In 2015, for the second straight year, economic growthin the Philippines was expected to decline from theprevious year, although a forecast of about 6% annu-

al GDP growth was still higher than most of its SoutheastAsian neighbours. The country, still recovering fromSuper Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, endured three majorstorms—Typhoon Goni (Ineng), Super Typhoon Koppu(Lando), and Typhoon Melor (Nona)—between Augustand December that collectively caused widespread dam-age, killed dozens of people,and left tens of thousandshomeless. At year’s end,Grace Poe, a leading candi-date in the scheduled May2016 presidential election,faced disqualification overcitizenship issues.

Vital statisticsBirth rate per 1,000 pop-ulation (2014): 24.6(world avg. 19.5).

Death rate per 1,000population (2014): 6.2(world avg. 8.1).

Life expectancy at birth(2014): male 65.3 years;female 72.4 years.

DemographyPopulation (2015): 101,762,000.Density (2015)3: persons per sq mi878.5, persons per sq km 339.2.

Sex distribution (2010): male50.50%; female 49.50%.

Population projection: (2020)110,359,000; (2030) 127,745,000.

Major cities (2010): QuezonCity 2,761,7204; Manila1,652,171; Caloocan1,489,0404; Davao 1,176,586;Cebu City 866,171.

Urban-rural (2010):

Philippines

Official name: Republika ng Pilipinas(Filipino); Republic of the Philippines(English).

Form of government: unitary republicwith two legislative houses (Senate[24]; House of Representatives [291]).

Head of state and government: PresidentBenigno Aquino III.

Capital: Manila1.Official languages: Filipino; English.Official religion: none.Monetary unit: piso2 (P=); valuation (Sept.1, 2015) 1 U.S.$ = P= 46.69; 1 £ = P= 71.56.

Ethnic composition (2000):

Age breakdown (2014):

Religious affiliation (2005):

Area and populationarea population area population

2010 2010Regions sq km census Regions sq km census

Autonomous Regionin Muslim Mindanao(ARMM) 19,196 3,256,140

Bicol 18,035 5,420,411Cagayan Valley 30,149 3,229,163Calabarzon 16,052 12,609,803Caraga 19,324 2,429,224Central Luzon 19,579 10,137,737Central Visayas 15,582 6,800,180Cordillera Administrative 16,745 1,616,867

Davao 27,172 4,468,563Eastern Visayas 21,988 4,101,322Ilocos 12,821 4,748,372Mimaropa 29,199 2,744,671National Capital 633 11,855,975Northern Mindanao 15,617 4,297,323Soccsksargen 15,890 4,109,571Western Visayas 20,158 7,102,438Zamboanga Peninsula 18,154 3,407,353

TOTAL 316,2945, 6 92,337,8527

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National economyBudget (2009). Revenue: P=1,123,200,000,000 (tax revenue 87.4%, non-

tax revenues and grants 12.6%). Expenditures: P=1,426,-000,000,000 (general public services 18.4%, education15.6%, transportation and communications 10.9%, socialsecurity and welfare 6.3%, defense 4.6%, health 2.7%).

Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture,forestry, fishing (2012): sugarcane 32,000,000, rice18,032,422, coconuts 15,862,386, bananas 9,225,998, corn(maize) 7,406,830, pineapples 2,397,628, cassava2,223,144, mangoes, mangosteens, and guavas 783,225,sweet potatoes 516,366; livestock (number of live ani-mals; 2013) 11,843,051 pigs, 3,694,025 goats, 2,912,842buffalo; roundwood (2013) 15,899,559 cu m, of whichfuelwood 76%; fisheries production 3,113,744 (from

aquaculture 25%); aquatic plants production 1,751,476 (from aquacul-ture, virtually 100%). Mining and quarrying (2008): nickel 424,00011;copper 65,44411; chromite 36,628; gold 15,762 kg11. Manufacturing(value added in U.S.$’000,000; 2003): petroleum products 1,980; elec-tronic products 1,696; food products 1,338; paints/soaps/pharmaceuti-cals 983; beverages 813; motor vehicles 559. Energy production (con-sumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2011) 69,210,000,000 (69,210,000,000),by source (2012): fossil fuels 70.4%; renewable energy 29.6%, ofwhich geothermal 14.7%, hydroelectric 14.6%, biomass and waste0.2%, wind 0.1%; hard coal (metric tons; 2007) 2,560,000 (7,780,000);lignite (metric tons; 2011) 6,650,000 (13,300,000); crude petroleum(barrels; 2011) 2,320,000 (68,200,000); petroleum products (metrictons; 2011) 8,258,000 (12,096,000); natural gas (cu m; 2011)3,974,000,000 (3,974,000,000).

Average household size (2007): 4.8.Gross national income (GNI; 2014): U.S.$344,006,000,000 (U.S.$3,440per capita); purchasing power parity GNI (U.S.$8,300 per capita).

Public debt (external, outstanding; 2013): U.S.$38,697,000,000.Population economically active (2014): total (2008) 37,058,000; partici-pation rates: age 15 and over, male 78.4%; female 50.7%; unemployed6.6%, of which youth (ages 15–24) 15.3%.

Land use as % of total land area (2011): in temporary crops or left fal-low 18.1%, in permanent crops 17.4%, in pasture 5.0%, forest area25.9%.

MilitaryTotal active duty personnel (November 2014):

125,000 (army 68.8%, navy 19.2%, air force12.0%); reserve 131,000. Military expendi-ture as percentage of GDP (2014): 0.7%;per capita expenditure U.S.$19.

Foreign trade10

Imports (2014): U.S.$67,756,900,000 (electronic inte-grated circuits/parts 21.4%, petroleum and petrole-um products 20.1%, food 11.8%, machinery andboiler parts 9.7%, vehicles and transport equip-ment 9.6%). Major import sources:

Exports (2014): U.S.$61,809,900,000 (electronic inte-grated circuits/parts 37.4%, computers/officemachines/parts 14.4%, mineral products 7.6%,food 7.2%, parts of road vehicles 5.6%, woodproducts 5.1%). Major export destinations:

Transport and communicationsTransport. Railroads (2009): routelength 301 mi12, 484 km12; passenger-km (2005) 20,000,000; metric ton-kmcargo (2004) 76,000,000. Roads (2003):total length 124,297 mi, 200,037 km(paved 21%). Vehicles (2009): passen-ger cars 780,200; trucks and buses 2,210,500.

Education and healthLiteracy (2008): percentage of total population age 15 and overliterate 95.4%; males literate 95.0%; females literate 95.8%.

Health: physicians (2005) 98,210 (1 per 865 persons); hospitalbeds (2008) 94,199 (1 per 959 persons); infant mortality rate(2014) 19.8; undernourished population (2006–08) 11,800,000(13% of total population based on the consumption of a mini-mum daily requirement of 1,750 calories).

1Other government offices and ministries are located in Quezon City and other Manila suburbs.2Piso in Filipino; peso in English and Spanish. 3Based on actual reported total area. 4Within theNational Capital Region. 5Sum of regional areas, including coastal water; actual reported totalarea is 300,000 sq km. 6Land area excluding inland water is 298,170 sq km. 7Total includes 2,739persons in Philippine embassies, consulates, and missions abroad. 8Includes indigenous Catholicsand Protestants. 9Unemployed. 10Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b. 11Metal content. 12Operationallength; total length equals 557 mi, 897 km. 13Subscribers.

Internet resources for further information:• Philippine Statistics Authority psa.gov.ph• Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas www.bsp.gov.ph

Structure of gross domestic product and labour force2009 2006

in value % of total labour % of labourP= ’000,000 value force force

Agriculture, forestry, fishing 773,540 14.1 11,841,000 32.7Mining and quarrying 88,616 1.6 134,000 0.4Manufacturing 1,058,155 19.4 3,070,000 8.5Construction 296,056 5.4 1,691,000 4.7Public utilities 190,585 3.5 114,000 0.3Transp. and commun. 380,733 7.0 2,470,000 6.8Trade, hotels, restaurants 793,215 14.5 7,270,000 20.1Finance, real estate 654,943 12.0 1,153,000 3.2Pub. admin., defense 412,846 7.5 1,552,000 4.3Services 818,255 15.0 3,962,000 11.0Others — — 2,908,0009 8.09

TOTAL 5,466,944 100.0 36,165,000 100.0

Communications units unitsnumber per 1,000 number per 1,000

Medium date in ’000s persons Medium date in ’000s persons

TelephonesCellular 2014 111,32613 1,11213

Landline 2014 3,093 31

Internet users 2009 5,955 65Broadband 2013 2,57313 2613

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