PERFORMANCE OFPERFORMANCE OFM10+50M10+50™™

Analysis Charts & Presentation :Analysis Charts & Presentation :Thomas StevensThomas StevensAndy StevensAndy StevensTarcisio NogueraTarcisio NogueraB.S.C.E B.S.C.E –– PE Col PE Col –– EIT FLEIT FL..

Soil Stabilizer

ASTM D422 / C39 / D1557 – AASHTO T89

Lab Tests preformed by

Engineering Research

E.I.E ECHEVERRY INGENERIA Y ENSAYOS LTDA

Gerardo Bravo, PERocio Echeverry, PE

BogotáColombia

STANDARD TESTS STANDARD TESTS PERFORMEDPERFORMED

►► Soil ParticleSoil Particle--Size AnalysisSize AnalysisASTM D2487/D421/D422 ASTM D2487/D421/D422 AASHTO T88AASHTO T88

►► AtterbergAtterberg Limits & Limits & PlasticityPlasticity

ASTM D4318ASTM D4318AASHTO T89AASHTO T89

►► Optimum Soil MoistureOptimum Soil MoistureASTM D698/D1557/D2216ASTM D698/D1557/D2216D4643D4643-- AASHTO T180AASHTO T180

►► Compressive StrengthCompressive StrengthASTM D2166/C39ASTM D2166/C39AASHTO T208AASHTO T208

►► PH of soilPH of soilASTM D4972ASTM D4972

►► Effectiveness of Chemicals for Effectiveness of Chemicals for soil Stabilizationsoil Stabilization

ASTM D4609ASTM D4609

PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS OF PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS OF THE SOILTHE SOIL

ASTM D2487 ASTM D2487 Classification of Soil for Engineering Classification of Soil for Engineering PurposesPurposes

D421D421Dry preparation of Soil for particle Dry preparation of Soil for particle size analysis and determination of size analysis and determination of soil constantssoil constants

D422D422Particle size analysis of soilParticle size analysis of soil..

►► The results are plotted as a The results are plotted as a percentage passing versus percentage passing versus sieve opening. The plot is sieve opening. The plot is referred as referred as grain size curvegrain size curve..

3”

#4

#200

Rock

Sand

Fines

Equipment

Main Sieves

PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS OF PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS OF THE SOILTHE SOIL

In this specific case :In this specific case :

100% passing 3”100% passing 3”93.1% passing 1 ½”93.1% passing 1 ½”83.5% passing 1”83.5% passing 1”70.3% passing ½”70.3% passing ½”51.3% passing #4 51.3% passing #4 24.4% passing #20024.4% passing #200

ATTERBERG LIMITS & ATTERBERG LIMITS & PLASTICITYPLASTICITY

ASTM D4318ASTM D4318►► Liquid Plastic limits & Liquid Plastic limits &

plasticity index of Soilsplasticity index of Soils

If the percentages passing If the percentages passing the #200 sieve is between the #200 sieve is between 5% and 12%, the soils 5% and 12%, the soils require dual classification require dual classification reflecting both gradation reflecting both gradation and plasticity. When and plasticity. When determination of the fine determination of the fine particles of the soil (#200 particles of the soil (#200 passing) is difficult, the passing) is difficult, the hydrometer test (ASTM Dhydrometer test (ASTM D--422) will be necessary422) will be necessary

►► The type of material The type of material passing #200 will passing #200 will determine the type and determine the type and amount of stabilizeramount of stabilizer

ATTERBERG LIMITS & ATTERBERG LIMITS & PLASTICITYPLASTICITY

In this specific case :In this specific case :LL = 23 %LL = 23 %PL = 18 %PL = 18 %PI = LL PI = LL –– PL = 5 %PL = 5 %USCS Classification GMUSCS Classification GM--GCGCAASHTO Classification AAASHTO Classification A--11--bb

These results in These results in conjunction with the conjunction with the sieve analysis can sieve analysis can determine the determine the classification of soils classification of soils with either the USCSwith either the USCSor AASHTO systemsor AASHTO systems

OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENTOPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENTASTM StandardsASTM Standards

D698D698 Laboratory compaction Laboratory compaction characteristics of characteristics of Soil using standard effort.Soil using standard effort.

D1557D1557 Laboratory compactionLaboratory compaction characteristics of characteristics of Soil using modified effort.Soil using modified effort.

D2216 D2216 Determination of water moisture content Determination of water moisture content of soil.of soil.

D4643 D4643 Determination of water moisture content Determination of water moisture content of soil by the microwave oven method.of soil by the microwave oven method.

PROCTOR PROCTOR TESTTEST

This reflects the This reflects the amount of amount of moisture to mix moisture to mix with the soil to with the soil to obtain maximum obtain maximum compactioncompaction

OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTUREOPTIMUM SOIL MOISTUREIn this specific case:In this specific case:Maximum Dry Density (MDD)Maximum Dry Density (MDD)Equals 1.967 gr/cm3Equals 1.967 gr/cm3Optimum Moisture = 9.1 %Optimum Moisture = 9.1 %

1.78

1.8

1.82

1.84

1.86

1.88

1.9

1.92

1.94

1.96

1.98

6.6% 8.3% 10.1% 12.2%

Water Content %

Max

imum

dry

Wei

ght

kg/m

3

UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHSTRENGTH

ASTM D2166ASTM D2166

Unconfined Compressive Unconfined Compressive strength of cohesive soilstrength of cohesive soil

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHCOMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHCOMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHCOMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

SPECIMEN PREPARATION:SPECIMEN PREPARATION:

►► Test samples cured at Test samples cured at 1,7,14, and 28 days1,7,14, and 28 days

Testing M10+50Testing M10+50™™ and simulating inand simulating in--situ conditionssitu conditions

UC STRENGTH andUC STRENGTH andDOSAGE RATESDOSAGE RATES

In this specific case:In this specific case:

►► Optimum Optimum M10+50M10+50™™rate of 3.6 Liters per rate of 3.6 Liters per Cubic Meter (lt/m3)Cubic Meter (lt/m3)

►► Higher Compressive Higher Compressive strength (260 psi)strength (260 psi)

►► Increase of 313% over Increase of 313% over Treated versus UnTreated versus Un--TreatedTreated

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

CONTROL 2,5 lt/m3 3.5 lt/m3 4.5 lt/m3

SAMPLE - Rate

Com

pres

sive

Stre

ngth

PS

I

PH OF SOILPH OF SOIL

►► ASTM ASTM D4972D4972

Standard test Standard test method for pH method for pH of soils.of soils.

ASTM DASTM D--46094609EFFECTIVNES OF CHEMICALS EFFECTIVNES OF CHEMICALS

FOR SOIL STABILIZATIONFOR SOIL STABILIZATION

EXPECTED RESULTSEXPECTED RESULTS

**Plasticity ReductionPlasticity Reduction

**Increase of Maximum Dry DensityIncrease of Maximum Dry Density

**Increase of UCS by Fifty psi or moreIncrease of UCS by Fifty psi or more