Pilot Study for Plug-In Hybrids

Sustainability/Energy Committee

January 26, 2016

Overview

• Plug-in Electric Vehicle (EV) Pilot Project

• Employee Access to Charging Stations

•Next steps

Purpose of Pilot Study

• Maximize Fleet fuel efficiency

• Reduce GHG emissions

• Evaluate plug-in EV to supplement or replace hybrid sedans

Overview of Pilot Study

• Began in June 2013

• Purchased 2 Chevy Volts

• 2013 Volts operate on electricity first

– Rating: 38 miles

– Pilot: 30 miles

• Volt automatically switches to gas

Pilot Vehicle Assignments

• Assignments

– MWWTP pool

– Assigned to 3 different staff for 1 month durations then to Water Conservation staff

• EV charging stations installed at

– MWWTP

– Administration Building

– Adeline Maintenance Center

Pilot Results

• MWWTP – Used for short trips, routinely charged

– 77% of miles driven on electricity

– Total miles driven 2,347

– 90 MPG equivalent

• Individuals/Water Conservation – Used for longer trips, routinely charged

– 51% of miles driven on electricity

– Total miles driven 4,835

– 62 MPG equivalent

Pilot Results

• Volt fuel efficiency exceeded Prius

– Volts: 62 to 90 MPG

– Prius: 45 MPG

• If average use between charges is less than 40 miles, life-cycle costs are similar

• 2015 Chevy Volt rated for 53 miles

Employee Access to Charging Stations

• EV charging stations

– MWWTP

– Administration Building

– Adeline Maintenance Center

• 4 hours to charge Chevy Volt

– EV vs DC chargers (i.e., for Volt vs Tesla)

• Cost to add a station

– Material Cost: $2000 to $7,000

– Installation: $15,000

Department of Energy Survey

• Benefits – Attracts and retains employees

– Encourages employees to purchase electric vehicles

– Supports District’s sustainability value

• 80% of employers do not charge for access to charging stations

• 20% of employers charge fixed fee or cost of power used

Department of Energy Survey

• Issues with offering employee access:

– Allocating charge station time: company vs personal vehicles

– Prioritizing and managing use

– Administrative costs for tracking personal vehicles

– Liability for damage to personal vehicles

– Time for employees to move vehicles

– Installing and managing system for employees to pay for power consumed

Employee Access to Charging Stations

• District Challenges

– Installation cost high

– Chargers will be shared between District and personal vehicles

– Employee charging only available from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.

Next Steps

• Replace 4 Priuses with plug-in EV in FY17

• Evaluate costs for allowing employee access to charging stations including power, administration, liability and logistics

Photovoltaic Update

January 26, 2016

Sustainability/Energy Committee

Overview

• Net Energy Metering Tariff

• Adeline Maintenance Center PV projects

• Current PV projects

Net Energy Metering

•NEM

– Net generation against consumption on site

– Exported generation credited at retail rates

– Provides the best economic payback

•NEM-Aggregate

– Single generation project can apply credit to several accounts on the same, adjacent or contiguous properties

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Changes in NEM Tariffs

• Current NEM or NEM-A tariffs available until

– July 2017 or

– NEM cap - 5% of utility peak load, est. July 2016

• CPUC proposed replacement NEM

– Continue with retail energy credits

– Fee on exported energy

– No cap on NEM

– CPUC to revisit NEM in 2019

Adeline Maintenance Center PV

• AMC building 500 kW

• AMC shops 300 kW

• Fleet building 200 kW

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Maximum PV Size

Existing Electrical Capacity

• Insufficient electrical capacity to support max sized PV project

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Site Location Maximum PV Size

Electrical Capacity

AMC building 500 kW 150 kW

Shops 300 kW 270 kW

Fleet 200kW 150 kW Totals 1000 kW 570 kW

Maximize PV Project Size

•Determine electrical improvement and costs

• PV costs and benefits

•Maximum PV in Compliance with Energy Policy

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Maximize PV Project Size

• Apply NEM-A tariff to oversized PV projects

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Site Location

Maximum PV Project Size

Estimated Annual PV production

Annual Onsite Load

Estimated Excess PV Production

Admin 500 kW 850,000 kWh 750,000 kWh 100,000 kWh

Shops 300 kW 500,000 kWh 670,000 kWh -

Fleet 200 kW 350,000 kWh 250,000 kWh 100,000 kWh

NEM-A

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NEM-A Benefiting Accounts

AMC Electric Accounts Annual electric Load

Fueling A 102,000 kWh

Fueling B 10,000 kWh

Street Light 500 kWh

• Apply any excess PV generation to other accounts

• PV projects offset no more then than 100% of AMC total annual electric load

AMC PV

Next Steps

• Study electrical upgrades at AMC Dec 2016

• Issue RFP (2 size options) Feb 2017

• Negotiate PPA or Direct Purchase Agreements

May 2017

• Construct electrical upgrades and PV projects

Dec 2017

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Existing PV PPA Status

• Executed PPAs with SunEdison

– Camanche Dam 230 kW

– North Richmond WRP 230 kW

• SunEdison letter, January 18, 2016

– Request to increase PPA pricing

• PPA does not allow pricing changes

– Necessary for securing financing

• PPA allows termination if financing is unavailable

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PV Projects

Next Steps

• Reject SunEdison price adjustment

• Terminate PPA

• Begin discussions with SolarCity

– PPA Agreements

– Board approval

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QUESTIONS

?

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In-Conduit Hydroelectric Update

January 26, 2016

Sustainability/Energy Committee

Overview

•What is In-conduit hydro

• Briones In-Conduit Hydro Project

• Portland In-Conduit Hydro Project

In-Conduit Hydroelectric

• Smaller scaled hydroelectric generators

– Turbines

– Pump as turbines

• Uses existing water flows

• Uses existing infrastructure

– Tunnels, canals and pipelines

Briones In-Conduit Hydro

• Capture energy from water released from Briones Reservoir to Orinda Water Treatment Plant

• Energy currently dissipated through valves

Project Schematic

ORINDAWTP

BRIONES RESERVOIR

Briones Draft/Energy

Dissipation Valve

LAFAYETTE AQUEDUCT NO. 2

LAFAYETTE AQUEDUCT NO. 1

Briones PP

~230 feet

Project Schematic

ORINDAWTP

BRIONES RESERVOIR

Briones Draft/Energy

Dissipation Valve

LAFAYETTE AQUEDUCT NO. 2

LAFAYETTE AQUEDUCT NO. 1

Briones In-Conduit Hydro

Briones PP

~230 feet

Project Economics

• RFP issued December 2013

•Water Works Engineers

– Three 200 kW pump as turbines

– Project cost $2 million

– Electrical mechanical upgrades $2 million

•Net Present Value -$300 K

•Not compliant with District’s Energy Policy

Briones Center Upgrades

• Raw Water Master Plan (RWMP)

– Briones Center upgrades to improve the facilities long term reliability

– Electrical/mechanical upgrades support in-conduit hydro

• In-Conduit Project

– With WRMP upgrades provides a positive net present value

– Meets Energy Policy requirements

In-Conduit hydro

Next Steps

• Request funds for FY 18-19 capital budget

• Incorporate in-conduit hydro design in upgrades

• Proceed if consistent with Energy Policy

Portland In-Conduit hydro Project

• Constructed in 2013

• Rehab of a pressure reducing station

• Four 50 kW Lucid inline turbines

• 1,100 MWh/year

Financials

• 20-year sales agreement with Portland General Electric

• Average price $0.09/kWh

• Revenue

– Third party investor, financer of project

– Portland Water Bureau, use of water system

– Lucid Technology, maintenance

Portland In-conduit Project

In-Conduit Challenges at EBMUD

• Available water pressure

• Intermittent flows at facilities

• Locations with on site electric load

QUESTIONS

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