perception and communication chapter 3. the process of human perception perception: the active...

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Perception and Communication Chapter 3 Chapter 3

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Page 1: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Perception and Communication

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Page 2: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

The Process of Human Perception

• Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and interpreting people, objects, events, situations and other phenomena

Page 3: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Selection

• We select to attend to certain stimuli based on a number of factors: The qualities of the phenomena Self-indication Our motives and needs Culture

Page 4: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Organization

• Constructivism – we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called schemata Prototype Personal construct Stereotype Script

Page 5: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Interpretation

• The subjective process of explaining our perceptions in ways that make sense to us

• Attributions Locus Stability Specificity Responsibility

Page 6: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Interpretation Continued

• Attributional Errors

Self-serving bias Fundamental attribution error

Page 7: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Influences On Perception

• Physiology

• Age

• Expectations

• Culture Social location Roles

Page 8: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Influences On Perception Continued

• Cognitive abilities Cognitive complexity Person-centeredness

• Self

Page 9: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Implicit Personality Theory

• A collection of unspoken and sometimes unconscious assumptions about how various qualities fit together in human personalities

Page 10: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

Guidelines for Improving Perception And Communication

• Recognize that all perceptions are partial and subjective

• Avoid mind reading

• Check perceptions with others

• Distinguish between facts and inferences

• Guard against the self-serving bias

• Guard against the fundamental attribution error

• Monitor labels

Page 11: Perception and Communication Chapter 3. The Process of Human Perception Perception: the active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing, and

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