philippine society and culture

8/11/2019 Philippine Society and Culture

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BATAANPENINSULASTATEUNIVERSITY

MAINCAMPUS

CITYOFBALANGA

GRADUATESCHOOL

Presented by:

MAR-ELEN FE G. RENOSA

Ed.D. Student

Presented to:

LOURDES S. SANTOS, Ed. D.

Professor

EDD 512:SEMINAR IN PHILIPPINE SOCIETY AND CULTURE


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Topics:

Part 1- School as

Cultural Institution Part 2- Functions of

Educational Institutions


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UP OBL TION

What does

UP Oblation

symbolize


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USTMAIN BUILDING

What does

this building

reveal about

UST


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Where did this event take place

How significant is this to Philippine

history

B T N

SURRENDER

SITE M RKER


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SEAMEO RELC,

Singapore

What can students

learn from an

institution like

RELC aside from

what its courses

offer


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Part 1- School as Cultural Institution


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Cultural Institution

All the

characteristicactivities andinterests of a

people.(T.S. Eliot)

Institution

Any structureor mechanism of social orderand cooperation governing

the behavior of a setof individuals within a givencommunity may it behuman or a specific animalone. Institutions are identifiedwith a social purpose,

transcending individuals andintentions by mediating therules that govern cooperativeliving behavior


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Cultural institution a public or nonprofit institution within this state which

engages in the cultural, intellectual, scientific,environmental, educational or artistic enrichment of thepeople of this state

includes, without limitation, aquaria, botanical societies,

historical societies, land conservation organizations,libraries, museums, performing arts associations or societies,scientific societies, wildlife conservation organizations andzoological societies.

Cultural institution" does not mean any school or

any institution primarily engaged in religious or sectarianactivities.

http://www.oregonlaws.org/glossary/definition/cultural_institution
http://www.oregonlaws.org/glossary/definition/cultural_institutionhttp://www.oregonlaws.org/glossary/definition/cultural_institution


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Cultural institutions are elements

within a culture/sub-culture that

are perceived to be important to,

or traditionally valued among, itsmembers for their own identity.

Examples of cultural institutions in modern

Western society are museums, churches, schools,work and the print media and television.


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Education and Culture continued


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a growing whole

can be no break in the continuity ofculture

passed on through agents

(family, school and the like)

societies maintain themselvesthrough their culture

cultural transmission in all societies

set of beliefs, skills, art, literature,

philosophy, religion, music, etc.

which must be learned. This social

heritage must be transmittedthrough social organizations.


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curriculum

Extra-curricular

activities

Values

(team spirit, obedience,

discipline)

Informal

relationshipsamong teachers

and students

How does education transmit culture?

The question is: What kind of culture do we teach our students?

Formal curriculum

Hidden curriculumNull curriculum


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Education and Culture continued

Education acts an integrative force in the

society by communicating values that unites

different sections of society.

The school teach skills to the children which

help them later to integrate within the culture of

the society. Education in its formal or informalpattern has been performing this role since time

immemorial. Education can be looked upon as

process from this point of view also. Education has

brought phenomenal changes in every aspect ofmanslife.http://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.php
http://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.phphttp://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.phphttp://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.phphttp://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.phphttp://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.phphttp://www.sociologyguide.com/education/education-and-culture.php


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Part 2- Functions of

Educational Institutions


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act of teaching ortraining

seeks to nourish thegood qualities in manand draw out the best inevery individual.

Education seeks todevelop the innate innercapacities of man.

Institution

an organization founded

and united for a specificpurpose

Educational Institution


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EducationalInstitution

- an institution dedicated to education

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/educational+institution
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/educational+institutionhttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/educational+institution


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Functions of Educational Institutions

Based on Functionalism: The consensus approach

Functionalism investigates institutions to consider the

functions they perform in society. The functionalist premise is

that if an institution exists, then there must be

some reason for its existence.As regards education, functionalists assume that

educational institutions serve

somesocietal need. Educational institutions are

examined for the positive contribution they maketowards maintaining society.


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Functions of Educational Institutions

Education is seen as vital as regards socialization. All

societies have to have ways of socializing new members, and somesocieties need specialist institutionsfor differentiating between

people and allocating them to specific levels of economic activity

within their society - such is the case with industrial societies.

Two central functions performed by educational institutions:

1. General socialization of

the whole population into

the dominant culture,

values and beliefs of a

society.

2. Selecting people for

different types and levels of

education.


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These two basic intentions are suggested by Parsons.In brief, education meets the needs of the system by:

1. Making sure that allchildren have a basiccommitment to theirsociety's values and

beliefs.

Transmitting norms and

values promotessocial

solidarity

2. Preparing individualsfor their specificlocation within thesocial hierarchy.

Differentiationmatches

skills to societal needs andsupports society's economicneeds.


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The idea of differentiation derives from

Durkheim.He argued that as societies develop andbecome more complex they need to enhance

the division of labor and provide specialist agencies for

executing this function. Education takes over the role previously

filled by the family, work and any other social location that

presented a learning environment.

At the level of individuals, industrial societies require

specialists and education is seen as providing the appropriate

educational output. More generally, Durkheim explains this

change in the nature of relationships between individuals in asociety as the change from solidaristic to organic forms of social

solidarity (cohesion).

Differentiation


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The existence of a connection between personal abilities and

industrial needs is assumed by the tendency towardsmeritocracy. That is, people come to fill particular positions on the

basis of achievement, rather than their ascribed characteristics.

However, although it is true that achievement is more important in

societies such as ours, social class, gender and ethnicity remain as important

'indirect determinants' in the sense that the quality of a person's educationalattainment can be related to these ascribed characteristics.

The concept of meritocracytends to lead

functionalists into the area of genetics rather

than culture. It is argued that some people are

quite simply 'brighter' than others, and theeducation system picks these people out and

gives them a higher level of education. Schools are seen as neutral and

impartial screening devices.

Meritocracy


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Educational systems and

four central functions of education

1. Differentiation

2. Standardization

3. Vocational orientation

4. Track mobility


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Educational systems and four central functions of education

1. Differentiationincreases variability

between students. As a consequence,

equality of opportunity is reduced. A higher

variability between students also enhancesthe visibility of qualifications to the labour

market, thereby enhancing the allocation

function


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2. Standardization reduces variabilitybetween schools of the same type and level.This promotes equal opportunities. It may enhance

(by setting standards) or reduce (by limiting

competition between schools, Wmann 2007)

efficient learning. The visibility of qualifications to

employers is enhanced (Shavit & Mller 1998), and

standards are set to improve equality of citizenshipskills.


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3. Vocational orientation increases thelabor market focus of an educational system.

This may reduce (vocational education as a dead

end street) or enhance (vocational education as

a safety net, Arum & Shavit 1995) equality,

promote efficient learning, promote the

allocation function, and limit the orientation

towards the acquisition of citizenship skills.


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4. Track mobility improves the matching of

students to their educational attainment and

achievement. This increases equality, improves

efficient learning, and improves the allocation

function.


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4. Track mobility improves the matching of

students to their educational attainment and

achievement. This increases equality, improves

efficient learning, and improves the allocation

function.

http://www.hermanvandewerfhorst.socsci.uva.nl/PROOProgrammeDescription.pdf
http://www.hermanvandewerfhorst.socsci.uva.nl/PROOProgrammeDescription.pdfhttp://www.hermanvandewerfhorst.socsci.uva.nl/PROOProgrammeDescription.pdfhttp://www.hermanvandewerfhorst.socsci.uva.nl/PROOProgrammeDescription.pdf


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Six Manifest Functions of Education(Javier et al, 2002)

Socialization

socialcontrol

socialplacement

transmittingculture

promotingsocial

and politicalintegration

agent ofchange

http://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-education
http://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-educationhttp://expertscolumn.com/content/six-manifest-functions-education


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"Bear in mind that the wonderful things you learn in your

schools are the work of many generations, produced byenthusiastic effort and infinite labor in every country of theworld. All this is put into your hands as your inheritance inorder that you may receive it, honor it, add to it, and oneday faithfully hand it to your children. Thus do we mortals

achieve immortality in the permanent things which we createin common."

-Albert Einstein

Thank you very much.

Mar Elen Fe G. Reosa

philippine society and culture

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