Signographic:

Drawn, painted and fabricated letterform

Calligraphic:Freehand letters or art of beautiful writing

Typographic:Letter character that hasdeveloped by some mechanical system

Letterforms

Type Measurement

A special scale known as Pica Scale is used for type measurement

Unit of Pica Scale: Points and Picas

12 points = 1pica6 pica or 72 pts. = 1 inch( approx.)

Type Measurement

72ETy

Ty

TyA type is measured by its body, not by its face. The body height is the only features that remains constant, faces are variable.

To get the body height, draw the parallel lines , one from top of the ascender and another from bottom of the descender.

By matching the specimen capital letter you can find that required size of type.

Font and Family

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijkl mnopqrstuvwxyz123456789,.;:()&* %$#@

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789,.;:()&* %$#@

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789,.;:()&* %$#@

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789,.;:()&* % $ # @ 123456789,.;:()&* % $ # @

Font is formal term that includes all of the upper and lowercase letterform, numerals, punctuation, symbols, etc. that comprise a particular size, style and weight.

A Family of type include all the variations of a type design in all sizes.

1. Classical (a) Text: Thick and thin fancy lines with short angular strokes Family: Old English. Gothic

(b) Roman: Thick and thin strokes with serif attached to the main strokes

Family: Palatino, Times Roman

Design Style of Faces

2. Lineal (a) Square Serif: Uniform strokes within a letter with serif Family: Rockwell, Serifa

(b) Sans serif: Even body without serif

Family: Arial, Avant Garde

Design Style of Faces

3. Fancy (a) Decorative: Highly decorated faces not having clear cut characteristics Family: Gallia, Amelia

(b) Novelty: Legible minimum decorative faces

Family: Optima, Souvenir

Design Style of Faces

4. Handwritten (a) Script: Resembles calligraphy but mechanically developed. Mainly joint letters.

Family: Brush, Commercial

(b) Cursive: Separate letters handwritten style

Family: Coronet, Legend

Design Style of Faces

Family variationsW

EIG

HT Light

Medium

Bold

Family variationsW

IDT

HNormal

Condensed

Expanded

Family variationsP

OS

TU

RE

Roman

Italic