---phylum chordata kingdom animalia ------subphylum...
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MammalsKingdom Animalia---Phylum Chordata------Subphylum Vertebrata---------Class Mammalia
What do you get when you cross an elephant with a fish?
swimming trunks
Characteristics
1. Hair (some marine mammals have very little)
2. Specialized Teeth3. Endothermic (warm-blooded)4. Mammary Glands5. Placenta (most)6. Diaphragm - muscle that aids breathing
What kind of animal is this?
Evolution of MammalsMammals did not come to dominate until the CENOZOIC ERA, after the dinosaurs became extinct
Early mammals were probably rodent-like and nocturnal
How do mammals stay warm?
Hair insulates most mammals
Some marine mammals have a layer of subcutaneous fat (blubber)
What is the placenta?Attached to the wall of the uterus , it provides the fetus with nourishment.
The Birth of a Giraffe
What are mammary glands?Only found in mammals, produce milk to feed young.
How the Diaphragm Works
Specialized Teeth●Incisors – biting●Canines - stabbing, holding●molars - crushing, grinding
Different types of mammals have different types of teeth - depending on their diet
Predators have large canines Herbivores have large flat molars
The canines of predators are very large and sharp, used for tearing flesh
DigestionMammals have diverse diets. Herbivores often have an extra stomach chamber called a RUMEN to help them digest plants
This chamber holds bacteria that can digest plant material
CirculationMammals have a 4 – chambered heart and double loop circulation.
What other animals have a double loop?
MovementMammals are a diverse group. Some…
●Run●Climb●Dig●Fly●Swim
Legs are adapted to a particular job
Mammals are TETRAPODS, meaning they have four limbs. These limbs can be adapted to different functions, such as the wings of bats or the flippers of whales.
An animal that is BIPEDAL walks on two legs.
Whales do not have hind limbs, but they do have VESTIGIAL pelvic bones.
Quick Check
1. What attaches to the uterus wall and nourishes an embryo? _____________________
2. What muscles helps mammals breathe? _______
3. Which type of tooth is used for grinding? _____4. What part of a cow helps them digest plants? _____
5. The structure of the jaw and teeth can give you information about about a mammal’s: a. habitat b. age c. diet
6. Mammals have [ double / single ] loop circulation.7. Diversity refers to a. different kinds b. the way animals evolved
Reproduction
Most mammals give birth to live young. There are two groups that are exceptions…
1.Monotremes (lay eggs)2.Marsupials (develop young in a pouch)
Order Monotremata●Egg laying mammals found only in Australia●Have reptilian characteristics
(cloaca & egg laying)●Have mammalian features
(hair, mammary gland)
Examples: Duck Billed Platypus Echidna (Spiny Anteater)
Order Marsupiala●Mammals bear their young in an immature
state, babies develop in a pouch●Majority are found on Australia, opossums
are found on other continents
Marsupial Examples
Can you name these animals?
Kangaroo Birth
Placental MammalsPlacental Mammals have a gestation period (length of time in uterus)
Placenta
Watch the birth of Mia’s First Puppy!
Domesticated animals have been kept and bred by people - cows, dogs, pigs, horses..etc
Biogeography of Mammals
Why do animals on different continents look alike?
Flying Squirrel and Sugar Glider
Answer:
Convergent Evolution
Unrelated species are adapted to similar environments and similar NICHES
Austin’s Sugar Glider
Quick Check
1. Mammals that lay eggs are called: ____________
2. Mammals that carry young in a pouch are called: _________________
3. The length of time a mammal grows in the uterus is called: __________
4. This structure attaches the fetus to the uterus and provides nourishment: _____
5. Name a mammal that has a cloaca. _____
6. Why do unrelated animals resemble each other? __________________ evolution