1. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceFSIS Humane Handling ActivitiesKenneth Petersen, DVM, MPH Assistant AdministratorOffice of Field OperationsUSDA/FSIS Washington, DC March 2012

2. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceThe Food Safety and Inspection Service Our mission is to ensure that meat, poultry,and processed egg products distributed incommerce for use as human food are safe,wholesome, and accurately labeled. Inspection is the hallmark of what we do. In plant, not on farm, authorities. 3. United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection ServiceThe Food Safety and Inspection Service We conduct our food safety, public health, and humane handling activities under several laws: - Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906; - Poultry Products Inspection Act of 1957; - Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1958, 1978; - Egg Products Inspection Act of 1970; and - Voluntary Inspection under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (e.g., bison). 4. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceFSIS Activities Set food safety, and other (wholesomeness andlabeling) standards Domestic and import inspection, HACCPverification Emergency response (e.g., hurricanes, floods)and epidemiological investigations Enforcement (administrative and criminal) Food safety communication and education Food Security (intentional contamination) State coordination (27 State programs) 5. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceInspection Domestic 6,200 Federally inspected plants (800livestock slaughter, 300 poultry slaughter) Inspect 150 million livestock and 9 billionbirds each year 300,000 hours of humane handling oversight Egg products - 3.4 billion pounds Also inspect allied industries customexempt, warehouses Import Houses 6. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceFSIS Workforce $1B FSIS Agency Budget $765M towards domestic inspection 9,600 FSIS employees Over 7,700 front line employees, including 6,600 inspectors 840 veterinarians Inspect slaughter operations continuously Inspect processing plants once per shift per day 7. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceFSIS Regulatory Authority Title 9 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Humane Slaughter of Livestock - 9 CFR 313 Rules of Practice - 9 CFR 500. Enforcement FSIS Directives (fsis.usda.gov) field instructions HH and Slaughter of Livestock - Dir 6900.2 Rev 2 Humane Handling Audit Work Methods Dir 6910.1 AM/PM Poultry Inspection Dir 6100.3 Rev 1.Contains good commercial practice verification workmethod 8. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection Service Humane Handling Enforcement Issue written citations, called non-compliance records, for regulatoryviolations. N = 550/year. For Example: Excessive prod use Lack of water in pens Facility deficiencies Suspend livestock slaughter operations foregregious inhumane handling violations 9. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceCode of Federal Regulations (CFR) Humane Slaughter of Livestock Sections of 9 CFR Part 313 Facilities Handling Methods of slaughter/stunning FSIS action for noncompliance 10. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection Service Regulatory non-compliance 9 CFR 313.50 Tagging of equipment, alleyways,pens to prevent humane slaughter or handling Facilities Establishment employee Improper Stunning 9 CFR 500 Rules of Practice Notify Management & Issue written citation Equipment rejection Suspension w/o prior notification Suspension of Inspection w/ prior notification Refusal to provide inspection 11. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection Service Humane Handling Suspensions87 75 68 20092010 2011 12. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection ServiceTop Reasons for Suspensions Improper Stunning (failed 1st attempt) Inadequate Stunning (return to sensibility) Segregation of slow / disabled Dragging conscious animals (veal & goats) Excessive Prod Use 13. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection Service Poultry Products Inspection Act PPIA Humane methods of slaughter act not applicable Different language in the PPIA Adulterated if bird dies other than by slaughter Apply Good Commercial Practice at 9 CFR 381.65(e): Slaughter under GCP Poultry has been thoroughly bled and havestopped breathing prior to entering the scaldsystem 14. United States Department of AgricultureFood Safety and Inspection Service Humane Handling Enforcement Initiatives FSIS Directive 6900.2 (Aug 2011) detailedwork methods for inspection personnel HSUS and Farm Sanctuary Petitions Situation Based humane handling training Inspector General review of appeals Web posting of HH Enforcement ActionLetters