phylum cnidaria adam

Acropora(EOCENE--RECENT)

Arellia(Holocene)

1.

CLASS ANTHOZOA (SCLERACTINIA)

"Staghorn Coral" Ramose hermatypic colonie,coenosteum light weight, porous, generally

spinose or striate on surface, calyx has septainserted in just 2 cycles. NO COLUMELLA.

2.

CLASS SCHYPHOZOA

Living jellyfish, Look for mouth, tentacles,ectoderm, endoderm, mesoglea, four-pouchedenteron, oral side, aboral side, and four fold

radial symmetry.

Astrangia(MIDDLECRETACEOUS-RECENT)

Aulopora(ORDOVICIAN--PERMIAN)

3.


Corallum compound. Encrusting tomassive. no hermatypic. Plocoid (Corallites

have separate, elevated walls,connected/separated by narrow interveninglayer of coenosteum.) calyces nearly flat or

slightlyelevated; septa dentate; columella with

papillate texture.This is the only coral that lives in the sandy,

near-shorezone of the Northwest Gulf of Mexico. Why

is this adifficult environment for corals (three

reasons)?4.

CLASS ANTHOZOA (TABULATA)

Small, colonial corallum, consisting of anopen network of small, low, trumpet-shapedcorallites, encrusting on another organism,

usually a brachiopod.

Phylum Cnidaria (Adam)Study online at quizlet.com/_8fkon

CANINIA(CARBONIFEROUS--PERMIAN)

CLASS ANTHOZOA(MIDDLEORDOVICIAN--Recent)

Conularia (UPPERCAMBRIAN-PERMIAN)

5.

CLASS ANTHOZOA (RUGOSA)

"Dog tooth coral"Large solitary, conical to cylindrical,

straight or curved corallum, deep bowlshaped calyx w/ numerous septa andwide axial fossula (little hole) WELLDEVELOPED dissepimentarium withNUMEROUS dissepiments. Tabulae

complete. Thin epitheca6. NO medusoid generation. Digestive

cavity partitioned by radialmesenteries. Includes the hard corals,soft corals, and many kinds ofanemones.

7.

Steep sided, pyramidal,chitinphosphatic cone. Closed spacedtransverse ribs. Longitudinal groovealong midline of each face, cornersindented by longitudinal furrows

(longitudinal grooves)

DIPLORIA(UPPERCRETACEOUS--RECENT)

Endopachys(EOCENE--RECENT)

Favosites (UPPERORDOVICIAN--MIDDLEDEVONIAN)

8.


"Brain Coral"9.


Corallum small, solitary, compressed,wedge-shaped with

lateral wings and rounded keel-likebase; free-living ;

epitheca porous; calyx elongate withparallel margins,

septa arranged in branching pattern;columella narrow,elongate, spongy.

10.


"Honeycomb coral" Massive cerioidcorallum. Corallum thin walled,

polygonal corallites with mural poresand tabulae.

Gorgonia(HOLOCENE)

11.

CLASS ANTHOZOA (OCTOCORALLIA)

"Purple Sea Fan"

Horny axis (core); thick rind of close-packedspicules.

Colony fan-shaped, with branches located inone plane,

anastomosing or reticulate.The purple color is a pigment (organic

compound).Planar, anastomosing (Dividing and

merging again, like channels of a braidedstream) or reticulate, fan-like colony form

has evolved independently in many unrelatedtaxa,

providing many examples of convergentevolution. Can

you think of two other examples? [Hint: youwill see

them in the Ectoprocta and Graptolithinaexercises.]

What functional advantage is provided bythis colonial

growth form? Hint: Where do they live, andhow do they

feed?

Halysites(SILURIAN)

Heliophyllum(LOWER TOMIDDLEDEVONIAN)

12.


"Chain Coral"Long cylindrical corallites united along their

length to form interconnecting palisades(upright blades aligned linearly, like a picket

fence) No Mural pores.13.


Large solitary horn coral. Prominentlywrinkled epitheca, septal grooves, broach

dissepimentarium, deep bowl shaped calyx,septa with yard arm carinae

Lithostrotionella(MISSISSIPPIAN)

Lophophyllidium(PENNSYLVANIAN-PERMIAN)

14.


Corallum compound. large, massivecerioid (Colonial coral with completewalls btwn closely packed adjacentcorallites) Calyx polyogonal withshort septa. Broad axial fossula

surrounded by dissepimentarium.Sharply domed tabulae produce anaxial structure (elevated as volcano

like peak)15.


Small, slender solitary horn coral.Long septa reaching axis and fusing

to form a complex, large, axialcolumella rising above the calyx (likea tongue) No dissepiments, epitheca

with septal grooves. Tabulaehorizontal, broadly domed.

Microcyclus(MIDDLEDEVONIAN)

Millepora(PALEOCENE--HOLOCENE)

Pachyphyllum(UPPERDEVONIAN)

16.


Solitary, small, discoidal, button likecorallum. No tablua no axial structure.

17.

CLASS HYDROZOA

Branching or encrusting, calcareousskeletons. Dimorphic polyps of two kinds(gastrozooids and dactylozooids) Live intubular cavities of two sizes. Gastropores

and Dactylopores, both with tabulae,separated by finely porous coenosteum.

18.


Corallum compound, large massiveastraeoid (corallites close packed w/o

intervening walls separating neighboringcorallites, continuous septa from corallite

calyx to the next) Broad marginaldissepimentarium. Within fossula domed

tabulae produce a small axial structure(elevated like a volcano peak)

Porites (EOCENE--RECENT)

Streptelasma(MIDDLEORDOVICIAN)

19.


Corralum compound (colonial), hermatypic (Reef or mound building. Corallites small with two cycles ofseptal insertion. Look for evidence for associated encrusting and boring animals.

20.


Simple solitary horn coral. Numerous septa. No columella, no dissepiments, thick epitheca with septalgrooves. Tabluae is complete.

Phylum Cnidaria (Adam)

phylum cnidaria adam

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