pilchuck's ehv-1 client education seminar
TRANSCRIPT
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8/6/2019 Pilchuck's EHV-1 Client Education Seminar
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The Facts:
Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1)
Wendy Mollat, DVMBoard Certified Large Animal Internal Medicine
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Equine Herpes Virus-1
Rhinopneumonitis, Rhino
Widespread within horse population
Three clinical presentations:
Respiratory disease
Abortion
Neurological disease
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Most horses infected by 2
years of age
Virus has dormant state
within horse
Reactivated during timesof stress
Transmission of EHV-1
Latently
Infected HorseStress
Virus ReactivationLatency Established
Infection of Foal/Adult Horse
Infection of Other Foals/Adult Horses
Equine Herpes Virus-1
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Respiratory Disease
Common among weanlings and yearlings
Mild fever, cough, nasal dischargeClear initially, may progress to thicker
and yellow
Incubation period 2-10 days
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Abortion
Most are late term (7-9 months of
gestation)
Respiratory transmission
Fetal tissue and fluids are infectious
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Neurological Disease
Clinical signs commonly reported are:
Fever
Hind-end weakness - paralysis
Incoordination
Decreased tail and anal tone
Inability to urinate or defecate
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Neurological Disease
First outbreak Findlay, Ohio (2003)
Genetic mutation of virus
More severe and widespread disease
Increased mortality
Multiple outbreaks nationally sinceOregon/Washington 2008
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Current Outbreak
$ $ $ $ $
State # Horses
exposed
in Ogden,
UT
# Horses
secondarily
exposed
# EHV-1
Suspect
Cases
# EHV-1
Confirmed
Cases
# EHM
Suspect
Cases
# EHM
Confirmed
Cases
# Dead or
Euthanized
Arizona "#! "$! %! %! %! %! #!
California &'! (! %! &! %! &! #!
Colorado )%! *+! #,! $! %! "! "!
Idaho )*! #'! #)! %! )! #! "!
Illinois #! ,! %! %! %! %! %!
Iowa &! &)! %! %! %! %! %!Minnesota #,! (! %! %! %! %! %!
Montana #$! #! #! %! %! %! %!
Nebraska $! (! %! %! %! %! %!
Nevada $! +! )! %! %! %! %!
New Mexico ,! (! )! #! #! #! #!
Oklahoma #! )"! %! %! #! %! %!
Oregon "%! #"%! %! "! %! %! %!
South Dakota '! (! %! %! %! %! %!
Texas "*! )")! (! (! #! #! %!
Utah (! (! #! &! "! ! %!
Washington )'! %! %! #! '! "! %!
Wyoming #$! )'! #! %! %! %! %!
Total !"#$ %#&$ '($ )($ ()$ ()$ *$
USDA-APHIS May 19, 2011
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Current Outbreak
State # Exposed Premises # Exposed premises with
suspect or confirmedEHV/EHM cases
# Exposed premises
with no suspect orconfirmed cases
Arizona ""! "! "#!
California $! %! $!
Colorado "#! %! &!
Idaho '(! %! ")!
Illinois "! #! "!
Iowa '! #! '!
Minnesota )! #! )!
Montana $! "! $!
Nebraska (! #! (!
Nevada )! '! *!
New Mexico %! '! $!
Oklahoma "! "! #!
Oregon "%! '! "&!
South Dakota '! #! '!
Texas "%! '! "&!
Utah $! (! $!
Washington '%! )! "+!
Wyoming &(! "! &'!
Total !"#$ #%$ !#%$
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Actions
State veterinarians notified of horsesexposed at the Utah show
Facilities with exposed horses in
Washington State on voluntary quarantine
26 premises quarantined in Washington
National monitoring by AAEP and USDA-APHIS
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Herpes Virus Transmission
Stress of transport and showing/racing
can trigger nasal shedding
Virus present in respiratory secretionsDirect horse-horse contact
Contaminated equipment (bits, buckets,
leads, etc) and hands
ALL horses have the potential to shed virus
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Prevention
GOOD BIOSECURITY
Vaccination
Immunomodulators
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Vaccination
Vaccines available for reducing theseverity of EHV-1 respiratory disease
and preventing abortion
No vaccine tested for mitigating EHV-1neurological disease
AAEP recommendations
Every 3-4 months based upon risk
Broodmares at 5, 7, 9 months gestation
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Immunomodulators
Zylexis
Killed Parapox ovis virus
Stimulated horses immune system to aid in
reduction of respiratory disease caused by
EHV-1 and EHV-4
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BIOSECURITY
Isolate all incoming horses for 2-3 weeks
Take temperature twice daily for
minimum 14 days
Disinfect all feed or water buckets and
equipment between horses
Do not put allow hose nozzle to contactwater or bucket
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Disinfection
Clean the surface
Bleach 1:10 solutionRinse three times before using item
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Controlling An Outbreak
Focus on exposed individuals
Isolate and monitor all new arrivals for
21 days
Quarantine sick horses or mares that
abort and contact your veterinarian
Testing for EHV-1 must be by blood andnasal swab
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Recommendations
Be smart and use good biosecurity all
the time, not just for this outbreak
Cases in this outbreak still have direct
link to Utah horses
Risk will never be zero