periodontal instruments and their uses
TRANSCRIPT
PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTS &
there uses
Wtar omerZara khasrowAzmar akram
PERIDONTAL INSTRUMENTS
PERIODONTAL PROBES EXPLORERS SCALING, ROOT-PLANING & CURETTAGE PERIODONTAL ENDOSCOPE CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENTS
CLASSIFICATION• PERIODONTAL PROBES-
• EXPLORERS-
SCALING, ROOT-PLANING AND
CURETTAGE INSTRUMENTSA. Curette : for sub gingival
scaling, root planning and removal of the soft tissue lining the pocket
B. Sickle Scaler : to remove supra gingival calculus
C. File
D. Chisel
E. Hoe
to remove tenacious calculus and altered cementum
Ultrasonic and sonic instruments- for cleansing and polishing tooth surface and curetting the soft tissue wall of the periodontal pocket
CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENTS
eg : rubber cups, brushes, dental tape, air-powder abrasive system
PARTS OF INSTRUMENT
• It is usually long, thin, and blunted at the end. The primary purpose of a periodontal probe is to measure pocket depths around a tooth in order to establish the state of health of the periodontium . There are markings inscribed onto the head of the instrument for accuracy and readability.
PERIDONATAL PROBES
SICKLE SCALERS
SICKLE SCALERS / SUPRAGINGIVAL
SCALERS • USED TO REMOVE
LARGE CALCULUS DEPOSITS FROM THE ENAMEL SURFACE
• USED WITH A PULL STROKE.
HOE SCALERS HOE SCALERS ARE USED FOR SCALING OF
LEDGES OR RINGS CALCULUS
• IT IS DESIGNED FOR THE PROXIMAL SURFACE OF TEETH TOO CLOSELY SPACED TO PERMIT THE USE OF OTHER SCALERS
• IT IS USUALLY USED IN ANTERIOR PART OF THE MOUTH
FILES• THEIR PRIMARY
FUNCTION IS TO FRACTURE OR CRUSH LARGE DEPOSITE OF TENACIOUS CALCULUS
• FILES CAN EASILY ROUGHEN ROOT SURFACES WHEN USED IMPROPERLY THEREFORE, THEY ARE SUITABLE FOR FINE SCALING
CURETTESCURETTES ARE OF TWO TYPES1. UNIVERSAL2. AREA SPECIFIC
UNIVERSAL CURETTES-USED IN ANY AREA-BOTH CUTTING EDGES USED-CURVED IN ONE PLANE-FACE OF BLADE AT 90 DEGREE TO SHANK
AREA SPECIFIC-USED IN SPECIFIC AREAS-ONE CUTTING EDGE USED-CURVED IN TWO PLANEOFFSET BLADE
• SCHWARTZ PERIOTRIEVERS A SET OF DOUBLE ENDED
HIGHLY MAGNETISED INSTRUMENTS DESIGNED FOR THE RETRIEVEL OF BROCKEN INSTRUMENT TIPS
• PLASTIC INSTRUMENTS FOR IMPLANTS TO AVOID
SCARRING AND PERMANENT DAMAGE TO IMPLANTS
DIAMOND COATED FILES
UNIQUE INSTRUMENTS USED FOR FINAL FINISHING OF ROOT SURFACES
QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES
HOES WITH A SHALLOW, HALF MOON RADIOUS THAT FITS INTO ROOF OR FLOOR OF FURCATION & DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSIONS OF ROOT SURFACE
SONIC AND ULTRASONIC
ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENTS :USED FOR REMOVING PLAQUE, STAINS, FOR SCALING & CURETTAGE
SONIC INSTRUMENTS : LESS POWER FOR CALCULUS REMOVAL THAN ULTRASONIC UNITS
MAGNETOSTRICTIVE ULTRASONIC UNIT
PERIDONTAL ENDOSCOPY
Use of a small fiber optic endoscope attached to a specially designed dental instrument, such as an explorer, showing sub gingival deposits in a magnified view.
CLEANSING & POLISHINING• RUBBER CUPS:- CONSIST OF A RUBBER WITH
OR WITHOUT WEBBED CONFIGURATIONS IN THE HOLLOW INTERIOR
• USED IN HANDPIECE WITH A SPECIAL PROPHYLAXIS
• A GOOD CLEANSING & POLISHING PASTE THAT CONTAIN FLOURIED SHOULD BE USED & KEPT MOIST TO MINIMIZE FRICTION HEAT
BRISTLE• AVAILABLE IN WHEEL & CUP
SHAPES• USED IN PROPHYLAXIS ANGLE
WITH A POLISHING PASTE
DENTAL TAPE
DENTAL TAPE WITH POLISHING PASTE IN USED FOR POLISHING PROXIMAL SURFACE THAT ARE INACCESSIBLE TO OTHER POLISHING INSTRUMENTS
AIR POWDER POLISHINGAir-powder polishing is used with a specially designed handpiece. This device is called Prophy-jet. It delivers an air-powder slurry of warm water and sodium bicarbonate for polishing. It is very effective for the removal of extrinsic stains and soft deposits
PERIDONTAL KNIVES
• USED FOR GINGIVECTOMY
SURGICAL BLADES
• USED IN PERIDONTAL SURGERY
PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR
• NEEDED TO REFLECT & MOVE THE FLAP AFTER THE INCISION HAS BEN MADE FOR FLAP SURGERY
TISSUE FORCEPS
• USED TO HOLD THE FLAP DURING SUTURING • USED TO POSITION & DISPLACE THE FLAP
AFTER THE FLAP HAS BENN REFLECTED
SCISSORS AND NIPERS
• USED TO REMOVE TABS OF TISSUE DURING GINGIVECTOMY, TRIM THE MARGIN OF FLAP, ENLARGE INCISION IN PERIDONTAL ABSCESES ,REMOVE MUSCCHMENT IN SURGERY
GOLDMAN – FOX SCISSORS
NEEDLE HOLDER
• USED TO SUTURE THE FLAP AT THE DESIRE PORTION AFTER SURIGAL PROCEDURE HAS BEEN COMPLETE.
CASTROVEJO NEDDLE HOLDER
THANK YOU