photosynthesis
DESCRIPTION
Photosynthesis. Gymnosperm. Angiosperm. Click on picture. Autotrophs or Heterotrophs. Frequency versus Wavelength. What Pigments Are Shown In Each??. Ok soooo how are we feeling…. …before we get into the hard stuff??. Plant and Leaf. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Draw…• Page 673-plant and label parts• Page 732-flower and label
parts
• Find functions of all parts. Use your entire textbook if needed! (INDEX)
Leaf Cross Section (Pg 170/688)
• Cuticle• Upper and lower epidermis• Palisade and spongy mesophyll• Vein• Xylem/Phloem• Stomata • Guard cells
Frequency versus Wavelength
Click image for my red, your red
Click for colorblind test
Hmm??
Plant and Leaf• What is the difference between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?• What are the differences between a monocot and a dicot? Are they
(monocots and dicots) gymnosperms or angiosperms?• What are the two systems of a plant? How do they communicate
with each other?• What is the evolutionary relationship between terminal buds and
auxillary buds?• What are the four whorls of a flower? What are their functions?• What is the relationship between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?• What is the cycle of growth for an annual? Perennial? Biennial? • How does carbon dioxide get into the plant? • How does a plant avoid losing its needed water?
Light Dependent Reactions
• Goal of light energy is to create ATP and NADPH to power the light independent reaction. The key to forming is the flow of energy through the PS. There are 2 routes, the cyclic and the noncyclic. The noncyclic is the predominant.
Thylakoid Membrane
A
Photosystem ___
A
Photosystem ___
Outside Thylakoid
Inside the Thylakoid
Electron Transport Chain
ADP NADP+
+Stroma for Calvin Cycle
Light Dependent Reaction
And now…Light Independent
• Uses ATP and NADPH (produced in LDR)• Regenerates its starting material after
molecules enter and leave the cycle• What enters??• Carbon Dioxide
• What leaves??• Sugar (G3P-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)
Who is involved??
• For one molecule of G3P to be made, it takes 3 times around the cycle (in other words, it needs 3 CO2 molecules)
• Calvin cycle has 3 parts: Carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration of CO2
Calvin Cycle
• Carbon Fixation• CO2 attaches to a 5-C sugar (RuBP-ribulose
bisphosphate) using the enzyme rubisco making a 6-C that immediately turns into 2 3-C phosphoglcerates.
• *Since the cycle is done for 3 CO2s, it is actually 3 5-C + 3 CO2 6 3-C
Calvin Cycle
• Reduction• 2. 3-phosphoglycerate gets a phosphate group
from ATP forming 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
• 3. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reduced to G3P (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) through reducing NADPH to NADP+ (G3P has more energy than 1,3bis)
Calvin Cycle
• 4. 1-G3P exits for every 3 CO2s that enter because 5-G3Ps have to continue for the cycle to be able to repeat.
• Regeneration• 5. 5-G3Ps are rearranged into 3 5-C RuBP. This
arrangement takes 3 ATPs to ADPs. Then RuBP can join with more CO2 and start over again.
• *1 G3P (becomes glucose)= 9 ATP and 6 NADPH