Pia Sundqvist

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Linguistics

Meeting 4

Language and the brain (ch.13)

First language acquisition (ch.14)

Second language acquisition (ch.15)

Pia Sundqvist

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Linguistics Today’s agenda

• Repetition of meeting 3 (semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis)

• Seminar on chapters 13-15 & mini-lectures

• Preparation for meeting 5• Qs?• Goodbye

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Linguistics Semantic roles for NPs

The FBI agent is going to save the patient.

agent patient/theme

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Linguistics Instrument

• Sinead O’Connor shaved her hair with a razor.

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Linguistics Experiencer

• Fredrik Reinfeldt felt tired.

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Linguistics Location

• Schwarzenegger lifted weights in the gym.

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Linguistics Source & Goal

• The child received a gift from Santa.

• Santa gives presents to children.

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Linguistics Lexical relationships

Example• Almost/nearly• Rich/poor• Flour/flower• /

• Vegetable/carrot• Foot (human vs. of

table)

Type• Synonymy• Antonymy• Homophones• Homonyms

• Hyponymy• Polysemy

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Linguistics Metonymy

Wheels = Car

Subcategory: Synechdoche

Greek ”simultaneous understanding”

Pars pro toto (a part for the whole)

Totum pro parte (a whole refers to a part)

The USA is at war with Iraq

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Linguistics Collocations

fast food

*quick food

*speedy food

Commit a crimeCommit an awful crime

Commit an extremely awful crime

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Linguistics The Gricean maxims

1. Quantity

2. Quality

3. Relation

4. Manner

The co-operative principle

Hedges

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Linguistics Cohesion & coherence

Pia Sundqvist

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Linguistics

Ch.13. The brain -left hemisphere

Pia Sundqvist

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Linguistics Aphasia

Pia Sundqvist

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Linguistics Links

• Broca’s aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2IiMEbMnPM

• Wernicke’s aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVhYN7NTIKU

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Linguistics

Tip of the tongue phenomenon

*fire distinguisher

=malapropism, ”near-misses”

for words

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Linguistics Slips of the tongue

Reverend Dr William Spooner (1844-1930)

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Linguistics Spoonerisms

• Tips of the slung

• Tease my ears• A lack of pies• It's roaring with

pain• Wave the sails

• Slips of the tongue

• Ease my tears• A pack of lies• It’s pouring with

rain• Save the

whales

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Linguistics Slips of the ear

♫’Cause I’m strong enough

’Cause I’m Stroganoff

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Linguistics Important terms ch.13

Term• Neurolingustics

• Malapropism• Dichotic listening• Right ear advantage• The critical period

hypothesis…

Definition• The study of the

relationship b/w language and the brain

• Near-miss for word• ?• ?• ?

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Linguistics Ch.14 – L1 acquistion

Victor de Aveyron

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Linguistics Genie – a feral child

• California, 1970s• Aged 13• Severe child abuse• Growling, barking• Critical period• Susan Curtiss • YouTube:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEnkY2iaKis&feature=related

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Linguistics Dungeon children

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Linguistics Terminology

• Caregiver speech• Cooing and babbling• The one-word stage, age?• The two-word stage, age?• Telegraphic speech, age?

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Linguistics More terms…

• Developing morphology– overgeneralization

• Developing syntax• Developing semantics

– overextension• Forming Qs & negatives• The acquisition process – similar

order, different pace

Developmental sequences

1) What?2) Where? Who?3) Why?4) How? When?(Bloom, 1978)

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Linguistics Jim

Sachs, Bard & Johnson. (1981). Language learning with restricted input: Case studies of two hearing children of deaf parents. Applied Psycholinguistics, 2 (1), 33-54.

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Linguistics Seminar

The four sharings:

Worksheet 4

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Linguistics Next time

• More about second language acquisition

• Teachers!• Register for the

exam!• Werewolf boy

(2007) – ”Lyokha”

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Linguistics The end

Good luck

studying