1. PHILIPPINE LITERATUREDURING AMERICAN ERA

2. WHY AMERICANS CAME TOTHE PHILIPPINES?SPANISH-AMERICAN WARTREATY OF PARISPHILIPPINE-AMERICANWARPHILIPPINESINDEPENDENCEPROCLAMATIONINFLUENCES 3. WHY AMERICANS CAME TOTHE PHILIPPINES?HISTORY 4. NEW LANDSThe United States wanted new lands for theirbusinessmen to development and to trade.HISTORY 5. AMERICAN BASESThe United States was looking for Asian naval basesbases and shipping portsHISTORY 6. POLICY OF MANIFEST DESTINYThe Americans believed it as their mission to civilizethe Filipinos, to educate, and train them fordemocracy.HISTORY 7. THE FILIPINO INVITATIONThe Filipinos asked the Americans to come andhelp them fight the Spaniards.HISTORY 8. HISTORY 9. HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDThe Cuban revolutionagainst the Spaniardsbroke out in 1895. TheUnited States supportedthe Cubans because thelatters liberation fromSpain would benefit theirtrading interests.On February 15, 1898,the warship Maine of theAmericans was blown upin the Port of Havana.HISTORY 10. On May 1, 1898, the fleetof Commodore GeorgeDewey destroyed theSpanish fleet led byAdmiral Montojo.HISTORY 11. In June, Philippine revolutionaries declaredindependence, but U.S. troops occupiedManila in August.On May 17,1898, EmilioAguinaldo leftHong Kongaboard the USship McCulloch.HISTORY 12. TREATY OF PARISHISTORYOn December 10, 1898 John Haythe Secretary of State signing theParis of Treaty. In this treatySpain ceded the Philippines,Guam, and Puerto Rico to theUnited States for about $20million dollars after the SpanishAmerican War. 13. HISTORY 14. President McKinley ordered theWar Department to bring all of theislands under military controlbecause the people of thePhilippines were too "uncivilized"to govern themselves.This shocked the Filipinos,because they had expected theU.S. to help them in their strugglefor independence.Not only did the U.S. not help thePhilippines in their struggle forfreedom, they refused to grantthem freedom for forty-five years.This fight for freedom became thePhilippine-American War.HISTORY 15. Philippine-American War HISTORY 16. The conflict became the brutal Filipino-AmericanWar that officially lasted until 1902 An estimated 4,500 Americans, and at least tentimes that many Filipinos died.HISTORY 17. FREEDOM AT LAST!HISTORYOn July 4th, 1946, the United StatesGovernment restored fullindependence in the Philippines.After battling different imperialpowers for years, the Filipinos finallyachieves their dreams. They wereahead of other countries trying togain their freedom from thebeginning, and that is why they weresuccessful. 18. HISTORY 19. HISTORY INFLUENCES 20. DIETDRESSPOPULAREDUCATIONINFLUENCES HISTORYTHE PLAYSJOURNALISMEMANCIPATIONOF WOMENFILIPINOPENSIONADOSFILIPINOLITERATURE INENGLISHVERNACULARLITERATUREFINE ARTSMUSICSCIENCEFIESTA AMDHOLIDAYSAMERICASCONTRIBUTION TONATIONALISM 21. DIETHam and eggs, oatmeal,sandwiches, hotdogs, steak Coffee, beer, whisky American brand cigarettesHISTORY INFLUENCES 22. DRESSPants with suspenders or belts, coat and tie,polo shirts, hats, leather / tennis shoes Skirts, high-heeled shoes, fancy hats,stockings, perfume, lotion, false eyelashes,cosmeticsHISTORY INFLUENCES 23. EMANCIPATION OFWOMEN Study in universities Acquire higher educationChoose and practice any professionParticipate in politicsVote and be voted for public officeHISTORY INFLUENCES 24. POPULAREDUCATION First school opened in CorregidorIsland August 23, 1901 USS Thomasarrived with 600 Americanteachers Free educationHISTORY INFLUENCES 25. 600 educators in the S.S. Thomas (theThomasites") that replaced the soldiers whohad been serving as the first teachers.HISTORY INFLUENCES 26. FILIPINO PENSIONADOSHISTORY INFLUENCES 1903 100 Filipinos were sent to America as governmentpensionados to study in American colleges and universities Jose Abad Santos, Francisco Benitez, Honoria Acosta Sison, JorgeBocobo, Francisco Delgado 27. HISTORY INFLUENCES 28. FILIPINO LITERATURE IN ENGLISHHISTORY INFLUENCES Filipino in material / sentiment but expressed in a foreign languageNew generation of writers portrayed the glories of our land, thethoughts and feelings of our race, and the problems of their timesin English 29. FILIPINO LITERATURE IN ENGLISHPoet Fernando Maramag Short story Clemencia JovenNovel Zoilo Galang Journalism Carlos Romulo(Pulitzer prize International reporting, 1942)HISTORY INFLUENCES 30. VERNACULAR LITERATURE Claro Caluya Prince of Ilocos PoetsMona Crisologo greatest Iloco dramatist Leon Pichay Iloco poet laureateHISTORY INFLUENCESMena Pecson Crisologo Mining Weno Ayat ti Kararwa 31. VERNACULAR LITERATURE Visayas Magdalena Jalandoni and Ramon Muzones Tagalog Francisco Balagtas and Jose Corazon de JesusHISTORY INFLUENCES 32. THE PLAYSMoro-moro was replaced by zarzuelaPag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa Pascual Poblete Tanikalang Ginto Juan AbadMalaya Tomas RemigioKahapon, Ngayon, at Bukas Aurelio TolentinoWalang Sugat Severino ReyesHISTORY INFLUENCES 33. JOURNALISM Bounding BillowPhilippine Herald Tribune La Vanguardia Taliba Liwayway, Bisaya, Hiligaynon, BannawagHISTORY INFLUENCES 34. FINE ARTSHISTORY INFLUENCESModern schools, theaters, hotels, stores, houses with Americanarchitectural lines Buildings with elevators, air-conditioning systems, and electricalgadgets 35. MUSIC American Jazz and swing musicAmerican dancesHISTORY INFLUENCES 36. SCIENCEModern techniques and research in medicine, pharmacy, biologyand other sciences and technologyNational Research CouncilHISTORY INFLUENCES 37. FIESTAS AND HOLIDAYSHISTORY INFLUENCESContinued celebration of the annual Spanish fiestas and otherChristian holidays 38. AMERICAS CONTRIBUTION TONATIONALISMPermitted us to display our own Philippine flag Played our national anthem Celebrated our national heroes dayHISTORY INFLUENCES Enjoyed freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly and pet 39. END