personality type 2

8/12/2019 Personality Type 2

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Personality Defined as a unique and organized set of characteristics possessed

by an individual that determines the individuals typical or recurrentbehavior.In simple words it is totality of both inward and out wardcharacteristics of an individual. That determine by his orher cognitions , motivations , and behaviors in various situations.The word "personality" originates from the Latin persona , whichmeans mask . Significantly, in the theatre of the ancient Latin-speaking world, the mask was used as a device to the identity of acharacterPersonality trait : is characteristic of an individual according to which

individual is graded.Character : is the sum of the relatively fixed personality traits and

habitual modes of responses of an individualPersonality type refers to the psychological classification of differenttypes of individuals. Personality types are sometimes distinguishedfrom personality traits . It involves qualitative differences between people.Type theories: typology system used to describe personality

differences. Types of personality are;

1. Introverts Personality

2. extraverts Personality3. Type A Personality 4. Type B Personality

1. Type A Personality The theory describes a Type A individual as ambitious, aggressive, business-like, controlling, highly competitive, impatient, preoccupied with his or herstatus, time-conscious, and tightly-wound. People with Type A personalitiesare often high-achieving "workaholics" who multi-task, push themselveswith deadlines, and hate both delays and ambivalence.

Type A PersonalityThe following are the characteristics of the type A personality:

has a severe sense of time urgency. They are always runningand can hardly relax. Can causes irritation and exasperation If
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they dislike solitude objective reality oriented show off

optimistic flexible adopt different situations easily likes to work with others fluent in speech easy going neglectful of ailments and personal belongings Extraverts are action oriented Extraverts recharge and get their energy from spending

time with people, while

4. Introvert personality : Introversion means "inward-turning."Or the internal world of ideas and reflection (introvertedattitude).

Introverts are thought oriented. introverts recharge and get their energy from spending time alone they concern their own thoughts ,emotions ,feelings and imagination less social Like solitude and like to work alone. Reserved ,quite ,and shy Rigid and lack flexible Good in writing than speaking Care full of ailments and personal belonging. Saints, poet and philosophers are example of introvert

Physiognomy theory: this theory was given by Sheldon, who

identified some relationships between physique and mind. It is theassessment of a person's character or personality from their outerappearance, especially the face . The term physiognomy can alsorefer to the general appearance of a person.The three types
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1. Ectomorphic: characterized by long and thin muscles/limbsand low fat storage; usually referred to as slim. Ectomorphs arenot predisposed to store fat or build muscle. They are weak andhypoactive .they are intelligent, ambitious, dedicated in his

work. Shy and avoid social contacts. prefers solitude sleeppoorly if disturbed

2. Mesomorphic: characterized by medium bones, solid torso,low fat levels, wide shoulders with a narrow waist ; usuallyreferred to as muscular. Mesomorphs are predisposed to buildmuscle but not store fat. They desire power and domination.They are strong, athletic, tough personality.

3. Endomorphic: characterized by increased fat storage, a wide

waist and a large bone structure usually referred to as fat.Endomorphs are predisposed to storing fat. Over weight, eatstoo much and fatty.

Relax and calm temper, tolerant of others, loving, jovial andlikes to around people. They prefer to led than lead
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Humoral theory: proposed by Claudius Galen a Greek philosopher.He said that human body was filled with four basic substances,

called four humors, which are in balance when a person is healthy. All diseases and disabilities resulted from an excess or deficit of oneof these four humors. These deficits could be caused by vapors thatwere inhaled or absorbed by the body . The four humors:

1. Blood

2. Phlegm

3. Black bile

4. Yellow bile .
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. When a patient was suffering from a imbalance of one fluid, then hisor her personality and physical health would be affected.

1.

Sanguine personality = Blood : sanguine personality is due toexcess of blood in the body. These individual are happy, cheerful,fearless, hopeful, optimistic and interested in physical pleasure.

2. Phlegm atic personality: phlegm is thick white materialproduced during cough. These individual are sluggish, cold,aloof, calm and unemotional.

3. Melancholic personality: Black bile : secreted by the liver,these individual are depressed, unhappy, insensitive, shows suicidal

ideas.4. Choleric personality = Yellow bile : secreted by liver. These

individuals are irritable, short tempor, anger and do hate .

Personality tests

There are two major types of personality tests.

Projective tests assume personality is primarily unconscious and

assess an individual by how he or she responds to an ambiguousstimulus, like an ink blot. The idea is unconscious needs will comeout in the person's response, e.g. an aggressive person may seeimages of destruction.

Objective tests assume personality is consciously accessible andmeasure it by self-report questionnaires. Research on psychologicalassessment has generally found objective tests are more valid andreliable than projective tests.

There are many different types of personality tests. Commonpersonality tests consist of a large number of items, in whichrespondents must rate the applicability of each item to themselves.Projective tests, such as the TAT and Ink Blots are another form ofpersonality test which attempt to assess personality
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personality type 2

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