physical health assessment.pptx

7/29/2019 PHYSICAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT.pptx

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PHYSICAL HEALTHASSESSMENT


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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Define physical examination.

List three types of physical examination.

Discuss preparation of client and environment in

physical examination. Explain three methods of examination.

Demonstrate the skill used in physical examination.

Appropriate the effective communication skills

and maintaining privacy in physical examination.


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DEFINITION

Is an examination of the bodily state of the

patient by ordinary physical means, such as

inspection, palpation, percussion and

auscultation.(Barbara F. Weller 2009)


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PURPOSES

Obtainbaseline data

Identifiedproblem

Screen healthproblem

Confirm &support data

Help establish nursingdiagnosis & plan of care


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IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

Inform procedure aspects.

Attend patients need prior to procedure.

The examination table/ bed must properly

situated.

Comfort the patient as possible during the

examination.

Wash your handConducted systematically head to toe.


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Continue speaking to the patient.

Establish good patient nurse relationship.


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TYPESOFPHYSICALASSESSMENT

Complete head to toe

Admission (inpatient)

Medical check up

Initial home visit

Comprehensivephysical

assessment

Urgent situation focus onpresenting problems

Focusedphysical

assessment

Performed as needed toupdate patients status

Ongoingassessment


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METHODS

Inspection

Auscultation

Percussion

Palpation

Teach the eye to see, the finger to feel, and the ear to hear.


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INSPECTION

Visualexamination

Sense of sight

Deliberate, purposeful, systemic

Additionally olfactory and auditorycues are noted

To assess: moisture, color, texture,shape, position, size color, symmetrical


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AUSCULTATION

Is a process of listeningto sounds procedure

within the body.

Direct- used unaidedear

Indirect- use of stethoscope(bowel sound, heart sound)


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PALPATION

Examination of body usingsense of touch.

The pads of the fingers usedbecause of their sensitivity.

Determine texture, vibration, mobilityof organ or mass, distention,

pulsation, pain upon pressure.


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PERCUSSION

Act of striking partwith short, sharp,

blow.

Indicates whether tissues isfluid filled, air filled or solid.


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PREPERFORMANCE PHASE

Preparing the environment

- Time, equipment, privacy, room temperature.

Greet and explain the procedure.

Instruct to empty the bladder.

Positioning the patient

Wash hands


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PERFORMANCE PHASE

HEAD

Observe the size, shape and contour of the scalp.

Observe scalp in several areas by separating thehair at various locations; inquire about any injuries.Note presence of lice, nits, dandruff or lesions.

Palpate the head by using pads of fingers over theentire of skull; inquire about tenderness upon

doing so. Observe and feel the hair condition.


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EYE

Check sclera,conjunctiva, eye lidand eyebrow

Press lower eye lid toexpose conjunctiva

Ask patient to roll theeye or followdirections showed bynurse

NOSE

Inspects forsymmetry

Inspects fordischarge

Ask regarding airflow/ breathingpattern

Palpate to feel anttenderness


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EARS Turn patient

head to assessthe ears

Assess forlaceration,discharge

Check for

symmetry

MOUTH Observe lip

condition (dry,moist)

Observe forsymmetry

Open mouth toassess inner

part tongue,tonsils, uvula

NECK Inspected for

positionsymmetry

Inspected forobvious lumpsvisibility of thethyroid glandand jugular

venousdistension ornodes


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CHEST/BREAST/AXILLA

Expose chest area/ bothbreast, checked forsymmetry and skin

condition, size Cover one side, elevateand place hand of theother side under the head

Palpate breast circular

motion, outer to inner Palpate axilla for nodes

ABDOMEN

Use finger pads to runalong the abdomen

Repeat until all area

covered Checked condition of

skin


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UPPER LIMB

Ask patient tomoveextremities

(ROM) Checked for

capillary returnand digits

Checked skincondition

GENITALIA

Check fordischarge orredness orodor

If notpermitted toassess ask

questions

LOWERABDOMEN

Ask patient tomove

extremities(ROM)

Checked forcapillary returnand digits

Checked skincondition


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BACK

Expose back and observe

skin condition Observe for spine condition

(spine should be straight,with slightly curvature in the

thoracic area)


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physical health assessment.pptx

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