physic terms
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form 4 and form 5 physics termTRANSCRIPT
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Class: 4Sc1
Teacher: PN. NOR SUHALA BINTI ABDULAbsolute zero of temperature
This is the lowest possible temperature .2) Accelaration, a
Change of velocitytime
= Change of velocity per time
3) Accuracy
The ability to give measurement that are close to the actual value of the quantity.4)Atmospheric pressure
The pressure caused by weight of the Atmosphere on the Earths surface.
5) Base quantity
Physical quantity that cannot be defined in terms of other base quantities6) Boiling point
The constant temperature when liquid change to gas 7)Buoyant force
The upward force resulting from an object being wholly or partially immersed in a fluid 8) Consistency
The ability to give little deviationwhen a quantity is measured several times 9) Critical angle
The angle of incidence when the angle of refraction in the lessdense medium is 9010) Density
MassVolume
=Mass per volume11) Derieved quantity
A derived quantity is a Physics quantity that is not a base quantity. It is thequantities which derived from the base quantities through multiplying and/or dividing them12) Efficiency
Energy outputEnergy input
EoEiX100%X100%13)Elastic collision
Type of collision where objects Collide and bounces off perfectly14)Elastic limit
The maximum force that can be applied to a spring such that the spring is still elastic15) Elastic potential energy
The energy stored in a spring when it is extended or compressed16)Elasticity
The property of material that enablesit to return to its original shape and sizewhen the force acting on it is removed17)Focal length
The distance between the focal point and the optical centre of the lens18)Focal point
A point on the principal axis where all parallex rays to the axis converge after pasing through a convex lens, or appear to diverge from afterpassing through a concave lens19)Force constant
The force that is required to produce oneunit of extension of the spring20) Forces in equilibrium
A state where the resultant forcesacting on an object is zero21) Free fall
Failing under the force of gravity22) Gas pressure
The pressure caused by the collisions of gasmolecules with the walls of container.23)Freezing point
The constant temperature when liquid change to solid 24) Gravitational field strength
Gravitational of forcemass25) Gravitational potential energy
The energy of an object due to itshigher position in the gravitational field26)Heat capacity
The quantity of heat that must be suppliedto a substance to increase its temperature by 1c27)Impulse, Ft
Change of momentum in a collision or explosion28) Impulsive force, F
Change of momentumTime in a collision or explosion29) Inelastic collision
Type of collision when objectcollide and get attached toone another30) Inertia
The natural property of object to remain at rest or, if moving
31) Kinetic energy
The energy of an objectdue to its motion32) Latent heat
The quantity of heat absorbed or released during a change of phase at constant temperature33) Lateral inversion
Image remains upright but the left and the right side are intercharging34) Lifting force
The upward force resulting from the difference In pressure due to the difference in fluid velocity35) Melting point
The constant temperature whensolid change to liquid36) Mirage
A phenomenon which occurs in a hot day. A distant road will appear to have pools of water lying on the surfaces.37) Momentum
Mass X Velocity38) Parallex error
A type of error occurs when a readingis taken from an unsuitable postion.39) Power
Work doneTime40) Pressure
Force Area41) Real image
Image that can be captured on a screen.42) Refraction
A phenomenon where the directionof light is changed when it Crosses two materials of different optical densities.43) Refractive index
Speed of light in vacuum or airSpeed of light in the mediumN=44) Resultant force
A single force that can represent the combined effect of two or more forces45) Scalar quantity
Phisical quantity that hasmagnitude but no direction
46) Sensitivity
The ability to detect small change in the quantity to be measured
47) Specific heat capacity
The quantity of heat required to increase the temperature of 1kg of the substances by 1 degree celcius 48) Specific latent heat
The quantity of heat required to change the phase of 1kg of the substances at a constantTemperature
49) Specific latent heat of fusion
The quantity of heat required to change1kg of the substances at a constant temperature
50)Specific latent heat of vaporisation
The quantity of heat required to change 1kg of the substance from liquid to gaseous without a change in temperature
51) Speed
DistanceTime =Rate of change distance per time52) Thermal equilibrium
The state where two objects in thermal contact has no net transfer of heat energy between each other and two objects have the same temperature 53) Total internal reflection
A phenomenon when a light ray passes from a denser medium towards s less dense medium with the angle of incidence greater than the critical angle.
54) Vector quantity
A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction55) Velocity
Displacement Time
56) Virtual image
Image that cannot be captured on a screen57) Weight
Mass X gravitational field strength 58) Work done
Force X displacement in the direction of the force59) Zero error
A type of error where the reading shown on the instrument is not zero when no quantity is being measured
60) Alternating current
A current which changes its directions alternately
61) Amplitude
The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position62) Antinodal lines
The lines joining places of constructive interference63) Antinode
A point where constructive interference occurs 64)Atomic mass unit
The unit of mass which is equals to one twelve of the mass of C 126atom65) Catapult force
A force produced on the conductor by the combined magnetic fields of a permenant magnet and a current carrying conductor 66) Cathode ray
A beam of electrons moving very fast from the cathode to the anode in a vacuum tube 67) Chain reaction
The neutrons from the fusion process continue to split other nuclei causing further fission 68) Coherent sources
Sources of waves having the same frequency, same wavelength and in constant phase difference 69) Constructive interference
Type of interference of waves which occurs when the crest or the trough meet with a trough to get miaximum amplitude
70) Damping
A phenomenon where the amplitude of an oscillation gradually decrease.
71) Destructive interference
Type of interference of waves which occur when the crest of one wave meets with the trough of other wave. The resultant amplitude is zero.72)Diffraction od wave
A phenomenon in which waves spread out as they pass through a small opening or around a small obstacle.73)Direct current
A current which flow in one direction 74) Doping
The process of adding a small amount of impurities into the semiconductors to increase the conductivity.75) Effective resistance
The combined resistance of two or more resistors in series or parallel 76) Electric current
Quantity of charge flowTime 77) Electric field lines
The lines showing the path that would be taken by a positive test charge placed in the electric field78) Electric power
Electrical energy transferredTime
79) Electromagnet
A device which become a magnet when electric current flows through it and loss the magnetism when current stop flowing80) Electromagnetic induction
A process to produce electric current by a changing magnetic field 81) Electromagnetic waves
Type of waves which propagate in space with electric and magnetic components oscillating at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation82) Electromotive force
The work done by electric source is driving one coulomb of charge around a complete circuit 83) Forward bias
The negative end (cathode) of the diode is connected to the negative terminal of the cell84) Frequency
The number of waves produced by a source in one second 85) Half life
The time for the radioactive nuclei to decay until half of the mass (radioactivity) remains86) Interference of waves
A phenomenon occurs due to the superposition of two waves from two coherent sources 87) Internal resistance
The resistance within a cell or source of electricity due to the electrolyte88) Isotopes
Atoms with the same proton number but different nucleon number89) Logic gates
The switching circuits in computers and other electronic system. They have one or more input and only one output90)Longitudinal wave
Type of wave where the vibration of particles in the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave91) Magnetic field
A region in which a magnetic material experiences a force due to the present of magnet.92) Mass defect
The lost in mass in radioactive process 93) Monochromatic light
Light of only one colour or one wavelength only94) National grid network
Vast network of cables to transmit electricity from power station to consumers95) Nodal lines
Lines joining the places of destructive interference95)Node
A point where destructive interference occurs .97) n-type semiconductors
Type of semiconductor where pure semiconductor dopes with pentavalent atoms so that the elctrons are the majority charge carries 98) Nuclear energy
The energy released during the splitting and fusing of atomic nuclei.99) Nuclear fission
A process in which a heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei with the released of great amount of energy 100)Nuclear fusion
A process in which two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus with the released of great amount of energy 101) Nucleon number
The total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus102) Period
Time taken to complete one oscillation 103) Periodic motion
A motion that repeats itself in equal intervals of time104) Potential difference
The amount of work done when one coulomb of charge passes from one point to the other point in a circuit 105) Proton number
The number of protons in a nucleus106) p-type semiconductors
Type of semiconductor where pure semiconductor dopes with trivalent atoms so that the holes are the majority charge carries107) Radioactivity
The spontaneous and random disintegration of unstable nucleus the emission radioactive rays . 108) Radioisotopes
Isotopes of an element the are radioactive 109) Rectification
A process of converting alternating current into direct current 110) Refraction of wave
A phenomenon where wave changes direction when is travels through mediums with different optical densities 111) Resistance
Potential difference Current
112) Resonance
A situation in which a system is forced to vibrate with maximum amplitude by an external force of the same frequency 113) Semiconductor
A material whose resistance is between conductors and insulators 114) step-down transformer
A device used to lower the potential difference of an alternating current supply 115) step-up transformer
A device used to raise the potential difference of an alternating current supply 116) Superconductors
Metals and compound whose resistance suddenly fail to zero when it is cooled below a certain critical temperature , Tc117) Thermionic emission
A process involving the emission of electrons from a hot metal surface.118) Transverse wave
Type of wave where the vibration of particles in the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave119) Wavefront
A line or plane joining all the points of the same phrase 120) Wavelength
The distance between two adjacent crest (or distance between two trough)