PerpetuusGratomicJointVentureWhatistheDifference?GraphiteDerivedGraphenesbasedADVANCEDMATERIALSTargetedtoDeliver

PerformanceEnhancingNanoFillers

UniqueHighlyFriableGraphiteFeedstockOptionAukamNamibia

• Highgradecrystallineveingraphiteproject

• OneoftheonlyjurisdictionsofviableveingraphiteoutsideofSri-Lanka

• Formerproducer(1940to1974)-selectiveminingofhighgraderesultedingraphiticmaterialleftinfiveavailablesurfacecaches.

• Visiblegraphitezonemeasuresatsurface

• Severalveinsopeninloweraditeasilyaccessibleforimmediatemining

• Graphiteveinsvaryinthicknessfrom10to310centimetreswithexploitedveinstypically70to152centimetres.

• AukamgraphitetographenesveinscharacterizedatSwanseaUniversitywhenplasmaprocesseddelivergraphenesat99%carbon.

• NewDiscoveryZone7.5kmalongstrikefromoldmine.

• Continueddrillingtotestandquantifycontinuityvalues

• Aukamgraphiteeasilyliberatesitsgraphenestofacilitatetheproductionofgraphiticadvancedmaterialenhancingfillers

TheAukamProject

PerpetuusGratomicJointVentureVertical-Mine–GrapheneHybridAdvancedMaterialRefinery–CommercialProduct

GrapheneFunctionalizedSurfaceModifiedGrapheneSheetsDerivedfromGraphite

MarketpotentialandtimelineGraphenesderivedfromMinedGraphite

Traditionalgraphitemarket Nextgenerationmarketdominatedbygraphenesderivedfromgraphite

Graphenegrownbottomupatombyatom

2015

ApplicationEvolutionBatterymaterials

21%Graphite

Automotive14%

Lubricants14%

Others

1.2Mtons/Annum

• Graphite2015• Graphiteto

Graphenes2020

2MTons/Annum.

Fireproofingmaterials/crucibles18%

ElastomersComposites66%

Graphene

Automotive6%

Lubricants

6%

Others

FireproofingMaterialscrucibles41%

2016–2020 Thefoundationsofearlylargevolumeconsumptionofgraphenesderivedfromgraphitewillbedrivenbytheelastomers,polymercomposites,energycaptureandstorageapplicationsmarket

• Smartphones:Rechargingweekly

• Electricvehicles:Rangeof600km

2020

Elastomersi.e.tiresAdvancedComposites

EnergyStorageandcapture

• Smartphones:Rechargingweekly

• Electricvehicles:Rangeof600km

• IOT• Biomed

• Semi-Automatic,computercontrolledforrepeatabilityandtune-ability

• Robustandcapableofprocessingmostnano-materials

• TwoTriplechamberDBDPlasmaReactorshavebeendesignedcommissionedandareinproduction.

• Productioncapacitybasedonfivedayweekcapabilityof500tonnesperannum.

• FurtherTriplechamberreactorswillbecommissionedin2018resultingina1000tonneperannumcapacitytosupporttheTireindustry.

Perpetuus/Gratomic-Roadtocommercialization PatentedmethodGraphitetoGrapheneHybridsAdvancedMaterial

EnhancingfillersPatentedmethodGraphitetoGrapheneHybridsAdvancedMaterialc

OUTIN

InputMaterialGraphite OutputMaterialGraphenestacks

PerpetuusDBDPlasmaMethod

Independentquantityandqualityverificationstudysupervisedby:

Quantity

• WebelievethatPerpetuusisthefirstandonlyofitsknownglobalcompetitorsintheindustrytohaveoutputquantityindependentlyverified

• WorkstudycommissionedandundertakeninSept2014byindustrialprocessexpertsScott-GrantLimitedandattendedbyGrantThornton

• ThestudyconfirmedthatthePerpetuusDBDplasmareactorhasatheoreticalproductioncapacityof141tonnesoffunctionalizedgraphenesperannum(24/7production)Quality

• WebelievethatPerpetuusisthefirstandonlyofitsknownglobalcompetitorsintheindustrytohaveitsproductionoutputsindependentlyverifiedtoestablishitsquality/purity/crystalinity/functionalization/morphology

• PerpetuuscommissionedCardiffUniversitysupportedbySwanseaUniversitytocarryoutafullanalysisandcharacterizationofitsfunctionalizedgraphenes

• TheindependentreportconcludedthatPerpetuus’functionalizedgraphitederivedgraphenesareofasuitablequalityformass-marketcommercialization

ApplicationTechnology DispersetheGrapheneStacksintoapolymer-Shearingenergyliberatesgraphenes

• Nano-intermediariescanonlybeobtainedthroughHomogenousDispersions• Preparedbyrealizingthemaximumsurfaceareaalongwithempatheticmatrixselective

functionalization-facilitatingtheefficientmixingofGraphenestacksintothetireselastomerictargetedmatrix.

• Dispersionroutes:includehighshearmixingmeltintercalation&insitupolymerization

Matrix Graphenestacks Tireelastomerdispersion

PerpetuusGraphenesDerivedfromGraphitePowderelastomerpolymermix

PerpetuusGratomicCollaboration

RoadtoCommercialization

• Consistentlyproducegraphenesviaanenvironmentallyfriendlypatentedcomputercontrolledproductionprocesses

•• 2018Highqualitygraphitederivedgraphenesat100kilosperhourtailoredfortheenduse.

•• Surfaceengineered,functionalisedandnonfunctionalisedoptions

• Viablecostofproduction‘intermediate’graphenesprovidedspecificallytomeettirecustomerapplicationrequirements.

• CustomergrapheneenhancedtirescurrentlyroadtestinginAsiaandEurope.

•• Expectations-2018Firstcommercialsalesofgrapheneenhancedtireshastakenplace

•• Saleswillgrowandacceleratein2019

COMMERCIALSTATUSGRAPHENEENHANCEDPASSENGERVEHICLETIRES

Graphitederivedplasmaprocessedgraphenesbeingtestedby7majortyremanufacturers-potentialdemand>10,000tonnesp.a.

Provenstudiesestablish:• Theuseofgrapheneininnerlinercompoundswillreduceairpermeability• Graphenesequalalightertyre• Graphenesequalslowerrollingresistance,highimpactandtensileproperties• Graphenesoffersimprovedeconomyandsuperiorperformance

PlasmaprocessedGraphenesderivedfromgraphitearecurrentlyundergoingpre-productiontrialsin:AsiaandEurope

TestresultsusingPlasmaprocessedGraphitederivedGraphenesestablish:• Highergripbrakingreducedby2metersat50kph(whichissignificant)• Rollingresistanceof0.019vs.normof0.009,(meaninglongerfreewheel&increasedeconomy)

• Increaseinwearwhenrealworldroadtestedagainstapremiumbrandtireapprox.5,000kilometresovernormforpremiumnongraphenetyre

• Graphenes-PlasmaFunctionalizedFillerParticles• MorphologiesTailoredToEnableSuperiorPropertiesWithinUltraLightand

StrongPolymerandElastomericComposites

Tiretestingresults

PunctureTestTotalenergyrequiredtopunctureelevatedby4%forPerpetuusGrapheneenhancedtyreovercompetitortyre.Lesspunctureincidents

ThermalCharacteristicsOnaveragea21%decreaseinheatbuildupforPerpetuusgraphenetyreswasseenincomparisonwithcompetitor.Efficientheatdissipationwhenrunning

DeflectionStudy40%reductionindeflectionseeninradialdeflectiontesting.ProvidinggreaterstabilitythancompetitorstiresLowerdeflection=lessheatgeneration+lessenergyconsumption.

PowerInput(watts)5%elevationinconvertingpowerinputtospeedwhichisasignificantimprovementovercompetitorsgrapheneenhancedandconventionaltires

Comparisonplasmaprocessedgraphitederivedgraphenetireversuscompetitormarketleadinggraphenetire

CommercialStatus:Graphenesbeingtestedby7majortyremanufacturerswithpotentialdemand>10,000tonnesp.a.

FIRSTTARGETEDCOMMERCIALAPPLICATION

GrapheneEnhancedTires

Tireterraintestsonsmallcommercialhighmileagevehicles15instiresrepeatedinEuropeandAsia

PremierBrandTiretestedagainstGrapheneenhancedTiretreads.PunishingTerrainTestingViacommerciallightdeliveryvehiclesRepeatedthreetimessameresult

ConventionalComposite

carbonfiber resin

PremierBrandApprox.11000miles

TreadwithenhancedgraphenesApprox.11000

miles

TreadwithenhancedgraphenesApprox.11000miles

PerpetuusGratomicJointVentureWhatistheDifference?GraphiteDerivedGraphenesbasedADVANCEDMATERIALSTargetedtoDeliver

PerformanceEnhancingNanoFillersTheMarket(ThePrize)

1.In2015,theUSalonemanufacturedalmost170milliontires.Over2.5billiontiresaremanufacturedannually,makingthetireindustryamajorconsumerofnaturalrubberandsyntheticrubber.Itisestimatedthatin2019,3billiontireswillbesoldgloballyeveryyear.2.EachyearAmericansspendabout$20billionreplacingthetiresontheirpassengercarsandlighttrucks.Atotalofabout200millionreplacementpassengertiresarepurchasedintheUnitedStatesaloneannually.3.Thetireyoubuywillaffectnotonlythehandling,traction,ridecomfort,andappearanceofthevehiclsbutalsofueleconomy.4.Tiresaffectvehiclefueleconomymainlythroughrollingresistance.Asatirerollsunderthevehicle’sweight,itsshapechangesrepeatedlyasitexperiencesrecurringcyclesofdeformationandrecovery.Combinationsofdifferencesintiredimensions,design,materials,andconstructionfeatureswillcausetirestodifferinrollingresistanceaswellasinmanyotherattributessuchastraction,handling,noise,wearresistance,andappearance.5.GrapheneHybridenhancedtirescanbeformulatedfortheneedsrequiredforthepurpose-HyperHigh-PerformancePassengerTirestoBatterypoweredvehiclestoIndustrialTires.6.AgrapheneHybridenhancedTirewillreducerollingresistancemorempgormilespercharge,increasewearlastlongeralleviatingtheburdenontiredisposalandrecyclingandprovidesuperiorhandlingsafety.GratomicPrimaryDeliverable·LaunchHHPGratomictireintomarket2018.·Why?DemonstratethataGrapheneenhancedTireisavailableforthepublictopurchase.·GeneratemarketpulldrivingsalesoftheGratomicRangeintomorethan12millionTiresperanuumsalesby2020.