physical science from the poles
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This presentation was given at the NSTA regional conference in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 1, 2008.TRANSCRIPT
Saturday, November 1, 2008
Physical Science from the Poles
Jessica Fries-GaitherElementary Resource Specialist and Project Director
Ohio State [email protected]
http://beyondpenguins.nsdl.org
Today’s presentation features material related to the August 2008 issue: Water, Ice, and Snow
Resource list provided at the end of the session.
Why study water, ice, and snow?
• We can observe it (directly/indirectly) in all three states
• Specific gravity and calories are determined using water’s properties
• Students have firsthand experience
• Easy to make real world connections
Water in the polar regions: solid, liquid, and gas.
Chris Linder, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute
What can snowflakes teach us about water?
http://www.classzone.com
Liquid water
Solid water
Pidwirny, M. (2006). "Physical Properties of Water". Fundamentals of Physical Geography, 2nd Edition. Date viewed: October 16, 2008.
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8a.html
Floating Ice
National Science Foundation
Ice formation
Ice on land is usually from precipitation, unless it is freezing water that is present in saturated soil.
Ice forming on water develops at the liquid surface of the water…and therefore on the bottom of any ice layer at the surface.
National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation
Land-based ice
• Ice Sheet
• Ice Field
• Ice Stream
• Glacier
National Science Foundation
Henning ThingDanish Polar Centre
Glaciers
http://www.answers.com/glacier
National Science Foundation
Land-based ice…over the ocean
• Ice shelf
• Iceberg
National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation
Ice on/in the ocean
• Sea Ice• Ice Floe
Photos courtesy of Dr. Vicky Lytle, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas; National Science Foundation
Effects on sea level: Land ice vs. sea ice
National Science Foundation
Jason BoxByrd Polar Research Center
Land Ice•Above sea level•Formed from fresh water•Melting will raise sea level
Sea Ice•Already floating•Formed from sea water•Melting will not raise sea level
Ice in the Polar Regions
Images not to scale
U.N. Environment Programme: http://maps.grida.no/arctic/ Byrd Polar Research Center
Ice and the National Science Education Standards
Science as Inquiry
Physical Science
- States and Changes of Matter
- Properties of Matter (buoyancy, density)
Life Science
- Ice as a platform for many species
Earth and Space Science
- Water Cycle
Science in Personal and Social Perspectives
- Changes in polar ice caps
States & Changes of Matter
Water and Ice
Heat Energy and Water
Students in grades K-2 observe water as it changes states.
Students in grades 3-5 investigate heat's effect on water.
Hands-on investigations and content area reading
States & Changes of Matter
How Do Snowflakes Become Ice?Model glacier formation with marshmallows.
Do It Yourself Iceberg ScienceCreate icebergs with film canisters.
Sea Ice SetA collection of images and video.
Polar Connections: glaciers, icebergs, sea ice
Misconception Alert!
A change in state (melting, freezing) means a change in mass.
Formative Assessment Probe:“Ice Cubes in a Bag” (Vol. 1)
Use formative assessment to elicit student ideas and plan instruction accordingly.
Blue Ice Melt:
Ice can melt with pressure.
Misconception Alert!
Solids can only melt with heat.
Target with an activity that involves a discrepant event.
Henning ThingDanish Polar Center
KptysonFlickr
Larger volumes of water need lower temperaturesto freeze.
Misconception Alert!
Use formative assessment to elicit student ideas and plan instruction accordingly.
Formative Assessment Probe:“Freezing Ice” (Vol. 2)
Density and Buoyancy: Grades K-2
Sink or Float? Students determine whether objects sink or float in water. Include ice in various shapes and sizes!
Do It Yourself Iceberg ScienceCreate icebergs with film canisters, watch them float.
Density and Buoyancy: Grades 3-5
Water Molecule PocketsDemonstrate liquid water’s molecular structure with a discrepant event and a model.
The Magic Trick with Ice A discrepant event – an ice cube floats in water but not rubbing alcohol.
Water expands as it freezes because the molecules become larger.
Misconception Alert!
Use content area reading and models to help students visualize water’s molecular structure.
Nonfiction stories for students
Feature Story column of themagazine
Available at three grade levels (K-1, 2-3, and 4-5)
Available as text, illustrated book, and electronic book
Misconception Alert!
Floating or sinking is based on an object’s weight.
Use formative assessment to elicit student ideas and plan instruction accordingly.
Formative Assessment Probes:“Floating Logs” & “Floating High and Low” (Vol. 2)
The global water cycle
Don’t forget about ice and snow!
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears Issue 5 (August 2008): Water, Ice, and Snow
The Straight Edge, Inc.http://www.straightedgeinc.com/
Beyond Penguins Web Seminar Series: November 13th--Energy and the Polar Environment
http://expertvoices.nsdl.org/polar
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears August 2008, Issue 5 http://beyondpenguins.nsdl.org
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears Blog
Interested in learning more?
Post: Physical Science From the Poles
