PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUES IN “THE CRISIS” BY THOMAS PAINE

EMOTIONAL APPEALS

Persuade by eliciting strong feelings (pity or fear)

EMOTIONAL APPEALS

ETHICAL APPEALS

Appeals to the sense of right and wrong

“Those Soldiers who stand firm in the service of [their] country” deserve the “love and thanks of man and woman” (Paine lines 2-3)

APPEALS TO ASSOCIATION

Suggests the reader will be accepted or respected by agreeing

APPEALS TO AUTHORITY

Cites experts or others who are to be respected

“God almighty will not give up a people to military destruction…” (Paine lines 23-24)

LOGICAL APPEALS

Uses evidence and reasoning to persuade

“THE CRISIS” BY THOMAS PAINE

Pre reading scavenger hunt: Read page 248

What do you know about Thomas Paine? What was his tone in his writings?

Who was his target audience?

Who was General Washington?

What is tyranny?

THE MOTIVATOR

Thomas Paine’s speeches and essays were the equivalent of this:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgSMxY6asoE

ASSIGNMENT

Read and annotate the first paragraph of “The Crisis” on page 250.

Annotate means: Summarize the paragraph in margins

Highlight and define words you don’t know

Identify all loaded language

Identify the tone of the paragraph

ASSIGNMENT PART DEUX

Answer the following questions:

1. Whom does Paine thank in the opening?

2. What does Paine say gives freedom its value?

3. What words does Paine use to describe the actions of the British (diction)?

4. What is implies by the terms “summer soldier” and “sunshine patriot” in the first paragraph?

5. Identify the loaded words in the first paragraph. What emotional connotations do these words have?

6. What is the tone of the entire paragraph?

ASSIGNMENT PART TROIS

Example from “The Crisis” Kind of Appeal

Emotional Appeal

Ethical Appeal

Appeal to Authority

Appeal to Association

Logical Appeal

Create a chart and answer number 6 on page 256

HOMEWORK!!!!!!!!

Study ALL THE NOTES for your test on October 2nd / 3rd.