pigs in the world. pig population no. pigs pig population
TRANSCRIPT
Pigs in the World
china usa brasil vietnam
ger-many
spain poland france canada india denmark
russia holland korea5000000
105000000
205000000
305000000
405000000
no. pigs
Pig Population
No. p
igs
china usa brasil vietnam
ger-many
spain poland france canada india denmark
russia holland korea0
10000000
20000000
30000000
40000000
50000000
60000000
70000000
no. pigs
No. p
igs
Pig Population
china usa brasil vietnam
ger-many
spain poland france canada india denmark
russia holland korea25
50
75
100
125
150
175
change rate
(%)
Change in pig no.(’95-’05)
china usa ger-many
spain brasil france vietnam
poland canada denmark
russia italy phil korea0
10000000
20000000
30000000
40000000
50000000
pork prod.
Mil. M
/T
Pork Pord. by country
Pork
pro
d.
china usa ger-many
spain brasil france vietnam
poland canada denmark
russia italy phil korea0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
pork prod.
Mil. M
/T
Pork
pro
d.
Pork Pord. by country
chian usa ger-many
spain brasil france vietnam
poland canada denmark
russia italy phil korea0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
% change
(%)
% change in pork prod.
japan italy russia china uk korea0
200000
400000
600000
800000
pork import
Pork
im-
port
Pork import
denmark canada usa holland brasil belgium france spain0
250,000
500,000
750,000
1,000,000
1,250,000
pork export
Pork
ex-
port
Pork export
Pork per capita/yr, kg
Pork consumption by in-come
자료 : whole pig, 1999
france spain den holland ger uk italy korea-a korea-b0
25
50
75
100
125
150
etc. labor var. cost feed
pen
ce
Production Cost
1,850won
2,621won
2,430won
Sung H Kim and Hak Kyo LeeGyongi Regional Research Center, Hankyong
National University, Korea
Korea Breeding Pig In-dustry
– Now and Future
Past
Raising Pigs
Customer: Packer
Target : Productiv-
ity
Dressing %
Now
Producing
Pork
Customer: Con-
sumer
Target: High quality
and Safe Pork
Introduction: Pork Producer
Pig Farmers Pork Producers
Introduction: Pork Producer
Pork Producers produce
• Higher Quality Pork• With Lower Production Cost
• For consumers
To make Maximum Profit.
Introduction: Pork Producer
Pork Producers pro-duce
• High Quality Pork• With Lower Produc-
tion Cost• To consumers
For Maximize Sus-tainable Profit.
Sows
Boars
Breed
ing
Pig
Korea Pig Industry
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20105000000
6000000
7000000
8000000
9000000
5000
20000
35000
50000
65000
No. pigs No. producers
No. pigs and producers
Korea Pig IndustryNo. pigs per producers
1993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920100
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
84.2109.8140.8
195.8
294.1279.4321.7344.5
446.5514.7
605.6671
729
830
977
118312041253
No. pigs by produ...
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20095000000
6000000
7000000
8000000
9000000
10000000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
no. Pigs
slaughter Pigs
Pig
Pop
ula
tion
Sla
ug
hte
r Pig
sKorea Pig Industry
No. pigs and slaughters
Korea Pig Industry
Sow to Boar ratio by year
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010750
850
950
1050
15
25
35
45
55
no. sows no. boars
14:1
44:1
unit: thousand
Pork Production System
Berk-shire
Native Br.
Breeding Pig Industry
FunctionNo.
Farms
No. sows
Dam line Sire line Etc.
GGP
GGP+GP
GP
GGP+GP+C
H
GP+CH
Total
21
36
46
15
9
127
3,902
20,247
19,239
11,522
1,315
56,225
890
2,060
-
737
846
4,533
1,916
2
3,680
30
-
5,628
Table 2. Number of breeding pig farms by their function.
Breeding Pig Industry
BreedLand-race
Large White
DurocBerk-shire
etc. total
Sows
Boars
Total
14,852
666
15,518
41,373
751
42,124
2,197
453
2,650
2,076
104
2,180
5,74
4
166
5,91
0
66,24
2
2,140
68,38
2
Table 3. Number of breeding pigs by breed in registered breeding pig producers.
Breeding Pig Industry
Breeding Pig Industry
1998 2002 2004 2008
AI studs
Boars
Semen
sold
(thou-
sand)
45
810
na1
50
2,290
na1
56
2,682
3,098
49
3,293
3,583
Table 4 Number of AI studs and semen sold by year.
1: na: not available
Breeding Pig Industry
Days to
90kgor ADG1
Backfat Thick-ness
FCR1
Perfor-mance Re-quirements
135daysor 1,000g
15mm 2.2
Table 5. The minimum performance require-ments
for AI boars.
1: Average daily gain and Feed conversion rate
during 30-90kg body weight,
Breeding Pig Industry
Breed 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
USA
Canad
a
EU
etc.
Total
560
538
501
-
155
9
102
7
357
-
30
141
4
901
354
19
-
127
4
452
297
-
11
760a
690
327
344
-
136
1
119
0
350
41
-
158
1
103
9
762
481
-
228
2
659
110
1
277
26
206
3
592
477
195
-
126
4
205
102
-
-
307
b
Table 6. Number of breeding pigs imported by country and year.
a: reduced for swine fever, b: reduced due to Avian Flu.
Breeding Pig Industry
Breed2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Philip-
pines
Malaysia
Vietnam
Cambo-
dia
etc.
Total
114
-
-
-
200
314
93
109
80
-
-
282
-
34
-
-
-
34
- -
225
-
612
-
26
863
-
-
-
-
-
86
86
-
-
-
300
79
379
Table 7. Number of breeding pigs exported by country and year.
Breeding Pig Industry
Sex No.Days to
90kgBF LEA1 Meat
%
Fe-
male
Male
34,40
6
9,894
154.8
146.2
13.1
11.1
29.4
27.9
58.5
59.5
Table 8. The results of farm test of the pure-bred
from GGP in 2008
1: Loin Eye Area
Breeding Pig Industry
A1 B1 C1
Korea aver-age3
TB2
NBA2
Litters/
y/s
NW2
12.2
11.03
2.34
10.03
11.57
10.80
2.43
9.46
14.19
12.46
-
9.39
-
10.53
-
-
Table 9. Reproduction performance of some GGP in 2009.
1: three farms from major breeding pig producers in GGP level. 2: total born(TB), number born alive(NBA) and number weaned(NW), respectively. 3: average from 16,808 purebred LW and L sows litters in 2008, data from KAIA
Now and Future
Policies for Breeding pig Industry
• Financial supports for renovating GGP farms
• Core AI studs for sharing superior boars between breeding pig producers
• Developing software for genetic estima-tion through BLUP and Animal Mode
Now and Future
Pig Breeding
Improving the Performance+
Maintaining the improved per-formance
• Selection• Breeding
Strategy
• Genetic Net-work
• Mating Sys-tem
Now and Future
Core AI Stud
Building genetic relationships be-tween GGP farms
Build the networking systemConnected genetically
Bigger genetic populationRapid genetic progress
Acknowledgement
Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (http://www.mifaff.go.kr),
Korean statistical information service (http://kosis.kr)
Korea Animal Improvement Association (http://www.aiak.or.kr).
This work was supported by the GRRC pro-gram of Gyeonggi province.( GRRC2010-B03)
Korea Breeding Pig In-dustry
– Now and Future
Thank you
Pig Industry II
Hankyung Univ.Sung Hoon Kim
Breeding Pig Industry
note
No. of Sows 900,000
Replacement rate
35% 40%/yr
Culling rate 10% 15%
Potential de-mand
350,000
Replacement Gilts
900,000 x 35% ÷ 90% x 70%
Actual demand 245,000 70%
No. sold per company in 2008
• Over 20,000/yr : Kaya, Darby, Sunjin, NH
• Over 5,000/yr : Gusi, Kumbo, Farmsco
• Etc. : PIC, EZbio…
Breeding pig supplier
NoteNo. of sows 900,000
Litter/sow/yr 2.4
Amples/mat-ing
2.3
Farrowing rate
85%
Potential de-mand
5,845,000
Semen
Optimum boar no. of AI studs in Korea 4,091,000 ÷ 1200(100ample/mon/boar) = 3,400
Actual de-mand
4,091,000
AI Stud 70%
3,300 boars in 49 Studs • Over 20,000/month :
Darby, Sunjin, Semen Bank, North, West
• Over 10,000/mon : Farms world, Dodram, Gimje…
Semen from AI Stud
Integration
Leadership
Packer
▷Needs from Packer
▷Breeder, Farms,
Feed
Cooperatives
▷ Group Purchase, Group Marketing
▷Breeder, Feed,
Packer
Feed Mill
▷Needs from Feed
mill
▷Breeder, Farm,
Packer
Ownership
Maximize (vertical)
▷ Own all value
chain
▷ Stable Integration
Minimize (horizontal)
▷ Contracts
▷ Fortify control
power
Intermediate
▷ Own, Contracts
Example
USA (Smithfield)
▷27 mil/yr (’06,12%)
▷Packer, Max
Denmark (DC/DMA)
▷21 mil./yr (’06,96%)
▷ Coop., Min
Korea
▷ 2.5 mil/yr (20%)
▷ Feed Mill, Mid.
Pig Integration
Breeder Feed mill
FarmMgmt
Pork Value Chain
Production
Where the needs meet between production and marketing.
stable market place
- marketing channel
Higher price
Distribution
stable source
- same amount all year round
uniform and excellent
pork
Pig Integration in Korea
Using same Breeding Pig, Feed, Management
Weak leadership under low binding contracts.
Key Success Factor : Low Production Cost and High Qual-
ity Pork
Concept of Pig Integra-tion
• Good for consumer. • Always same quality as ex-pected.
• Uniformity!!!• Most influencing factor on pork quality is
Cooking !!!
Pork Quality
Breeding Pig
Breeding Pig
Performance
▷ Healthe Status
▷ Sire : Pork Qual-
ity
▷Dam :Reproductivi
ty
Sales Power
▷ Timing and
amount
▷ F1 gilts and se-
men
Farm, Feed Mill
Productivity
▷Low Production
Cost
▷ Specialization
Total Service
▷ Vet, Manage-
ment, Facility,
Waste tmt
▷ F1 gilts and se-
men
Slaughter, Marketing
Pork Quality ▷ Grade A, B, 1+
▷ Uniformity
▷ PSE (pH), Drip Loss
Differentiation ▷ Functional Prod-ucts
▷ Breed,
KSF for Pig Integration
Specialization
- 50 -
GGP (Great Grand Parent)
CH (Commercial Herd)
Roll : Genetic im-provement
Replacement itself : 3,000
Roll : slaughter pig(17 mil.)
Demand of F1 gilts : 262,500
Sow 900,000
GP (Grand Parent)
Roll : producing F1 gilts
Replacement pure-breed gilt : 21,000두
52,500
6,000
Production Pyramid
Production Pyra-mid
6,000
52,500
900,000
AI stud3,400 GGP
GP
CH
Breeder(AI Stud)
Pork Pro-ducer
Expensive
Genetic Improvement
Profitability Farm Magmt Heterosis
Specialization = Roll sharing
• Excellent Performance.
(Systematic Breeding Scheme.)
• High Health Status.
• Can Produce Uniform Quality Pork
Condition of Gilts and Semen
Breeding = Improvement + Maintenance• Basic : Genetic Potential• Improvement : Test, Evaluation, Selection• Maintenance : Systematic Mating
GGP : Breeding
Systematic Mating
A DCB E♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂
AB DECDBC EA♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂
ABCD DEABCDEABCDE EABC
♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂
A(BCD)E
D(EAB)C
C(DEA)B
B(CDE)A
E(ABC)D
Inbreeding coeff.=0.0 after 7 geneation with 60 sows
Breeding = Selection + Mating• Selection : improve as cus-tomers want
• Mating : Develop Korean Pig, Producing uniform pork
Pig Breeding
GP and AI Stud
AI Stud
GGP
Pork Producers
GP
GP and AI Stud
GP
Excellent Gilts
High health F1
Disease Monitor-
ing System
AI Stud
Excellent Boar
High health F1
Disease Monitor-
ing System
Supply high health gilts and semen
Pig Improvement• Individual GGP : Impossible• Effective Improvement : Size
• Network for GGP should be compulsory
Pig Improvement Net-work
• Should have experi-ence
• Compulsory(?)• Understandings for target country
Export
Genetic DAUGHTER GRAIN Source NUCLEUS PRODUCTION
(CHM) Stud F-1 gilt “Feed Production MILL”
SOW FARM
NURSERY WEAN & TO FINISHER FINISH
Slaughter Plant Further
processing FRESH PROCESSED Retail store
Farmer ownsManagement Contracts
Pipestone System
Thank You
Discussion