philosophy of eduaction ppt
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Philosophy of eduaction ppt sir emsjayTRANSCRIPT
Philosophy of Education
Major philosophies of Education
Philosophies
Perennialism
Progressivism
Essentialism Existentialism
Social Reconstructionism
Fishbone organizer
Jigsaw and fishbone
Groups of tables will be assigned one of the philosophies on the fishbone organizer.
Using the handout, the group will become the experts on the assigned philosophy(jigsaw)
The group will be responsible to summarize the philosophy on the flip chart paper and post their section of the fishbone onto the bigger fishbone as well as explain it to the rest of the group
A continuum
Teacher –CenteredFocus on
the subject
Student –CenteredFocus on Self and Society
Perennialism
Essentialism
Progressivism
Existentialism
Social Reconstructionis
m
Presentations to groupWhen presenting the philosophy please
explain it in terms of the “continuum” and why it fits in that section of the continuum.
You will also identify key philosophers identified with this philosophy.
Perennealismviews truth as a constanteducation is to ensure that students acquire
knowledge of unchanging principles or great ideasgreat ideas have the best potential of solving the
problems of any eracurriculum should stress students’ growth in arts
and sciencesstudents should become “culturally literate” by
studying the best , most significant works that humans have created
aim to teach students to become critical thinkers
PerennealismMajor Researchers* Robert Maynard Hutchins (1899-1977)* Mortimer Adler – organized the “great
Books of the Western World” curriculum
Essentialism believe that human culture has a core of
common knowledge that schools are obliged to transmit to students in a systematic, disciplined way
believe that there is a body of essential knowledge and skills that all humans need to know
schools should provide sound instruction that is aimed at preparing students to live life and comply with society’s accepted standards and need for order.
Essentialism* William C. Bagley ( 1874-1946)
Progressivism education should be child centered curriculum should be derived from students’
interests effective teaching takes into account the
whole child learning is active, not passive knowledge that is true in the present may
not be true in the future so students need to be taught problem solving strategies
the teacher is a guide or resource to help students learn about what
ProgressivismJohn Dewey ( 1859-1952
Existentialism focuses on the experiences of the individual helps learners focus on the meaning of their
learning, their life, their truth emphasizes creative choice, the subjectivity of
human experience, and concrete acts of human existence
schools must allow students freedom of choice freedom has rules and respect for the freedom
of others is essential schools should allow students to ask their own
questions, conduct their own inquiries, and draw their own conclusions
Existentialism* Jean Paul Sarte ( 1905-1980) * Maxine Greene ( 1917 - )
Social Reconstructionism school should take the lead in changing or reconstructing
society
reaction to the cold war climate and threat after WWII
schools should both transmit knowledge about the existing social order but also seek to reconstruct it as well
belief in bringing the community into the classroom
actively seek to create a world wide democracy
Social Reconstructionism* Theodore Brameld ( 1904-1987) * George Counts ( 1889-1974)
Psychological orientationsIn addition to the five major philosophical
orientations, several psychological theories have formed the basis for teaching philosophies.
Psychological theories are concerned with understanding the conditions that are associated with effective learning
There are many psychological orientations that have influenced teaching philosophies such as humanistic psychology, behaviourism, and constructivism.
Humanistic Psychologyemphasizes freedom, choice, awareness, personal
responsibility*goal of education is individual self-actualizationindividuals control their own destinies through
the application of their intelligence and reasoning
teachers should not force students to learn but should create a climate of trust and respect that allows students to decide what and how they will learn
teachers become learning facilitators
Behaviorasimbased on the belief that desirable human behaviour
can be the product of design, not accidentour behaviour is determined by forces in our environ-
ment that shape our behaviourlearning conforms to a basic stimulus-response model
( operant conditioning)teachers can create learners who respond by 1.
identifying the desired behaviours in concrete terms 2. establishing a procedure for recording specific behaviours and counting their frequencies 3. for each behaviour, identify an appropriate reinforcer 4. ensure that students receive the appropriate reinforcer as soon as possible after displaying the desired behaviour
Constructivism focus on processes of learning rather than on learning behaviour
believe that students construct understanding of the material to be learned
support student centered curriculum
focus on mental processes and strategies that students use to lear
see learning as an active, meaning-making process
students are continuously involved in making sense of the things that happen around them
teachers must realize that students’ learning is influenced by prior knowledge, experience, attitudes, and social; interactions
Seasonal partners Take out a sheet of extra paperOn this sheet make a symbol for every season
of the year and leave room to write someone’s name under the season (see next slide for model)
Your task is to fill this sheet with four different partners who are not sitting at your table
These will be your seasonal partners. You will be asked to meet with your seasonal
partners during further discussions
Winter partner______________________
Spring partner____________________
Fall partner_________________
Summer partner________________________
Seasonal partners
Personal beliefs
Teaching and Learning
Students
Knowledge
What is worth knowing
Philosophical areas
Philosophy of
Education
Teaching Behaviour
Personal beliefsPlease find your “winter partner”
With your “winter partner” discuss your beliefs about teaching and learning.
Please find your “summer partner”
With this partner please discuss your beliefs about what is worth knowing