines - Part 1: Proposed methodologyand statistical approach 565P. Roovers, Fluxys, BelgiumR. Demjs and A. Lefevre, Laboratorium Soete, Llniversiteit Gent, BelgiumB. Lets, Battelle, Columbus, USAJ. Van Dtjck, Probabilitas, Leuven, Belgium

xii

Assessment of older pipelines - Part 2: Validation of initiationand propagation models 581P. Roovcrs, Fluxys, BelgiumR. Denys and A Lefevre. Laboratorium Soete, Universiteit, BelgiumB. Leis, Baitelle, Columbus, USAI. Van Dtjck, Pi'obabililas, Leuuen, Belgium

Local buckling and post-buckling behaviour of high strength linepipe .... 593T. Zimmerman and C. Tunms, C-FER Technologies, Edmonton, CanadaA. Glover, and j Zhou, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd. Calgary, CanadaN Suzuki, jFE REfD Corporation, Kawasaki, japan

Session 8: PIPELINE INSPECTION 1 605

Digital radiography in NDT applications 607E Deprius, GEIT, Agfa Gevaert, Mortsel. Belgium

Introduction of inspection of butt welded joints by the in-pipecamera system 615//. Moiisaki, M Kan and M. Tunamki, Osaka Gas Co Ltd, Osaka. JapanY. Kayamori, Nippoyi Steel Corporation, japan

Validation of current approaches for girth weld defect sizing accuracyby pulse-echo, time-of-flight diffraction, and phased-arraymechanized ultrasonic testing 627M, Lozev and R. Spenser, Edison Welding Institute, Columbus, USAD. Ilodgkinson, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd, Calgary, CanadaB Gremmet, BWX Technologies, Lynchburg, USA

Automated ultrasonic testing and high-performance pipelines:bridging the gap between science and practice 643T. Bouma, KontrollTechnik Benelux, Naaldwijk, NetherlandsR Denys, Laboratorium Soete. Universiteit Gent. Belgium

Integration of automated ultrasonic testing and engineering criticalassessment for pipeline girth weld defect acceptance 655R.M Andrews, Advantica, Loughhoroush. UKL.L. Morgan, MIC Ltd. Nottingham. UK

Inspecting seamless pipe welds of variable wall thickness usingultrasonic phased arrays 669iVf Moles, R.'D Tech, Mitsissauga, CanadaD Stewart and M. Gray. Oeeaneenng OlS, Aberdeen, UKH. Godeuol and II Romazzotti, Total. Paris and Pan, France

Session 9: FULL SCALE AND FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR 683

Deep water girth welds - a compromise between stress and flaw 685F TerJweve, Heerema Marine Contractors, Leiden, Netherlands

Constraint effects on linepipe toughness 703G. Shen and W.R. Tyson, CANMET, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa.

CamillaA. Glover and D. Horsley, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Xlll

In-plane resonance frequencies of a deepwater suspendedpipeline during J-lay 721RUM Ogmk.Deln University of TechniAogii. Debt, NetherlandsP Liu, Iiitec Engnieering. Deht, Netherlands

Longitudinal welded pipes with enhanced fatigue strength pipe 735AJ Erdelcn-Peppier. G. Knauf, and U. Mareivski, Salzguter MannesmannForschungsinstuut GmbH, Duistmrg, Gennarui0 Reepmeyer, Europipe GmbH, Ratingen, Germany

Studies on collapse testing of UOE linepipe for deepwater applications . 753L* Marewskt. Salzguier Mannesmann Forschungsinstitut GmbH. Duisburg,GermanyD De Geer, C-Fcr Technologies, Edmonton, CanadaH -G Hillenbrand. Europipe GmbH, Midheim. GermanyB. Weber and M Crawford, BP-EPT - Otfshore Systems, Sunburij, UK

Cyclic deformabilky of steel pipes with local metal loss and aseismicperformance of repair methods 773M Mnta and T Kurobe Folio Gas, Nagoya, JapanN Ogucin, Tokijo Gas Co, Toki/o, JapanY Okajima, Osaka Gas, Osaka, japan

Session 10: X100 AND X120 PIPELINE STEELS 787

Microstructural aspects of high strength pipeline girth welds 789;V.r Bangaru, J.Y. Koo and A. Ozeckin. Corporate Strategic Research,ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co, Annandale, USADP. Fairchild and ML Macia, ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co,Houston, I <SA

Production and development of pipes for conductors and riserswith strength level X80 and XI00 without pipe expansion 809

i I \ Schwinn, AG tier Dillmger I-luttenwerke, Dilltngen,

Kran-t v Hihlienbacli-Dalilbruch. GermanyHi ) i t t i ie X120 pipe mater ial for high pressure

i i s| TIT n l ines 823// II Etiiopipe GmbH. Ratuigen, (jennany

I j i i: (jinhll. Muiheim, t.,cn~nanyI 1 f Lleckmamt, Salzguter ManuesmannForsi-liungsinsutut

111)1 < errnamis ( / Ddlinger Huttenwcrke. Dilhngen, German)/

1 nnitic sti 1 pi i(( s for X100 and X120 8371 / f ssandK.-H 1'acke, AG der Dillingcr Huueuivcrke,IJ I i < i i inj

S a Su / s/i 1) stitute for Metals Research, Stockholm, Sweden\1< t illurgu il design of high strength steels and development

of X120 UOE linepipe 851/•/. Asalu fit al , Nippon Steel Corporation, Technical Development Bureau,Kimitsu Works, and Pipe & Tube Division, Chiba, Japan

XIV

Session 11: CORROSION AND MECHANICAL DAMAGE 873

The failure assessment for gas pipeline with multi-corrodedregions and with corroded defects in the welded region 875Y.K. Lee, M.W. Moon, andK.H.Oh, Seoul National University, KoreaY.'P. Kim and W.S. Kim, Korea Gas Co REsD Centre, Korea

Reeling-induced residual stresses and its effect on the fracture• behaviour of pipes with through-thickness cracks 887

Z L. Zhang, Norwegian University of Science, NorwayE. Osfby, I>. Nyhus, and j Odegard, S1NTEF Materials Technology,NorwayR. Verley, Statoil, Norway

Residual stress and distortion by pipeline welding 897M. Mochizuki and M. Toyoda, Department of ^Manufacturing Science,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, japan

An experimental and analytic approach for predicting the formationof dent and gouge damage on gas pipeline by an excavator 917C. Malatesta, G. Mannucci, and G. Demofonti Centra Sviluppo Materiali •Tenaris Group, Products Application, Roma. ItalyL. Barsanti, Snam Rete Gas, Milan, Italy

Exploratory study on the hooking of pipelines by excavating machines . 933R. Champavere and M. Zarea, Gaz de France, , Negoce and AY Dems LaPlaine, France

Ductile fracture model for a pipe with a dent 949I.V. Orynyak and A.V.Bogdan, Institute for Problems of Strength, Kiev.UkraineV.V.Rozgonyuk, Gastransii, Kiev, Ukraine

Session 12: PIPELINE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 961

Goal based regulation of pipelines in Canada 963K. Paulson, National Energy Board, Regulatory Development Team, Calgary,

CanadaManaging Australia's thin wall high strength pipelines:

Australian pipeline research 975M.j. Kunber. M j . Kimber Consultants Pty, Garran, AustraliaL. ffletcher. MIAB Technology Pty Ltd, AustraliaI. lladdow, Australian Pipeline Industry Association. Australia

Using benchmarking to optimise the cost of pipelineintegrity management 995/. Healy, D G. lories, A.j. Clyne, I'.B. Cazenave and D. Alkazraji, GEEnergy, Oil & Gas, PIl Pipeline Solutions, Cramhngton, UK

Getting a pipeline archive into a GIS 1009/. Peeters, Globe nv, Zandhoven, Belgium

Canadian pipeline safety performance indicators 1021K.Duckworth and K Paulson. National Energy Board, RegulatoryDevelopment Team, Calgary, Canada

XV

Realise the value of pipeline data management across the enterpriseby exploiting legacy databases 1031S Cloustori j Smith, and D Book, GF. Energy

Safety assessment for the DONGFANG 1-1 pipeline installation 1045/.. Zhang. Y. Zhang, L Huo and C. Deng, College of Matenal Science andEngineering Tianun University. Tiamm, P.R ChinaB. Bid, X Li and J. Coo, China Offshore Oil Development and EngineeringCorp.. Tariggu, P.R. China

Lowering a 42-in in-service pipeline in an estuary crossing 1061/ lit' la Motte, de la Motte & Partner. Reinbek, Germanyj . Spiekhout and S StratingJi, Gasunie - Gastransport Services, Groningen,NetherlandsH l.entfert andL. Veruaal. Visser&SmttHanab, Papendrecht, Netherlands

Volume 3

Session 13: PIPELINE STEEL PROPERTIES 1075

Effect of boron addition on the toughness and the microstructureof the seam weld metal 1077M Hamada, S Okaguchi, and Y. Konuzo, Sumitomo Metal Industries,Corporate Research Labs, Amagasaki, japanA Yamamoto, N. Takahashi, and T Ikcda, Sumitomo Metal IndustriesLtd, Kashtma Steel Works, JapanI. Takeuchi, Sumitomo Metal Industries, Tokyo, Japan

Microstructure and mechanical properties of API X80 gradeC-Mn-Nb-V-Mo linepipe steel 1089I -Y Yno, S-S Ahn, and H'.-V. Choo, Technical Research Laboratory,

POSCO, Pnhang, Korea

Application of X80 in Japan: weldabilitv 1099If. Motohu<hi and N Hagitcara, Tokyo Gas Co, Yokohama, japanT Masudu. japan Gas Association. 'Tokyo. Japan

Microstructure .-md toughness in the CG HAZ of X80 pipe steel 1117.Y Xiaoiina: Q Bcnnian. L. jingh. S Yujin, and W Yikang. Shanghaijiaoiong Uiuvt'isilii. Slianghui, PR ChinaI. Scngnian Institute of Metal Research, Academica Snuca. Shenyang,P R. China

Session 14: PIPELINE INSPECTION 2 1127

The status of in-line inspection for cracks in pipelines 1129K Relier and M. Beller, NUT Systems i'-f Services AG, Siutensee, Germany

On-line inspection vs quality management 1139Al. Celant and F Trennn, Pipe Team, Milan, Italy

Independent experimental verification of the, sizing accuracy ofmagnetic flux leakage tools 1149S. Westwood and S. Cholawsky, BJ Pipeline Inspection Services, Calgary,Canada

xvi

Session 15: WELDING CONSUMABLES 1159

Limitations of cellulosic-coated electrodes for heavy-wallpipe and fittings 1161M.Q Johnson, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USAW.A Bruce, EWI, Columbus, USA

The development of welding material for high strength pipe steel 1177X. Xuiohuai, Q. Bainian, Y. Shaofei, L.Qitan, and G XumingShanghaiJiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaL. Songnian, Institute of Metal Research, Academy of Science, Shenyang,P.R. China

Selection of welding consumables for higher strength pipelines 1187M.G Hudson, BP Exploration Operating Co, Sunbury on Thames, UKSA Blackmail, Cranfield University, Bedford, UKj Hammond, Consultant, Baldock, UKD.V. Darling, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd, Calgary, Canada

Welding consumables for cost-effective pipelines 1207D. J. Widgery. ESAB Group (UK) Ltd, Waltham Cross, UKM. Amata and I) Meyer, The ESAB Group Inc.

Welding of thin-walled pipes of steel grade X70 resp. L485 1223W.Bergcr, H.Koningsliofer,and M. Fiedler, Bohler Schwcisstechnik AustriaGmbH, Kapfenberg, Germany

Predicting the HAZ hardness of pipeline and tap fitting steels withartificial neural networks 1233Z Sterjovski, D.Nolan, D.Drucc, and J.Norrish, University of Wollongong,Australia

Session 16: PIPELINE PROPERTIES AND Y/T RATIO 1247

Understanding the hydrostatic strength test 1249M. Law, Australian Nuclear Science audTechnologyOiganisai ion. MaterialsDivision. Menai, AustraliaL Fletcher, MIAB Technology Pty Ltd. AuwaluiG gt titles. Agility Manegmeni Pty Lid, Australia

Influence of thermal treatment on mechanical properties ofUOE linepipe 12t>3A Liessem and A! K Grael, Europipe GmbH, Ratingen, Get manyG. Knauf and U. Mareivski. Mannesmann Forscliungsinstuut GmbH.Uuisburg. Germany

Evaluation of the effect of yield to tensile ratio on the structuralintegrity of an offshore pipeline by a limit state design approach ... 1283G. Mannucci, L. Di Vito. ami G. Malatesa, Centra Sviluppo Materiali,Tenans Group, Products Application. Rome, Italy, and A. Izquierdo.Tamsu, and G. Cuminu, Dalmine

xvii

Factors affecting pipeline failure strain 1305:Vf. Law, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation. MaterialsDivision Menai, AustraliaL. Fletcher. MIAB Technology Pty Ltd. AustraliaG Bowie, Bluescope Steel, Australia

EPRG proposal for a maximum yield tensile ratio in the Europeanlinepipe code EN10208-2 1317IV Sloierdijk, GasiransportServices (NV Nederiandse Gasunie), Groningen,NetherlandsT Zimmerman, C-Fer Technologies, Edmonton, Canada

The yield to tensile ratio effect on the structural reliability of linepipeswith degfects subject to different loads 1333FLA Ernst. f.A Villasante, and R. Bravo, Tenans Group, Buenos Aires,ArgentinaA Izquieula. Tenans Group, Veracruz, Mexico

Bending capacity of high strength linepipe 1361N Suzuki, JFE R&D Corporation, Kawasaki, JapanA Glover, j . Zhou, and K Adams, TransCanada PipeLines Ltd, Calgary,

Canada.M Toyoda, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Session 17: PIPELINE DESIGN 1375

Application of X80 into Japan: Earthquake resistance 1377H Yauthe, N. Fukuda, and T. Masuda, Pipeline Technology Center, TokyoGas Co Ltd, Yokohama, JapanM. Toyoda, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Strength and safety of gas pipelines through engineering design 1393R.F Loeches, Repsol-Enauas, Madrid. Spam

The classical approach to end-effect analysis of elastic pipe bend 14057 '/ Orym/ak ands. A. Radchenko, Institute for Problems ot Strength, Kiev,

f frameV V Rozganyuk, NaHo-Gas Ulrainij. Kiev, Ukraine

On the numerical calculation of collapse and collapse propagationpressure of steel deepwater pipelines under externalpressure and bending: experimental verification of the finiteelement results 1417R G Toscano, I, Mantovano, and E.N Dvorkin, Tenans Group, Center lorIndustrial Research, Campana, Argentina

Design and development of pipe-fn-pipe systems for ultra-deepwaterapplications 1429B. Peacock, Gams R.D.&T., Hartlepaal, UK

Construction of a transmission pipeline in Japan'shostile environments 1439D. Terai, Osaka Gas Co Ltd, Kusatsu, Japan

xvih

Worlds first 18-in reeled pipe installation 1455G. Broun and P. Thomson, Technip OffshoreM. Fryer, Corns Tubes Ltd, Hartlepool, UK

Finite element modelling of buried steel pipelines in settlement areas 1471M. A N Hendnks, CM.P. •Mart, and CM. Frissen, TNO Diana. Delft,Netherlands

Session 18: FITNESS-FOR-PURPOSE 1485

An overview of the pipeline defect assessment manual 1487A. Cosham, Penspen Integrity, and Cambridge University EngineeringDepartment, Cambridge, UKP. Hopkins, Penspen Integrity. Newcastle upon Tync, UK

Failure assessment diagram for assessing cracks in a weldmentheat-affected-zone of a natural gas pipeline 1503W.-S. Kim and J.-H. Back, Research and Development Center, Korea GasCorporation, Ansan,KoreaD. I. Kwon, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul NationalUniversity, Seoul, Korea

Integrity of reduced pressure electron beam girth weldsfor deepwater pipelines 1517IT G. Pisarski and C. Punshon, TWI Ltd, Cambridge, UK

Verification of fracture toughness and defect tolerance of XI20girth welds 1529M.L. Macui, S.D. Papka, andD P. Fairchild, ExxonMobil Upstream ResearchCo, Houston, USAR. Denys and A. Lefevre, Laboratorium Soete., Universiteit Gent. Belgium

The assessment of girth weld anomalies detected in an Argentinegas pipeline 1555P Rivurola. Refinor S.A., ArgentinaA Chjne, A Wilde, and R Peverelli, GE Energy. Oil S Gas, I'll PipelineSolutions, Argentina

Volume 4

Session 19: DEVELOPMENT OF PIPELINE STEELS 1 1571

Development of HFIW linepipe for offshore applications 1573B. Zimmermann, Mannesmann Line Pipe, Hamm, GermanyH. Brauer and U. Marewski, Sa;zgitter Mannesmann ForschungsinstitutGmbH, Duisburg, Germany

Advances in the production of quality high frequency inductionwelded linepipe 1595D. Simmons, Corns Tubes, Corby, UK

Recent developments of high strength linepipes in hostileenvironments 1603Y. Terada et al., Nippon Steel Corp., Kimitsu Steel, Chiba, Japan

XXX

Development of high strength heavy wall seamless sour servicelinepipe for deep sea 1619K. Kondo, M. Hamada, and Y. Komizo, Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd,Corporate R&D Labs, Amagasaki, JapanN. Hisamune, N. Murao, H. Osaka, and T. Murase, Sumitomo MetalIndustries Ltd, Pipe and Tube Works, Amagasaki, Japan

High grade linepipe for heavy sour environment 1633N. Ishikawa, S. Endo, and T. Shinmiya, JFE Steel Corporation, SteelResearch Laboratory, Fukuyama, JapanT. Wada, JFE Steel Corporation, Plate Business Planning Department,Tokyo, Japan

J. Kondo, JFE Steel Corp, Fukuyama Works, Fukuyama, JapanThe main directions of development of pipe steels and large

diameter pipe production in Russia 1649Y. Morozov, L. Efron, and S. Nastich, IP. Bardin Institute for FerrousMetallurgy, Moscow, Russia

Production technique for advanced grade pipe steel 1659Y.-Y. Shan, Y. Thong, K. YangandY.-K. Wang, Institute of Metal Research,Academia Sinica, Shenyang, ChinaF.-R. Xiao, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Yan Shan University,Qinghuang-Dao, PR. ChinaY.-P. Ma, Technology and Quality Control, Angang New Steel, Anshan,P.R. China

Session 20: DEVELOPMENT OF PIPELINE STEELS 2 1677

Metallurgical design of advanced heavy wall seamlesspipes for deepwater applications 1679E. Anelli, D. Colleluori and M. Pontremoli, Centro Sviluppo MaterialiS.p.A., Rome, ItalyG. Cumino, Dalmine S.p.A., Tenans Group, Dalmine, ItalyA. Izquierdo and H.Quintanilla, Tenaris Group, Veracruz, Mexico

Effect of fhermomechanical processing parameters on mechanicalproperties and microstructure of API-X80 grade hot rolled strips .... 1689K.-B. Rang, JH Bae and W.-Y. Choo, POSCO, Technical ResearchLaboratories, Gyungbuk, Korea

Effect of Cu addition on hydrogen invasion behaviour for X65 linepipesteels in sour environments 1701T. HaraandH. Asahi, Nippon Steel Corporation, Steel Research Laboratories,Chiba, Japan

Latest evolutions in material properties assessment ofsupermartensitic stainless steels as considered by a materialfabricator 1713P. Toussaint, Industeel, Stainless Steel Development, Charleroi, BelgiumV. Ligier, B. Bonnefois, and L. Coudreuse, Industeel, Centre de Rechercheen Matfrieux du Creusot, France

XX

The influence of carbon contents on the centreline segregationintensity in continuous cast slabs and plates of steel for largediameter pipes 1727Y.I. Matrossov, IP. Bardin Central Research Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy,Moscow, RussiaA.O. Nosotchenko andO.B. Isayev, Azovstal Iron &Steel Works, Mariupol,Ukraine

Development and production of X70 plate steel for WEPP 1741Huang Kaiwen and L. Jinshan, China Petroleum Material and EquipmentCorporationC. Qingwu, Beijing Science and Technology UniversityW. Zhenyu, Wuyang Iron and Steel Corporation

Session 21: PIPELINE COATINGS AND CORROSION 1749

External coatings versus stones : an aggresive relationship 1751L. Valin, N. Ramambasoa, and R. Batisse, Gaz de France, Research andDevelopment Division, Saint Denis La Plaine, France

Pipeline coatings and joint protection: compatibility considerations 1763R. Buchanan, N. Grids and D. Tailor, Canusa-CPS, Toronto, Canada

Microbe-assisted external corrosion in oil and gas pipelines 1779L. Stanley, P. Sofos and B. L. Jones, GE Energy Oil & Gas, PII PipelineSolutions, Cramlington, Northumberland, UK

Near-netural pH SCC resistance of pipeline steels: effect of materialand mechanical parameters 1789M. Meyer, Gaz de France, FranceL. Scoppio CSM S.p.A., ItalyB. Rudd, Corns UK Ltd, UKS. Matthews, Advantica Technology Ltd, UKJ.-P. Jansen, Europipe, France

Experience in the prediction of corrosion growth rates in oiland gas pipelines 1813P. Sofos, J. Dawson, andj. Race, GE Power Systems Oil & Gas, PII PipelinesSolutions, Cramlington, UK

Session 22: PIPELINE BEHAVIOUR 1831

An experimental and numerical study of the effect of pre-strainon the fracture toughness of linepipe steel 1833A. Cosham, Penspen Integrity and Cambridge University, Engineering

Department, Cambridge, UKP. Hopkins, Penspen Integrity, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKA. Palmer, Cambridge University Engineering Department, Cambridge,UK

xxi

The influence of tensile testing method on the measuredproperties of high strength steel linepipe 1857N.A. Millwood, G.C. Morgan, A.M. Wood and AD. Batte, Advantica Ltd,Loughborough, UK

Full-scale large deformation tests and ultra low cycle fatigue tests for evaluatingX-80 linepipe performance 1881

Y. Kawanishi et al., The Japan Gas Association, Tokyo, JapanHydrostatic testing of transmission pipelines: when it is beneficial

and alternatives when it is not 1895B.N. Leis, Battelle, Columbus, USA

Mechanical damage gaps analysis 1921B.N. Leis, Battelle, Columbus, USAP. Hopkins, Penspen Integrity, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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