pharmaceutical technologypha.hmu.edu.krd/portals/0/3rd techno-cognosy-med chemistery-bioch...-...

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Pharmaceutical Technology

Course Coordinator and list of t eachers

1. name of the course : Pharmaceutical Technology 3rd

year

2. Lecturer. in charge : Tara Abdulrahman abdula

3. Dept. : Pharmaceutics

4. Contact :

Address: Hawler Medical University

College of pharmacy / Dept. and pharmaceutics

Email : [email protected]

Website link: www.hawlermu.org

5. Participant lecturers :

1. Dr. raad gasgos

2. Shahla sadeq smael

Course Overview

- Pharmaceutical technology teaches the different dosage forms with respect to their raw materials,

composition, and method of preparations, stability, storage and uses. In the practical part of this course

the students will learn the different techniques used to prepare these dosage forms.

Course Reading List:

1. Reference – American pharmacy by sprowl

2. Remington, the science and practice of pharmacy, 1-2 vol.

Syllabus:

1. Course title: pharmaceutical technology 3rd

year.

2. course number 101/ number of credits 6: 3hr theory 3hr practice /

4. Course Participants 3rd year pharmaceutical students.

5. Instructors :

- Tara Abdulrahman

- Shahla Sadeq

- Raad Gasgos

6. Course length 30 weeks (yearly program)

7. Teaching methods – Theory (power point presentation) / practical (power point presentation) with student center learning (SCL) method. Assessment (grading): summative assessment:

1st semester 20%:

2nd

semester 20%:

Final exam: 60%:

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.hawlermu.org/

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Outline of course:

Subject Lecturer No of hrs

1- 1st semester Tara abdulrahman 45

Dispersed system, classification, comparision Dr. raad gasgos 2

Solutions, types of solutions Dr. raad gasgos 2

Solubility, factor affecting, expression of dissolution, rate

versus solubility, preparation of solution containing non

volatile materials

Dr. raad gasgos 4

Official solutions, classification, preparation and uses. Tara abdulrahman 4

Aqueous solutions containing aromatic principles, aromatic

waters, methods of preparations, stability.

Tara abdulrahman 4

Syrups, sugar based, artificial, sorbitol based, stability Tara abdulrahman 4

Clarification, methods, filter aids Tara abdulrahman 3

Solution using mixed solvent systems, spirits, elixirs Tara abdulrahman 3

Extraction, maceration, percolation Tara abdulrahman 3

Tinctures, fluid extracts, extracts, resins and oleoresins Tara abdulrahman 4

Colloidal dispersions, lyophilic, lyophobic, associations

colloids

Raad gasgos 6

Coarse dispersion, suspension Tara abdulrahman 6


2- Second semester 45

Emulsions, purpose of emulsification, *methods of

emulsification, emulsifying agents, HLB systems, stability

Dr. raad gasgos 10

Suppositories Tara abdulrahman 6

Lotions, Liniments, colloidons Tara abdulrahman 5

Powdered dosage forms Tara abdulrahman 10

Semisolid dosage forms Tara abdulrahman 10

Incompatibilities Dr. raad gasgos 4

Practical Syllabus

45 hrs.

1x3 / week.

First semester

Subjects hours

Aromatic waters 3

Solutions 3

Spirits 3

Tinctures 3

Extracts 3

Syrups 3

Drops 3

Suspensions 3

Lotions 3

Liniments 3

Second semester

Subjects hours

3

Emulsions 6

Oinments 3

Creams 3

Capsules 3

Powder dosage forms 3

Tablets 3

Preparation involving sterilization 3

Preparation involving aspecting technique 3

Tooth preparations 3

Shampoo preparation 3

Student's Feedback on the Subject

Date: Course: Year: Lecturer/tutor No. Evaluation Question Subject's

Level 1-5 Subjective

Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main objects of

the course

3 The material were prepared carefully as needed 4 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing tried to analyze the principles, contents and

the important points of the subject simply and properly.

5 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing kept my attention. 6 The lecturer/tutor came into the classroom on time and was committed to the

duration of the lecture.

7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful 8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a chance for question

and comments. His/her answers were complete

10 The reading sources are new and compliable with the subject.

Total of the level

Students to evaluate the level of the contents

1 2 3 4 5

Poor Accept Medium Good Very good

4


Date: Course: Year: Lecturer/tutor N

o. Evaluation Question Subject's


Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main objects

of the course







1


Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5



Date: Course: Year: Lecturer/tutor No.

Evaluation Question Subject's Level 1-5

Subjective Remarks

1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main objects of

the course







1


Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


5

Examinations:

- The exams will be held during the course.

- Quizzes – during the practical hours.

- Theoretical exams: one per semester.

- Practical exams: one or two per semester.

- Final exam – Theoretical, Practical.

Theoretical: exams will be mixed

- SCQ. (Single choices Questions)

- Short Essays

- Definition

- Differentiation

- True or false

-

Practical exam:

- Short essay

- Prescription

- Preparations (practically)

On Answering: the student should

- read the question carefully

- Think carefully before answering

- Plan your answering

- Answer should contain preface , content and conclusion

- Answer should be precise and to the point

Samples of the expected questions

*SCQ – sample

- (A) Choose one most appropriate word or statement for the followings:

- Which of the following is not a type of powder

a. Lozenges

b. Insufflations

c. Dentifrices

d. Douches

- Short essays- sample

- What is antagonism and synergism of drugs? Explain giving suitable examples.

- Definition- sample

- Define the following

1. solutions 2. Suspensions

- Briefly differentiate between the followings - sample

Deliquescence and efflorescence

(Note: specify your answers in form of table which shows below).

Deliquescence efflorescence

1. 1.

- True or false – sample

Answer the following by True or False

-Suppositories are used to produce local, systemic and mechanical action.

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Student's Feedback on the Course



Subjective Remarks

1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main

objects of the course

3 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to cooperate and prepare the

material

4 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to cooperate and prepare the course

5 The lecturer were carefully selected and were expert in their field 6 The coordinator teacher gave a good attention to the student's criticism

and claim

7 Information on the Examination process was well provided 8 The questions of the exam were related to the content of the course 9 Total of the level 1

0 There is a potential to promote and develop the course in the following

areas:


1 2 3 4 5


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Hawler Medical University

College of Pharmacy

Dept. of Pharmacognosy

Course Book

Pharmacognosy I and II, 3rd

year

Course Coordinator:

Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi

Lecturer

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Pharmacognosy Course Coordinator and list of teachers

5. name of the course : Pharmacognosy I and II, 3rd year

6. Lecturer. in charge : Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi

7. Dept. : Pharmacognosy

8. Contact :


College of Pharmacy/ Dept. of pharmacognosy


Website link: www.hmu.edu.iq


1. Lana Yusef Mutaleb 2. Hazhar Muhamad 3. Shokhan uthman

Course Overview The aim of pharmacognosy department is to provide a modern lecture courses covering a descriptive study of medicinal plants, the importance of plant- derived natural products in medicine & their biosyntheses. These courses include teaching the student the chemistry of natural products, how to identify & evaluate the active constituents of the plant, with emphasis on methods of extraction, separation of these constituents in a pure form using different type techniques, such as chromatography. In addition to the phytotherapy and information on herbal medicine used in the treatment of different diseases. Course Objectives

At the end of this course, students are expected to: 1. Have a comprehensive knowledge of all the basic principles in Pharmacognosy.

2. Understand and classify the plants according to their source, morphology, active constituents and therapeutic uses. In addition, recognition of the methods used in natural product chemistry

3. Integrate their knowledge with data and information provided about certain species to expect the phytotherapeutic uses.

4. Understanding the methods in natural products chemistry which include extraction, identification and standardization.

5. Identify the most important families in the plant kingdom which yield the most important compounds and give examples on each one.


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6. Transfer all the provided knowledge about taxonomy, morphology, extraction of natural compounds and different families in the plants kingdom into practical aspects in regard to their therapeutic uses.

7. Employ the theoretical information about the different analytical techniques used in the chemistry of natural compounds.

8. Accounting for use, and increasing interest in medicinal plants, and integrating them into national health care system. Promote the safety, efficacy, and quality of medicinal plants by expanding the knowledge base on regulatory and quality assurance standards.

9. Rationale usage of medicinal plants as drug categories in alternative medicine, their doses and dosage forms, drug-drug interactions, and drug-food interactions.

10. Exploitation of acquired knowledge about medicinal plants to the pharmaceutical industry including the search for pharmacokinetically optimum dosage formulations.


1- trease & Evans pharmacognosy- 15th ed. W.B sanders Edinburg London New York Philadilphia St Louis sydne tornto (2002)

2- pharmacognosy & pharmcobiotechnology by Ashutosh Kar, K.K. Gupta for new international Ltd (2003)

3- Pharmacognosy, 9th ed. Tyler. Lea and Febiger, Philadilphia (1988) 4- Herbal medicine, 2nd ed. Rudolf , Thieme (2000) 5- Fundamentals of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Michael Heinrich, Joanne

Barnes, Simon Gibbons and Elizabeth M. Williamson (2004). Syllabus:

1. Course title: Pharmacognosy I, 3rd year, 1st course 2. number of credits (3) 2hr theory, 3hr practice 3- The course complies the following:

The course comprises two main themes, the first is an introduction to pharmacognosy covering drugs of natural origin. This includes history and importance of natural products, Botanical characters of medicinal plants and study the different cell contents; Natural health products as herbal medicines, homeopathy, complementary and alternative medicine and related subjects; Production of natural product derived drugs including their collection, preparation, storage conditions and their preparation for use either in the crude form or as extracts. The second part of the course covers chromatographic principles and methodologies specially column and planer chromatography as well as their applications in evaluation of natural products. Also the course will introduce the students to the active constituents of drugs containing: Carbohydrates, Tannins, Volatile oils, lipids and unorganized drugs.

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4- Course Participants:

3rd year pharmacy students, 1st course. 5- Instructors : - Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi - Lana Yusef Mutaleb - Hazhar Muhamad

6- Course length 15 weeks 30 hr theory (15 X 2 hr), 45hr practice (15 X 3 hr)

7- Teaching methods – Theory (power point presentation) – practical (practical experiments, seminars)

8- Assessment (grading): summative assessment: – Midterm exam (theory subjects): 25% – Practical assessment 15%: – Final exam: 60% (50% theoretical subjects, 10% practical subjects)

Outline of course: A-Theoretical Syllabus


General introduction-the scope of pharmacognosy Dr. Alaadin Naqishbandi 1

Complementary and alternative medicine 1

Production of crude drug-cultivation, collection,

drying and storage 2

Authentication and adulteration of crude drugs 1 Evaluation of crude drugs 2

Extraction of the plant material 2

Chromatographic separation techniques 12 Screening, regulations, and quality control of herbal drugs 1

Carbohyrates 2

Volatile oils 4 Tannins 1

Lipids 1

A- B-Practical Syllabus

1- Microscopical evaluation of crude drugs (starch, calcium oxalate crystals)

2- Microscopical evaluation of crude drugs (Epidermis, epidermal trichomes)

3- Extraction methods

4- Ascending paper chromatography

5- Thin layer chromatography (effect of activity of adsorbent on Rf value)

6- Thin layer chromatography(effect of solvent polarity on Rf value)

7- Thin layer chromatography (two dimentional chromatography)

8- -Column chromatography (separation of dye mixture)

9- Carbohydrates (extraction and identification of starch, identification tests of

carbohydrates)

10- Extraction and identification of tannins

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Syllabus:

1. Course title: Pharmacognosy II, 3rd year, 2nd course 2. number of credits (3) 2hr theory, 3hr practice 3- The course complies the following:

The course deals with the chemistry of crude drugs (Phytochemistry). Emphasis will be given to the study of bioactive constituents including glycosides and alkaloids. The study deals with their isolation, identification, structure activity relationship (SAR), medicinal uses and determination of these constituents, using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.

4- Course Participants: 3rd year pharmacy students, 2nd course. 5- Instructors : - Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi - Lana Yusef Mutaleb - Hazhar Muhamad

6- Course length 15 weeks 30 hr theory (15 X 2 hr), 45hr practice (15 X 3 hr)

4. Teaching methods – Theory (power point presentation) – practical (practical experiments, seminars) 5. Assessment (grading): summative assessment: – Midterm exam (theory subjects): 25% – Practical assessment 15%: – Final exam: 60% (50% theoretical subjects, 10% practical subjects)

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Outline of course: A-Theoretical Syllabus


Glycosides –physical and chemical properties Dr. Alaadin Naqishbandi 1

Cardiac glycosides

Saponin glycosides 3

Anthraquinone glycosides

Flavonoid glycosides 3

Cyanogenetic glycosides

Isothiocyanate glycosides 1

Alcohol glycosides

Phenol glycosides

Lactone glycoside

3

Alkaloids , physical and chemical properties 2

Pyridine-piperidine alkaloids 2

Tropane alkaloids 3

Quinoline alkaloids 1 Isoquinoline alkaloids 4

Imidazol alkaloids 1 Indole alkaloids 4

Purine bases 1

Alkaloidal amines 1

B- B-Practical Syllabus

1- Extraction and identification of cardioactive glycosides

2- Extraction and identification of saponin glycosides

3- Extraction and identification of anthraquinone glycosides

4- Extraction and identification of flavonoid glycosides

5- Extraction and identification of Pyridine-piperidine alkaloids Extraction and

identification of tropane alkaloids

6- Extraction and identification of Indole alkaloids

7- Extraction and identification of Purine alkaloids.

8- Seminars prepared and presented by groups of students related to medicinal

plants.

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Level 1-5 Subjective Remarks



3 The material were prepared carefully as needed 4 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing tried to analyze the principles,

contents and the important points of the subject simply and properly.

5 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing kept my attention. 6 The lecturer/tutor came into the classroom on time and was committed

to the duration of the lecture.

7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful 8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a chance for

question and comments. His/her answers were complete


Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5



Date: Course: Year: Lecturer/tutor

No.


Subjective Remarks

1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related

to the main objects of the course

3 The material were prepared carefully as needed 4 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing tried to analyze the

principles, contents and the important points of the subject simply and properly.

5 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing kept my attention. 6 The lecturer/tutor came into the classroom on time and was

committed to the duration of the lecture.

7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful

8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a

chance for question and comments. His/her answers were complete

10

The reading sources are new and compliable with the subject.

Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


14




1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related

to the main objects of the course


principles, contents and the important points of the subject simply and properly.



7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful




Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


Examinations:

- The exams will be held during the course. - Quizzes – during the practical hours. - Theoretical exams: midterm and final exam. - Final exam – Theoretical, Practical and Oral.


- MCQ. (Multiple choices questions) - SCQ. (Single choices Questions) - Short Essays - Diagrams - T and F statement selection

Practical exam:

- Written exam on practical subjects - Seminar presentation exam: will be held through a committee


- read the question carefully - Think carefully before answering - Plan for answering - Answer should contain preface , content and conclusion - Answer should be precise and to the point

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Samples of the expected questions and their answers: *T and F statement selection

1- Ginkgo biloba leaves contains aescin a saponin active constituents. * Short Essays Summarize the advantages of using herbal drugs.

*MCQ – sample: 1- Strychnine is a a- CNS stimulant belongs to indole alkaloids b- obtained from the bark of Erythroxylum plant c- obtained from the seeds of a beautiful palm that is cultivated in India, Asia and East

Africa.

d- Is an indole alkaloid with antidepressant activity






3 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to cooperate and prepare the material



and claim

7 Information on the Examination process was well provided 8 The questions of the exam were related to the content of the course 9 There is a potential to promote and develop the course in the following

areas:

10 Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


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Medicinal Chemistry

Course Coordinator and list of teachers

1. Name of the course : Medicinal Chemistry 3rd

year

2. Lecturer in charge: Dana Muhammad H. A. Jaf

3. Department: Pharmaceutical Chemistry

4. Contact :


College of Pharmacy / Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Email: [email protected]

Email: [email protected]



Dr. Shahla Jihad Ahmad

Course Overview

First, this course will present a review of those principles of inorganic chemistry those

apply to medicine and/ or pharmaceutical chemistry. The first chapter atomic and

molecular structure is devoted to the explanation of atomic structures as it relates to

bonding forces and complexation, the other chapter represent detailed discussion of

those inorganic agents used as pharmaceutical aids and necessities or as therapeutic and

diagnostic agents.

Secondly, it will give an understanding of the mechanism of drug action at molecular

level, stimulate the interest in understanding the role of medicinal chemistry in the

discovery and development of synthetic therapeutic agents, and study the effect of

physicochemical properties and drug biotransformation on drug action and therefore

cam compare the rational drug design with the classical drug design.



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In addition this course is designed to incorporate a number of experiments for the

identification of certain drugs which are included in the theoretical course of inorganic

and organic pharmaceutical chemistry. The experiments are intended to train the

undergraduate pharmacy students to use different chemical reactions and various

analytical methods for preparation and assay of some representative drugs of different

classes and also to meet the students need for a concise skill on practical analytical

pharmaceutical chemistry.

Course Objectives

1. Describe those products including: buffers, antioxidants, fluid electrolytes, topical

agents, biochemically important ions and therapy-ethically important ions as

antacids, cathartics, antidote and radiopharmaceuticals both as diagnostic and

therapeutic agents.

2. Relates the following physicochemical properties on drug action:

a. Partition coefficient

b. Acid base properties

3. Explain the theories that have evolved to account for the mechanism of drug action

and the type of force involved.

4. Drug distribution after different dosage forms.

5. The theoretical aspects and mechanisms of drug biotransformation and its effect on

drug action

6.


1. Text Book – Wilson and Gisvold's Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical

Chemistry, edited by Delgado and W. A. Remer's, 11th

edition (2004).

2. Reference – Medicinal Chemistry by Ashutosh Kar

3. Introduction to medicinal chemistry by Alex Gringauz

4. Inorganic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Block, Roche, Soine, and

Wilson

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Syllabus:

1. Course title: Medicinal Chemistry 3rd

year

2. Number of credits 8: 3hr theory 3hr practice (2 semester = 30 weeks)

The course complies the following:

Atomic and molecular structure/ complexation:

Electrolytes:

- Major extra and intra cellular electrolytes

- Electrolyte replacement therapy

- Essential and trace ions

- Non essential ions

- Acid-base imbalance

Dental Products

- Fluoride supplements

- Inorganic substances included in toothpaste

GIT Agents

- Antacids

- Protective and adsorbents

- Official saline cathartics

Radiopharmaceuticals and contrast media

- Radiopharmaceutical agents

- Contrast media

Topical Agents

- Deodorant

- Antiseptic

- Disinfectant

- Antifungal

Physicochemical properties in relation to biological action

- Complex of events between drug administration and drug action

- Sites of loss

- Sites of action

- Drug-receptor interactions

- The drug receptor

- The Drug-receptor interaction and subsequent events

- Rational drug design

- Selected physicochemical properties

Metabolism

- General pathways of drug metabolism and sites of drug biotransformation

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- Role of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases in oxidative biotransformation

- Oxidative reactions

- Reductive reactions

- Hydrolytic reactions

- Conjugation reactions

- Factors affecting drug metabolism

Drug stability

- Chemical stability

- Physical stability

Assessment (grading): summative assessment:

First semester: 20%

Second semester: 20%

Final exam: 60%

Outline of course:

Subject Lecturer No. of hrs

1- Electrolytes: Dana Muhammad 11

Major extra and intra cellular electrolytes 2

Electrolyte replacement therapy 2

Essential and trace ions 3

Non essential ions 2

Acid-base imbalance 2


2- Dental Products: Dana Muhammad 2

Fluoride supplements 1

Inorganic substances included in toothpaste 1


3- G.I.T Agents: Dana Muhammad 4 Antacids 2

Protective and adsorbents 1

Official saline cathartics 1


4- Radiopharmaceuticals and contrast

media:

Dana Muhammad 6

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Radiopharmaceutical agents 4

Contrast media 2


6- Topical Agents: Dana Muhammad 15

Disinfectant 4

Antiseptic 4

Antifungal 6

Deodorant 1


8- Drug stability: Dana Muhammad 4

Chemical stability 2

Physical stability 2


8- Atomic and molecular structure/

complexation:

Dr. Shahla Jihad 6

Complexes and chelating agents 2

Acids and bases 2

Oxidation-reduction reactions 2


5- Physicochemical properties in relation to biological

action:

Dana Muhammad 27

Complex of events between drug administration and drug

action

3

Sites of loss 2

Sites of action 2

The drug receptor 5

Drug-receptor interactions 2

The Drug-receptor interaction and subsequent events 3

Rational drug design 2

Selected physicochemical properties 8

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Practical Syllabus

90 hr.

3 hr / week 1- Introduction 3

2- Analytical Methods 3

3-Preparation and standardization of 1 N hydrochloric acid 3

4- Preparation and standardization of 1 N sodium hydroxide 3

5- Assay of sodium hydroxide solution 3

6- Assay of sodium benzoate solution 3

7- Assay of sodium salicylate solution 3

8- Assay of borax 3

9- Assay of citric acid 3

10- Assay of ammoniated mercury 3

11- Preparation and standardization of 0.1 N potassium permanganate 3

12- Assay of hydrogen peroxide solution 3

13- Preparation and standardization of 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate 3

14- Assay of copper sulfate 3

15- Assay of chlorinated lime in bleaching powder 3

16- Preparation and assay of aqueous iodine solution 3

17- Assay of ferric ammonium citrate 3

18- Assay of ferrous gluconate tablets 3

19- Assay of ferrous fumarate tablets 3

20- Assay of ferric ion by iodometric method 3

21- Assay of magnesium sulfate 3

22- Assay of alum 3

23- Assay of sodium lactate injection 3

24- Determination of % w/v of total chloride by Volhard's method 3

25- Determination of % w/v of calcium chloride by complexometric titration 3

26- Assay of ascorbic acid 3

27- Assay of fluoride ion in toothpaste 3

28- Assay of magnesium sulfate injection 3

29- Assay of lactate in Ringer solution 3

30- Assay of methylparaben 3

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Subjective Remarks

1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the

main objects of the course


contents and the important points of the subject simply and

properly.



7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful 8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a chance

for question and comments. His/her answers were complete


Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5





Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to

the main objects of the course


principles, contents and the important points of the subject

simply and properly.



7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and

respectful




Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


23




Subjective Remarks

1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the



principles, contents and the important points of the subject

simply and properly.



7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and

respectful


chance for question and comments. His/her answers were

complete


Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


Examinations:





- Final exam – Theoretical, Practical and Oral.


- MCQ. (Multiple choices questions)


- Short Essays

- Diagrams

Practical exam:

- Practical related Questions

- Theoretical related Questions

- Assay of unknown drug

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- Identification of unknown drug


- Read the question carefully

- Think carefully before answering

- Plan your answering

- Answer should contain preface , content and conclusion

- Answer should be precise and to the point

Samples of the expected questions and their answers:

*MCQ – sample:

In the Becket hypothesis (for proper binding):

- (T) a – Tertiary nitrogen is required.

- (T) b –Central carbon is essential.

- (T) c – Phenyl ring attached to central carbon is needed.

- (F) d – The central carbon should be far from tertiary nitrogen by three carbon atom

*SCQ – sample

- All of the following are factors affecting drug metabolism except:

A – Age

B – Sex

C – Food

D – Strain

- Short essays

Give a the ideal properties of preservative

25




Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main


3 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to cooperate and prepare the material


course


and claim

7 Information on the Examination process was well provided 8 The questions of the exam were related to the content of the course 9 Total of the level 10 There is a potential to promote and develop the course in the following

areas:


1 2 3 4 5


26

Biochemistry Course

Coordinator and list of teachers

1. name of the course : Biochemistry 3rd

year

2. Lecturer. in charge : Dr. Showan D. Husain

3. Dept. : Clinical Analysis

4. Contact :


College of Pharmacy / Dept. Clinical Analysis




a - Dr.Sanna Ghadhban

b- Dr.Shatha Rouf

c- Dr.Basima Sadiq

d-

Course Overview: To understand the main concept of human

biochemisty that is relevant to pharmaceutical

sciences

Course Objectives : At the end of this course the student should be

able to:

a. Understand the principle of biochemistry by studing the biochemistry of

carbohydrate ,protein ,hormones,enzymes & lipids.

b. Understand the storage and expression of genetic information.

Syllabus:

6. Course title: Biochemistry 3 rd

year.

7. Theoritical Biochemistry ,Credit hours = 3 hours

8. Practical Biochemistry ,Credit hour = 1 hour

First Course Introduction to biochemistry

1- Biochemistry of carbohydrate / Six hours / Dr. Showan

- Definition

- Biomedical importance

- Isomerism & their types

- Carbohydrate chemistry

- Classification

- Monosaccharides&their chemical reaction

- Trioses

- Tetroses

- Pentoses



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- Hexoses

- Pyranose &Furanose structures

- Mutarotation

- Formation of O- Glycosidic linkage & N—glycosidic linkage

- Disaccharides

- Physical Properties

- Structure

- Reducing properties

- Sucrose &its synthesis

- Maltose &its synthesis

- Lactose & its synthesis

- Polysaccharides

- Homopolysaccharides

- Hetropolysaccharides

- Glycogen

- Starch (amylose &amylopectin)

- Dextran

- Cellulose

- Carbohydrate Derivatives

- Amino Sugar

- Glycosugar

- Mucopolysaccharides

a- Proteoglycan

b- Hepatin

c- Chondriotin Sulphate

d- Keratin Sulphate

e- Dermatin Sulphate

II. Protein / Six hours / Dr. Shatha

- Primary structure of protein

- Secondary structure of protein

- Tertiary structure of protein

- Quaternary structure of protein

- Biomedical Importance

III. Amino Acid & peptides structure / six hours / Dr. Shatha


- Classification of amino acids

- Physical properties

- Reactions of amino acid

- Biological active amines

- Zwitterr ion

- Isoelectric point

- Peptide Structure

- Medical importance

- Glutathion

- Chemotactic peptides

- Analgesic peptides

- Cyclic peptides

- Toxic peptides

IV. Lipids physiology & Biochemistry / five hours /Dr. Showan

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- General properties &classification

- Fats & oils

- Waxes

- Phospholipids

- Glycolipids

- Prostaglandins

- Steroids

- Lipid peroxidation

- Antioxidants

V.Nucleotides / three hours / Dr. Sanna

- Nucleosides & Nucleotides

- Nucleic acid (DNA ,RNA) Structure & Function

VI .Storage & Expression of Genetic Information / six hours/

Dr. Sanna

- The Genetic code

- Transcription & translation mechanism

- Mitation

- Protein biosynthesis

VII.Enzymes: / six hours / Dr. Basima

- Properties

- Activators & Inhibitors

- Mode of enzyme action

- Apoenzyme &Co enzyme

- Nomenclature

- Classification

- Role of metal in enzyme activity

Second Course

I. Effect of hormones on body tissue eight hours / Dr. Shatha

- Endocrine gland

- Classification of Hormones

- Types of messengers ( mode of action)

- Physiological factors effect on hormone secretion

- Growth Hormone

- Glucocorticoid

- Insulin

- Androgen

- Estrogen

- Thyroxin

II. carbohydrate Metabolism / eight hours / Dr. Showan

- Digestion & Absorption

- Glycolysis &the Oxidation of Pyruvate

- Citric acid cycle

- Electron Tranport Chain

29

- Gluconeogenesis

- Pentose Mono Phosphate Shunt

- Glycogen metabolism

- Interconversion of carbohydrate to lipid and protein metabolism

III. Protein Metabolism / six hours / Dr.sanna

- Digestion & Absorption of protein

- General metabolism of nitrogen

- Fate of absorbed of amino acid

- Fate of the amino removed

- Role of liver in protein metabolim

- Urea Formation

- Fate of carbon skeleton

IV. Lipid Metabolism / six hours / Dr.Showan

- Digestion & absorption

- Metabolism of plasma lipoproteins

- Metabolism of free fatty acids

- Metabolism

- cholesterol

- Ketone –bodies

V. Nucleotide Metabolism / three hours /Dr.sanna

- Purine & Pyrimidin metabolism

- Uric acid excretion

VI. Vitamins / six hours / Dr.Basima

- Classification

- Fat soluble vitamin

- water soluble vitamin

VII. Metabolism of creatine / three hours/ Dr. Basima

- Chemistry ,synthesis,function ,fate &excretion

- Creatin metabolism

VIII. Metabolism of Heme / six hours/ Dr.Basima

- Biochemistry of Heme

- Synthesis

Assessment (grading): summative assessment:

1st semester 20%:

2nd

semester 20%:

Final exam: 60%

Text book and references:

- Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews : Biochemistry by Richard A.

Harvey, Pamela C. and Denise R. Ferrier .4th

edition .2008

- Chemistry for the health Sciences by George I sackheim and

Dennis D. Lehman 8th

edition

- Harper Biochemistery by D.W. Martin ,P.A. Mayes V.W. Rodwell

30

Practical Syllabus.

Week Subject

1st

- General reaction of carbohydrates effects of acid & heat

- Effect of strong acid and heat

2 nd

- Effects of alkali and heat on carbohydrates

- Iodine test

3rd

- Identification of unknown carbohydrates

4th

- Color reaction of proteins

5 th

- Color reaction of proteins

6 th

- Lipids

- Solubility of lipids in different solution

- presence of fats and oils in solution

7 th

- Lipids

- Preparation of soap

- Salting out of the soap

- Formation of insoluble soap

- Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid

8 th

General reaction of carbohydrate II

Effect of weak acid &heat

9 th

Fermentation reaction

10 th

Osazon reaction

11 th

Precipitation of proteins

PH

Concentration of neutral salts

12 th

- Dielectic constant of solvent

- Alkaloidal agent. - Heat

13 th

-Enzymes

- Catalase ,Acid phosphatase and Urase

14 th

- Factors effect on enzymatic activity

- Temperature

15 th

- Concentration of enzyme

- Subcellular location of enzyme

16 th

- Nucleic acids

- Alkaline phosphatase

17 th

- Acid phosphatase

18 th

- Vitamin. -Vitamin C

19 th

- Final examination

31






3 The material were prepared carefully as needed 4 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing tried to analyze the principles, contents

and the important points of the subject simply and properly.

5 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing kept my attention. 6 The lecturer/tutor came into the classroom on time and was committed to

the duration of the lecture.

7 The lecturer's behavior in the classroom was clam and respectful 8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a chance for



Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5




o. Evaluation Question Subject's Level

1-5 Subjective

Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the




properly.






Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


32



o. Evaluation Question Subject's


Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the




properly.






Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5


Examinations:





- Final exam – Theoretical, Practical and Oral.


- MCQ. (Multiple choices questions)


- Short Assays

33




Subjective Remarks




material



and claim

7 Information on the Examination process was well provided 8 The questions of the exam were related to the content of the course 9 Total of the level 1

0 There is a potential to promote and develop the course in the following

areas:


1 2 3 4 5


34

Hawler Medical University

College of Pharmacy

Depretment of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Course Book

Pharmacology 3rd Year

Pharmacology Course Coordinator and list of Teachers

1. Name of the course: Pharmacology 3rd

year

2. Lecture in charge: Dr. Mohamad Sherwan + Dr.Taghrid Al-Taei

3. Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology

4. Contact: Hawler Medical University

Collage of Pharmacy – Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Email: sherwan-10@hotmil, [email protected]


5. Participant lecturers:

a. Dr. Muhamad Sherwan

b. Dr. Taghrid Al-Taei

c. MSc. Muhammad Abdulla

d. MSc. Sazan Dakhil

e. MSc. Feras Majid Adwar

f. BSc. Maysoon Abdulwahab

Course Overview

The develop an understanding of basic knowledge in drug and the pharmacological bases of drug

classes to enable students to practice the proper, effective and safe use of drug.

Course Objective the students should be able define different pharmacological terms and activities of drug in biological

system and demonstrate the mechanism behind the drug action, the processes which occur during

movement of drug through body compartments. In addition emphases is directed towards the study of

activity of drug in different physiological system of the body, this done on molecular, cellular and

tissue levels to illustrate the role of these drugs in corrections of different pathophysiological

condition. At the end of the course the student should have learned all the individual drugs, thei

Pharmacology 3rd

r indications, contraindications, side effects, interactions, toxicities …. etc.

Course Reading List

1. Goodman and Gilman: The pharmacological Basis of Therapeutic, 10th Ed., Joel G. Hardman

and Lee E. limited, 2003, McGraw-Hill.

2. Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Ed., D. R. Laurence, P. N. Bennett and M. J. Brown, 2002, Clinical

Living Stone.


35

Syllabus 1. Course title: Pharmacology 3

rd year.

2. 3hr. theory and 3hr. practice.


Introduction: Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic.

Pharmacology of Autonomic nervous system.

Chemotherapy of infection.

Antibacteral drug.

Course Participants: 3rd

year pharmacy students.

Instructors:

Dr. Muhamad Sherwan

Dr. Nedal Abdulkader

M. Muslih A. Ibrahim

Course length 30 weeks (yearly program)

Outline of Course

Subject Lecturer No. of hrs.

General principles of pharmacology

A. Historical review and definitions in pharmacology

B. Pharmacodynamics

General principles of drug action

Classification of receptors

Quantitative aspects of drug-receptor interation

Agonists (full, partial and inverse)

Antagonists

Desensitisation and tachyphylaxis

Dr. Needal 6

Pharmacokinetics:

A. Absorption and distribution of drugs

Movement of drug molecules across cell barriers

Binding of drugs to plasma proteins

Partition into body fat and other tissues

Routes of drug administration

Drug disposition

B. Drug Metabolism and Elimination

Phase I reaction

Enzyme induction and inhibition

Phase II reaction

First pass effect

Half life time

Renal excretion of drugs

Biliary excretion and enterohepatic circulation

Dr. Needal 6

Pharmacology of Autonomic Nervous System

Introduction

Transmitters and co-transmitters in the autonomic nervous

system

General principles of neurotransmission

Dr. Sherwan

M. Muslih

15

36

Physiological role of noradrenergic transmission

Noradrenaline synthesis, storage, re-uptake and metabolism

Adrenoceptors and their classification

Drugs acting on noradrenergic transmission

A. Sympathomimetices

1. directly acting (catecholamine and adrenergic)

2. indirectly acting

B. Sympatholytics

1. adrenoceptors antagonists (α and β)

2. other affecting synthesis, release and uptake of

noradrenaline.

Physiological role of cholinergic transmission.

Acetylcholine synthesis and release.

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

Drugs acting on cholinergic transmission

A. parathympathomimetics

1. muscarinic agonists

2. anticholineesterases (reversible and irreversible)

B. muscarinic receptors antagonists

Drugs affecting ganglia

A. ganglionic stimulants

B. ganglionic blocking drugs

Neuromuscular Blooking Drugs

A. non-depolarising competieive blocking drugs

B. depolarising blocking drugs

Chemotherapy of Infections

A. biochemical basis of chemotherapy

B. biochemical reaction as potential targets (cell wall

synthesis, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis..)

C. resistance to antibiotics

D. biochemical mechanisms to antibiotics

Dr. Needal 6

Antibacterial Drugs

A. beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosprin

and cephamycins, other beta-lactam antibiotics)

B. anti-microbial agents affecting bacterial protein

synthesis (tetracyclins, chloramphinicol,

aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides,

fucidic acid)

C. anti-microbials which interfere with the synthesis

or action of folate (sulphonamides and trimethoprim).

D. anti-microbial agents affecting topoisomerase II

(fluoroquinolones).

E. anti-mycobacterial agents (drug used for treatment of

TB and drug used to treat leprosy).

F. miscellaneous antibacterial agents (glycopeptide

antibiotics, polymixin antibiotics, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin

Dr. Needal 9

Anti-fungal drugs

A. antifungal antibiotics (amphotericin, nystatin, grisofulvin)

Dr. Sherwan 3

37

Teaching methods- Theory (power point presentation) / practical (experiments)

Assessment (grading): summative assessment.

1st semester 20%

2nd semester 20%

Final exam 60%

B. synthetic antifungal agents (azoles, terbinafine, naftifine)

Reference Books:

A. Goodman and Gilman: The pharmacological Basis of

Therapeutic, 10th Ed., Joel G. Hardman and Lee E. limited,

2003, McGraw-Hill.

B. Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Ed., D. R. Laurence, P. N.

Bennett and M. J. Brown, 2002, Clinical Living Stone.

38

Hawler Medical University College of Pharmacy Department of Clinical Analysis Course Book

Pathology 3rd year Students

Course Coordinator:

Dr. Maysoon Al-Haideri

Pathology

Course description: Pathology is regarded as a backbone for medical science; it acts as

a bridge between preclinical and clinical cases. Pathology is essential for the diagnosis

of diseases, modern therapeutics, and the formulation of prognosis and restoration of

health.

This Pathology course will apply knowledge of normal anatomy and physiology to

promote a clear understanding of disease processes. It introduces the student to the

common body responses and manifestations of disease that result from imbalance in

homeostasis of the body.

The course will address common well-defined alterations involving: cell injury,

necrosis, inflammation, wound healing, and neoplasia. These concepts are applied in a

systems-oriented approach to disease processes affecting musculoskeletal,

cardiopulmonary, renal, nervous, gastrointestinal, immune, hematological and

endocrine systems.

The aim of the course is to teach students the pathogenesis of various symptoms and

diseases affecting the human body. Altered, physiological functions of human organs

are explained. By the end of the course, students should be able to understand the

relation between the symptoms and the disease, which might be helpful in differential

diagnosis. At the end of each lecture and laboratory session we give the students

questions and divide them into groups then we discuss the questions.

39

Course Objectives:

By the end of this course the students should be able to:

1- Demonstrate the ability to correlate physiology of the systems with pathologic

findings.

2- Discuss the main causes of cell injury, distinguish reversible and irreversible cell

injury, describe the principle mechanism of cell injury, and describe how the

consequences of injury depend on cell-related factors and cause-related factors.

3- Explain the phenomenon of inflammation and its relationship to disease.

4- Discuss the implication of different patterns of wound healing.

5- Describe alterations of the cardiovascular system: arteriosclerosis,

atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction.

6- Describe alterations in the digestive system: motility disorders, ulcers, colitis,

Crohns disease, diverticulosis, appendicitis, liver and biliary disease, and

pancreatitis.

7- Describe the natural defenses of the body, immune system, and immunological

disorders.

8- Differentiate between changes in the structure and function of the human body

associated with aging process and changes associated with diseases.

Syllabus:

3. Course title: Pathology 3rd

year.


Introduction to physiological concepts affecting individuals and the biological

basis for diseases.

Course Participants 3rd

year pharmacy students.

Instructors:

1- Dr. Abdul Khadir Aziz

2- Dr. Maysoon Al-Haideri

3- Dr. Ava Tahir

4- Dr. Rafal Abdul Razak

Two Courses length 15 weeks each (pathology with laboratory in the first course and

pathophysiology in the second course )

Assessment (grading):

Practical mid term exam 15%

Theory mid term exam 25%

Final exam: 60%:

40


1- Robbins Basic Pathology , 8th

edition

2- Pathophysiology—Ivan Damjanov, 1st edition, 2009

References:

1- Ackerman Surgical Pathology

2- Sternberg Surgical pathology

1st Course Lecture Schedule (Pathology)

Number of credits: 2hr theory

Week

No.

Topic No of hrs

PATHOLOGY

1 Introduction and divisions of pathology 2

2 Cell injury , necrosis and cellular adaptation 4

3 Amyloidosis and hyaline changes 2

4 Intracellular deposition & pigmentation 2

5 Inflammation and healing 4

6 Inflammation and healing

7 Repair, cell regeneration, fibrosis and wound healing 2

8 Hemodynamic disorders, thrombosis and shock 4

9 Hemodynamic disorders, thrombosis and shock

10 Disorders of the immune system 4

11 Disorders of the immune system

12 Disturbance of growth & Neoplasia 6

13 Disturbance of growth & Neoplasia

14 Disturbance of growth & Neoplasia

Final examination

41

2nd

Course Lecture Schedule (Pathophysiology)

Number of credits: 2hr theory

Week No. Topic No of hrs

Pathophysiology

1 Infectious diseases 2

2 Blood vessels 2

3 The heart 2

4 Lymphoid systems 2

5 Haematology 6

6 Haematology

7 Haematology

8 Gastrointestinal tract, liver and biliary tract 6

9 Gastrointestinal tract, liver and biliary tract

10 Gastrointestinal tract, liver and biliary tract

11 Lungs and the upper respiratory tract 4

12 The kidney and its collecting system 4

13 The kidney and its collecting system

14 The female genital system & male genital systems 2

15 The female genital system & male genital systems

FINAL EXAM

Laboratory Schedule Number of credits: 1hr lab.

NO. TOPIC No of

hrs

1 Introduction 3

2 Necrosis & dystrophic calcification 3

3 Acute inflammation 3

4 Chronic inflammation 3

5 Abscess & ulcer 3

6 Edema, congestion, hyperemia, hemorrhage 3

7 Diseases of blood vessels (atherosclerosis) 3

8 Diseases of the heart (myocardial infarction) 3

9 Benign tumors 3

10 Malignant tumors 3

11 Gastrointestinal tract diseases 3

12 Respiratory system 3

13 Lymphoid system 3

14 Renal system 3

15 Haematology (normal blood film and bone

marrow, anemia, leukaemia, multiple myeloma)

3

42

Course outline: Subject Lecturer

Introduction to pathology

- what is pathology

- etiology of disease

- terms commonly used in pathology:

Lesion ,pathogenesis ,diagnosis and prognosis

- Classification of pathology

-Diagnostic methods used in pathology

-Why do you study pathology

-Classification of diseases

Dr. Rafal

Cell injury and necrosis

-definition and causes of cell injury

- examples of cell injury (reversible cellular changes)

-cell swelling

-hydropic degeneration

-fatty change

-mucinous and myxomatous changes

-disturbances of glycogen metabolism

-stromal fatty infiltration

- Causes and definition of

necrosis

- gross appearance and microscopical pictures of necrotic

tissue

-biochemical changes in necrotic tissue

-fate and results of necrosis

-apoptosis

Dr. rafal

AMYLODOSIS AND HYAINE CHANGES

- definition

-Physical nature of amyloid

-chemical nature of amyloid

-classification of amyloidosis

-pathogenesis

-clinical correlation

Dr. rafal

Intracellular deposition & pigmentation

- Calcification ,definition and pathology of calcification

Fea- types , -types , causes and effects of calcification

- Definition, type, and sources of

Pigmentation

Dr.rafal

Disturbance of growth & Neoplasia

- aplasia and hypoplasia

-Atrophy (definition, causes and types of atrophy)

-Hyperplasia(definition ,causes , gross and microscopical

features of hyperplastic tissues

-hypertrophy (causes and types )

-heterotopia (definition and examples )

-metaplsia (definition and types )

-Dysplasia

-Neoplasia (Tumors)

-definition of neoplasia

Dr. ava

43

-classification according to behavior and histogenesis

-general features of benign and malignant tumors

-cells of tumors

-rate of growth of tumors

-differentiation in tumors

-angiogenesisin tumors

-nomenclature (toxonomy0 of tumors

-histogenesis classification

Benign epithelial tumors ,examples-

-malignant epithelial tumors ,examples

-Connective tissue tumors |(benign and malignant with

examples )

-mixed tumors

-premalgnant conditions

-spread of malignant tumors

-local and distant spread (metastases)

-steps involved in the spread of malignant cells

-routes of the spread of malignant tumors

-grading and staging of malignat tumors

-effect of tumors on the host

-carcinogenesis(initiation and promotions main

carcinogen)

Subject Lecturer

Inflammation and Healing

- What is inflammation

-causes of inflammation

-classification of inflammation according to duration

-signs and mechanisms of acute inflammation

-exudate and exudation in acute inflammation

-classification of inflammation according to the texture of

exudate

-chemotaxis in acute inflammation

-endogenous chemical mediators

-chronic inflammation

-causes with gross and microscopic features

-healing and regeneration

-healing of wound by first union

Healing of wound by secondary union

Healing of bone fracture

Complication of wound healing(factors enhancing and

delaying this process)

Dr.MAYSOON

Disturbances of Circulation

-Edema(definition , causes and mechanisms of edema)

-transudate and exudates

-Clinical manifeastation of edema

- congestion and hyperemia (definition , causes and

mechanisms)

-lung and liver congestion

-Thrombosis (definition)

-causes of thrombosis

Dr. AVA

44

-composition of thrombi

-fate of thrombi

- Embolism (definition and causes )

- Infraction (definition)

-causes of vascular occlusion .

-types of infarction

-gross and microscopical features of infarction.

-shock (definition)

-classification

-progression

Infectious Diseases

- Introduction

- Tuberculosis

-pathogenesis

-classification

-clinical correlation

- Leprosy

-morphology

-classification

Dr. Rafal

Abdul Razak

Lymphoid tissue -definition

- Reactive lymphadenitis(acute and chronic non specific

lymph adenitis )

- Hodgkins lymphoma(types and clinical correlation )

- Non Hodgkins lymphoma (types and clinical correlation )

Gastrointestinal tract and Liver

- Esophagus:

outlines

Hitus hernia

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Reflux esophagitis

Barrett esophagus

Benign tumors

Malignant tumors

- Stomach:

outlines

Acute and chronic gastritis

Peptic ulcer

tumors

- Intestinal tract:

outlines

Celiac disease

Diverticulosis

Inflammatory bowel disease

Crohns disease

Ulcerative colitis

Tumors

- Liver:

Outlines

Acute and chronic hepatitis

Cirrhosis

Tumors

45

Respiratory system

Outlines

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Asthma

Atelectasis

Bronchitis

Emphysema

Pneumonia

Pneumoconiosis

Lung tumors

The kidneys

Outlines

Nephritic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome

Pyelonephritis

Tubulointerstitial nephritis

tumors

Subject Lecturer

Hematology:

- Blood formation

Site of blood formation

- Anticoagulant used in haematology

- Staining used in haematology

- Haemopoiesis and step maturation in bone

marrow

- Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Macrocytic anemia

Megaloblastic anemia

Symptomatic anemia

Aplastic anemia

Hemolytic anemia

Sickle cell anemia

Leukemia

Acute leukaemia

Chronic leukaemia

Myeloid and lymphoproliferative disorders

Dr. Abdul

Khadir

Aziz

47

Subject Lecturer

Disorder of immune system

- Immunity

- Natural defences and immunity

immunity

- Humoral immunity

- Cellular immunity

- Other component of the immune response

- Hypersensitivity

- Autoimmune disease

- Transplantation

- Immunodeficiency

Dr. Maysoon Al-Haideri

Pathology and Diseases of heart

- Normal structure and functions of heart

- Failure to the pump

- An obstruction to flow

- Regurgitant flow

- Disorder of cardiac

conduction

- Disruption of the continuity

of the circulatory system

Heart Diseases:

The major forms of heart diseases are:

- Congenital heart disease

- Ischemic heart disease

- Hypertensive heart disease

( systemic and pulmonary)

- Valvular disorders

- Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart

disease

- Dysrhythmias

- Infective Endocarditis (IE)

Pathology and Diseases of the blood vessels

- Vascular wall cells and their response to

injury

- Endothelial cell properties and function

- Vascular smooth muscle cells

- Intimal thickening

- Disorders of blood vessels

- Arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis and

their risk factors

- Hypertensive vascular disease

- Aneurysm

48

Examinations:





- Final exam – Theoretical, Practical

Theoretical: exams will include different types of question.

Samples of the expected questions and their answers:

Q1- Mark each of the following by (T) if true or (F) if false, in front

of each of them. Two wrong answers will cancel a correct one,

a- Cardiovascular dysfunction results from:

( F ) 1 - decrease pressure of the chumber that pumps against the

obstruction.

( T ) 2 - disorder of cardiac conduction.

( F ) 3- does not have effect on cardiac muscle contracts.

( F ) 4- heart chambers can empty blood properly.

b- Interleukin-1 (IL-1):

( F ) 1 - derived mainly from the neutrophils

( T ) 2 - Induced fever

( T ) 3 - effect on endothelial and fibroblast cells

( F ) 4 – is mediator that derived from plasma

Q2- Fill in the blanks with the appropriate answer:

1- In type III hypersensitivity, antibody reacts with antigen forming

antigen-antibody complexes that can be deposited either

locally or at a distant site .

2- The key processes in atherosclerosis are intimal thickening and

lipid accumulation.

3- The main cellular components of the blood vessels are

endothelial cell and smooth muscle cells.

4- There are three distinct steps in phagocytosis recognition ,

attachment, and engulfment.

5- Infection delay wound healing.

49

Q3- From the list on the right choose the most suitable association for each of

the list on the left.

( d ) 1-Type I acute hypersensitivity a- Circulating antibodies to

donor antigens

( a ) 2- Hyperacute rejection b- Autoimmune disease

( c ) 3- Hypersensitivity of cytotoxic c- Transfusion reactions and hemolytic

reactions mediated by complement disease of the new born baby

( b ) 4- Systemic lupus erythematosus d- Interaction of antigens with IgE

antibody.

( e ) 5- Aneurysm e- Localized abnormal dilation of

blood vessels

Q4- Encircle the single most appropriate answer in the following statements:

1- All the following are examples of labile cells except:

a- Haemopoietic cells b- Neurons

c- Epidermis d- Columnar epithelium of intestine

2- The following are cardiac risk factors except:

a- Hypertension b- Hyperlipidemia

c- Cigarette smoking d- Physical activity

3- The earliest lesion of atherosclerosis:

a- fatty streak b- Fibrous plaque

c- Medial thinning d- Calcification

4- The organism associated with peptic ulcer:

a- Escherichia Coli b- Mycobactrium Tuberclosis

c- Helicobacteria Pylori c- klebsiella

Q5 ) Define angiogenesis ? Enumerate the pathological conditions

associated with it ?

50




Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main



contents and the important points of the subject simply and properly.

5 The lecturer/tutor while lecturing kept my attention. 6 The lecturer/tutor came into the classroom on time and was committed

to the duration of the lecture.

7 The lecturer's behaviour in the classroom was clam and respectful 8 The slides used in the lecturer were clear and attractive 9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer gave the students a chance for



Total of the level


1 2 3 4 5





Remarks 1 The objectives and key massages of the subject were clear 2 The contents of the subject of the were useful and related to the main objects

of the course


material


course

5 The lecturer were carefully selected and were expert in their field 6 The coordinator teacher gave a good attention to the student's criticism and

claim

7 Information on the Examination process was well provided 8 The questions of the exam were related to the content of the course 9 Total of the level 10 There is a potential to promote and develop the course in the following

areas:


1 2 3 4 5


51

Introduction to Drug Information and Informatics

2nd Semester

Catalog Description: Students learn sources of drug information and how to access them through the use of computer-based technology. Students are challenged to find and properly supply the most appropriate information in oral or written format. Credit Hours: 2 hours Instructor: D. Tara Abdulrahman Abdullah D. Rojgar Hamid Class Location and Time: 2 hr Instructional Philosophy: Instructional methods for this course will include lecture, class discussion, active learning, and group projects. Source of Required Readings:

Malone PM, Stanovich JE, Kier KL, editors. Drug Information: A Guide for Pharmacists. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2006. (Also required for PHM 6315 Biomedical Literature for Pharmacy)

Dumitru D, editor. The Pharmacy Informatics Primer. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2008.

Specific Course Requirements: Computer access is required. Laptops should be brought to each

class meeting to be used for classroom purposes only. Grading Scale and Assessment Policy: Tow exams will be given over the semester. The final exam will be longer than the previous exams and will be cumulative but will be most heavily weighted with material covered since the previous exam. Specific instructions for the Project Portfolio will be provided on Blackboard. Assignments will be made during class and will be due by the next class meeting. Specific instructions for each assignment will be provided in class. Quizzes should be anticipated whenever readings have been assigned. Quizzes will usually be short–answer, multiple-choice, etc.; however, any testing format may be used. The final grade in the course will be calculated as follows:

Mid exam 40% Final Exam (cum) 60% Total 100%

Hawler medical university college of Pharmacy Learning Goals Supported

1. Think critically and analytically by demonstrating sophisticated quantitative reasoning, critical reasoning and reflection and engage in solving complex problems.

2. Apply rational and systematic processes to comprehensively access and evaluate pharmacy related information. Including the use of appropriate information technology and sophisticated rhetorical skills to manage knowledge, communicate, and support decision making.

52

3. Demonstrate effective written and oral communication to diverse audiences including other health professionals, patients, care-givers and the general public. The student will also demonstrate effective listening skills to assess the health literacy of their target audience to better, communicate, educate and inform.

Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education Standards Supported The information literate student determines the nature and extent of the information needed.

1. The information literate student accesses needed information effectively and efficiently.

2. The information literate student evaluates information and its sources critically and incorporates

selected information into his or her knowledge base and value system.

3. The information literate student, individually or as a member of a group, uses information

effectively to accomplish a specific purpose.

4. The information literate student understands many of the economic, legal, and social issues

surrounding the use of information and accesses and uses information ethically and legally.

Students are expected to participate in class evaluations in order to assist in the process of continued quality improvement.

Topic(s)

Preparation/ Readings

In-Class Assignments

Portfolio Assignments

Instructor(s)

Introduction to Health Care Informatics, Evidence-Based Medicine Citation Format, Plagiarism

Review Plagiarism folder in Blackboard

Citation Relay (Group)

-- ------------

Systematic Approach to Answering Questions/Finding the Evidence

Malone, et al., Chapters 2-3

What’s the “real”

question? (Group)

Introduction to Portfolio

-----------

Where to Find the Basics: Core References (Tertiary Literature)

Malone, et al., Chapter 4

Rate the Resources

(Group)

A. Responding to Questions

and Information Gathering

---------------

More than Just the Basics: Specialty References (Tertiary Literature)

Resource Identification

(Group)

Social Media, Medicine,

and Professionalism:

What Message Are You

Sending?

LinkedIn

(Individual)

B. Tertiary

Literature:

Drug

Information

Searching the Internet:

Who Can You Trust?

Treatment Guidelines

Malone, et al.,

Chapters 5 and 9

Treatment

Guidelines

C. Tertiary

Literature:

Disease State

Mid term exam

53

Topic(s)

Preparation/ Readings

In-Class Assignments

Portfolio Assignments

Instructor(s)

PubMed or Ovid – It’s

All Medline

Specialty Databases:

IDIS and IPA

(Secondary Literature)

Tutorials:

Medline, Finding

Full Text Create

Illiad Account

Medline/IPA/I

DIS

Assignment

(Individual)

D. Patient

and

Professional

Information

on the

Internet

----------

Primary Literature: What

is it? What do I do with

it? When do I need it?

Malone, et al.,

Chapter 6

Article

Identification

(Group)

------------

Ethical and Legal

Aspects of Providing

Information

Malone, et al.,

Chapters 12-13

Discussion of

Ethical

Dilemma

(Group)

E. Primary

Literature vs.

Review

Articles

-------------

Medication Safety Dumitru,

Chapters 1-4 Reflection

F. Annotated

Bibliography ------------

Information Systems,

Clinical Decision

Support, Point-of-Care

Technology

Dumitru,

Chapters 5-8

Medication

Use Process

Part 1 (Group)

G.

Summative

Reflection

-----------

System Maintenance,

Impact of the Medical

Record, Reporting and

Data Mining, Downtime,

Management Issues

Dumitru,

Chapters 9-13

Medication

Use Process

Part 2 (Group)

Portfolios

Due ---------

Final Exam:

pharmaceutical technologypha.hmu.edu.krd/portals/0/3rd techno-cognosy-med chemistery-bioch...-...

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