The fastest growing and largest segment of Protestant-evangelical Christianity is now

the “renewal” movement

The quest for the pure church practice has motivated many to reject the institutional church and practice spiritual manners and seek spiritual experiences or phenomena

Montanus (mid 2nd cent), in central Turkey or Phrygia, declared himself to be the Paraclete, incarnation of the Spirit.Spoke in ecstatic visions and urged fasting and

prayingHis prophecies superseded and fulfilled the Bible

doctrinesA few scattered references through the Dark

Ages from mystics entering a trance would speak in a babbling

Augustine said “tongues” disappeared quickly

Camisards or Jensenites (French Prophets) (1705) believed the prophecy of Joel was fulfilled in their day– voices from heaven spoke to them Rejected doctrine of justification but held a mystical

experience of their soul with their CreatorMoved to England and influenced the Shaker movement

and Anabaptist Spiritualists movementShakers under Ann Lee practiced ecstasy in dancing,

trances, loosing control of themselves and speaking in strange languages though non-orthodox

Edward Irving (1830) in England, sought the restoration of all spiritual gifts including apostleship and tongues (Irving did not speak in tongues so could not become an apostle in his own church!)

National Camp Meeting Association for the Promotion of Christian Holiness, “that all would realize together a Pentecostal baptism of the Holy Ghost” 1867

Holiness movement rooted in John Wesley’s theology1. Prevenient Grace – drawing a sinner to God – “assisting

grace” if yielded to2. Convincing Grace – evidenced by repentance to

salvation, but must continue on to sanctification or lose this grace, thus holiness becomes essential to salvation

3. Second Work of Grace – instantaneous higher powerHe defines sin as a willful decision to sin – sins of omission are

not considered sin.4. Progressive entire sanctification: without progress you

lose it5. Glorification is contingent upon progress in stages of

sanctification

Charles Finney (1792-1875) and Revivalism (1792-1820) – Second Awakening – Gave the bazaar practices to meetingsDenied original sin (only conscious disobedience is

sin), Armininian, salvation in 3 stagesHoliness Movement mostly based on FinneyClaimed the Second Work of Grace was the Baptism

of the Spirit, and was essential for sanctificationSalvation was seen as the result of sanctification

which was only possible through the power baptism of the Spirit

The Holiness Movement was trans-denominationalUniversal quest for the Baptism of the Spirit for power to

be holyDoctrine came from Methodist, but practice came from

American frontier, open air revivalism Following the Civil War the movement sought to bring

America back to moral foundationsAnyone who could gather a crowd and be persuasive Before the Civil War there were 4,000 itinerating

evangelists – after the War, there were 1,000 evangelists

Began preaching at 15, married at 19, started a “healing home” in Topeka, Kansas –believed he had been healed from rheumatic fever

Sought to know the latest truths of the Latter Day Rain Movement on a sabbatical

Returned to Topeka to find he had lost control of his healing home, so he started Bethel Bible School by faith, without tuition

New Years service, Jan 1, 1901,after the small group was fasting and praying for the baptism of the Spirit, Agnes Ozman was the first to speak in “tongues”

This was the first linking of seeking the baptism of the Spirit and speaking in tongues

Its origins began on New Years, 1901, in Topeka, KA, then spread to Azusa Street Mission (Revival) in Los Angeles in 1904-06 Parham moved from Topeka to Houston where he taught

his new doctrine William Seymour, a one-eyed African-American was

allowed to listen from another room Seymour was invited to a small mission in a poor section

of Los Angeles, where his preaching sparked a revival that changed Christianity until the present

Many believed the tongues were literal languages to evangelize the world, but discovered they were babble

The Assemblies of God (AG) were formed in 1914Period of Ostracism (1920-1960) by other evangelicalsCharismatic movement launched Pentecostalism on

the world

April, 1960, Father Dennis Bennett, Rector of Episcopal Church of Van Nuys, CA, announced he had spoken in tonguesTaught that all the gifts were operative for church todayNow the miraculous gifts became the goal of the baptism,

and effective ministry – rather than sanctificationSpring, 1966, laymen of Duquesne Univ., Pittsburgh,

spoke in tongues to begin the Catholic Charismatic Movement Catholics have grown beyond the Protestant CharismaticsCatholics interpret their experience as ratification of the

Catholic doctrineThe focus on an emotional style of worship to lead to

feeling the presence of God is becoming the normpentecostal_bedlam

Peter Wagner , 1983, described the Third Wave of the Holy Spirit , which is part of the Charismatic movement – Also the Vineyard Movement

This movement incorporates the Latter Rain Movement, Manifest Sons of God teaching and Kingdom Now and Dominion Theology (to be discussed in the SLSW movement next week) and the Apostolic Renewal Movement

This movement identifies the baptism of the Spirit with salvation without a second work of grace experience

Their emphasis is on the ongoing manifestations of the Spirit (tongues may or may not be emphasized). Most Third Wave leaders do not usually speak in tongues The emphasis is on miracles, prophecy and demonic conquest Worship is central, spiritual disciplines, visions, voices, etc.

Key leaders are John Wimber, Paul Cain, Bob Jones, Mike Bickle

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDBRgZP7ul8

The new Subjective Hermeneutic displaces the grammatical-linguistic-historical principles

Four areas of focus:1. Narrative-based interpretation over didactic texts2. Community-based interpretation, what the Spirit

gives a congregation through revelations3. Unlimited reading into a passage the interpreter’s

background or subjective experiences4. Mediating-based interpretation which assumes a

vast common ground between cessationists and noncessationists for unity and acceptance

To discuss any biblical text an agreed upon hermeneutic is essential, and now that is nearly impossible!

Jesus’ promise of “further truth” is a license for unlimited revelations

A variety of views are held, but all teach a 2nd work of grace or post-conversion enduement is necessary

Variety of views on glossolalia as a sign of Spirit BaptismTongues is the traditional Pentecostal/Charismatic signSome special gift manifestation esp. healing or miraclesDesire to worship and serve Jesus

Unique manifestations are special signs: “slaying in the Spirit,” levitating, filling teeth, laughing uncontrollably, jerking, going unconscious, continual jumping or holding up arms, dancing for hours, reading people’s minds, foretelling their future.

"I do wish to issue a warning about the dangers of a 'charismatic sympathy' position that remains open to the possibility of noncessationism. All it takes for a local church or a Christian college or seminary to become totally noncessationist is for the leadership to become "charismatic sympathizers." Recent evangelical history has taught that. An institution does not have to be pro-noncessationist to move in that direction. All it has to do is to have 'Open But Cautious' leaders, members, or students, and over time, noncessationism will leave its mark on that body."

Nothing “big” is possible without Pentecostal support“Open, but cautious” view eventually becomes pro-

Pentecostal60-70% of Latin American evangelicals are charismaticGrowing at 8.1% -- 50% higher than evangelical 5.4%From 0 to 523 million+ in 100 years!They are the boldest, most evangelistic, unashamed,

confrontationalist Christians todayThey exercise their faith in bold testimony to God’s

power over the impossible without hesitation.

Dead orthodoxy can never replace a vital relationshipScripture is alive and realGifted leadership must leadKnowledge cannot replace brotherly loveEmotions must be led by truth, but truth must not

suppress emotionsHuman efforts cannot replace the work of the SpiritAll Christians need to be aggressive in proclaiming

the gospelPeople need to participate in worshipChristians need higher level of commitment