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Penguins On Parade DressedintuxedoattireisafascinatingbirdthatrefusestocrossintotheNorthernHemisphere.Butdon’tletthatstopyou!Justheadsouthwiththefollowingactivities,reproduciblebooklet,andpatternsforanunforgettablelearningexperience.

ideas contributed by Linda D. Rourke

They Like It Cold! MillionsofpenguinsmaketheirhomesinthecoldwatersoftheSouthernHemisphere.FromAntarcticatotheequator,penguinhomescanbefound.Becausepenguinswillnotcrossintowarmoceanwaters,theyarenotfoundinotherareasoftheworld. IdentifytheSouthernHemisphereonaworldmaporglobe.HavestudentslocateAntarctica,NewZealand,Australia,SouthAfrica,theFalklandIslands,andtheGalapagosIslands—allpenguinhabitats.Nextremindstudentsthatpenguinspreferwatertoland.Helpstudentsdeterminethatpenguinswouldlivealongtheshoresoftheabovelocations.A Unique Bird

Thoughpenguinsarewarm-bloodedandfeatheredlikeotherbirds,theyalsohavecharacteristicsthatmakethemunique.Enlightenstudentswiththeknowledgethatpenguinsdonotfly.Atleastnotintheair!Theirpowerfulwings,whichtheyuselikeflippers,enablepenguinsto“fly”throughthewateratrapidspeeds.Anotheruniquepenguincharacteristicistheirposture.Penguinsstandupstraightlikepeople.Thisisbecauseofthewaytheirlegsareattachedtotheirbod-ies.Iftheyleanedoverlikeotherbirds,theywouldfallflatontheirfaces! Studentswillenjoymakingtheirownuniquepenguins.Eachstudentwillneed:

construction paper2”x12”pieceofblack 1”x5”pieceofwhite11/2”x6”pieceofblack 2”x3”pieceofblack11/2”x6”pieceofwhite 3”x3”squareoforange1”x5”pieceofblack

other suppliesscissors,glue,holepunch,blackcrayon

Little To Big Penguinscomeinawiderangeofsizes.Thefairypenguin—alittleoverafoottallandweighingaroundtwopounds—isthesmallestofthe18penguinspe-cies.Theemperorpenguin—nearlyfourfeettallandweighingcloseto100pounds—isthelargest.Writethenamesofthepenguinsontagboardstrips.Asaclassactivity,measureanddisplaythestripsonawallattheactualheightsofthepenguins.Challengestudentstolocatesimilarinformationaboutotherpenguintypes.You’llsoonhaveaparadeofpenguininformation!

Penguin Type Approximate height Blue 16inches Rock-hopper 24inches Crested 28inches Royal 28inches Yellow-eyed 30inches Adélie 30inches Gentoo 30inches Chinstrap 30inches King 38inches

beak

fold

wings

backglue

foldup

Directions: 1. Rollthe2”x12”andthe1”x5”piecesofblackintocylinders

andglue.Gluethetwocylinderstogethertomaketheheadandbody.Creasethelowerportionofthebodyasshown.

2. Roundthecornersofthe11/2”x6”pieceofwhite;thengluetothefrontofthebody.

3. Foldinhalfthe11/2”x6”pieceofblack.Cutouttwomatchingwings.

4. Foldinhalfthe1”x5”pieceofwhite.Cutouttwomatchingwings.Glueeachcutoutatopablackwing.

5. Gluethewingstothebody. 6. Foldinhalftheorangesquare.Cutouttwomatchingfeet.

Gluefeettothebody. 7. Trimthe2”x3”pieceofblacktomakeatail.Gluetothe

body.Creasethetailasshown. 8. Usingaholepunchandascrapofwhite,maketwoeyes.

Adddetailswithcrayon.Glueeyestohead. 9. Cutabeakfromascrapoforange.Gluetohead.

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Emperor

Penguins

The

Amazing

Get Along, Little Penguin! Tryingtokeepupwithapenguinintheoceanwouldbenexttoimpossible!Theyareexcellentlong-distanceswim-mers,andtheirnormalswimmingspeedisequaltothespeedofthefastesthumanrunners!Butwhenapenguincomesashore(whichoccurseachyear),itsmobilityisgreatlyhinderedbyshort,stubbylegs.Inanopenarea,haveeachstudentlooselytieabandanaorstripofclotharoundhisankles;thenhavehimstanderecttomimicpenguinpos-ture.Challengestudentstowalkfromonesideoftheroomtotheotherinanefforttobetterunderstandtherestraintspenguinsendure.Nextinformstudentsthatmostpenguinspecieswalkintheirownspecialway,whichisrelevanttotheirsize.Forexample,emperorpenguinsswayfromsidetoside,whilethesmallerrock-hoppershop.Gentoopenguins(whichfallbetweenthesetwopenguinsinsize)trotbriskly.Havestudentsattemptthesepenguinwalks,thendevisewalksoftheirown.Attheendofthisactivity,studentswillbetterunderstandwhypenguinschooseto“to-boggan”(slidingontheirstomachs,whilepushingwiththeirwingsandfeet)whenthere’ssnowontheground.It’snoteasywalkinglikepenguins!

Something Fishy Eachtypeofpenguinhasitsfavoritekindoffood.Thesefoodsarefoundatdifferentdepthsintheocean.Krill,shrimplikeanimals,arefoundneartheocean’ssur-face.Penguinsthatfeedonfishmustdivedeeper.Andthedeepest-divingbirdofthemall,theemperorpenguin,searchesforsquidupto885feetbeneaththesurfaceoftheocean!Howdopenguinsholdontotheirslipperymeals?Fleshybarbscoverthetongueandliningofapenguin’smouth.Thesebarbspointbackwardsdownitsthroat,enablingpreytoslipin,butnotout!There’snodoubtthatPepperidgeFarm’sGoldfish®tinycrackerswillenhancepenguin-relatedwordproblempractice.Providestudentswithampleamountsofcrackerstomanipulateatoppaperplates.Whenthemathlessoniscomplete,themanipulativesmaybeeaten!

Do Penguins Get Cold? Likeman,penguinsarewarm-bloodedandmakeheatinsidetheirbodies.Butunlikeman,penguinshaveinsu-lationthatenablesthemtowithstandextremelycoldtemperatures.Apenguin’sinsulationisseverallayersthick.Alayeroftightlypackedfeatherscoversapenguin’sbody.Beneaththatisalayerofair,andthenskin.Undertheskinisathicklayeroffatcalledblubber. Thisinsulationkeepsapenguinwarminextremelycoldtemperatures.Apenguin’sinsulationissoefficientthatitcangettoohot!Whenthishappens,apenguinfluffsupitsfeatherstolettheheatescape,andmayevenpanttocooloff.That’shardtoimagineinbelowzerotemperatures!Havestu-dentscomparehowtheydressforcoldweathertohowapenguinisdressed.Throughdiscussionhelpstudentsdeducethatasystemoflayersisaneffectivewayofretainingbodyheat.Thenbundleupforafewminutesofoutdoorplay.

Simply Amazing! Standingin-50°Ftemperaturesfortwomonthswithoutfoodisn’tthetypeofthinganormalbirdwoulddo.Butanemperorpenguinisnotanormalbird!Thereproduciblebookletentitled“TheAmazingEmperorPenguins”tellsaboutthespecialwayemperorpenguinsincubatetheiryoung.Duplicatepages7and8onwhiteconstructionpaper.Instructstudentstocutonthedottedlinesonly.Havestudentscolortheillustrations,thenpastethebookletpagesinorderon30”x51/2”stripsofbulletinboardpaper.Punchholeswhereindicatedandtiewithribbons.Foldbackthetopcoverandaccordion-foldthepagestocom-pletethebooklet.

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Foldback.

Glue

Glue

Accordionfold.

Fol

dup

.

A Super Dad! Eachyearthefatheremperorpenguintakesanac-tiveroleintheincubationandraisingofhisnewchick.Reinforcehisroleandprovidehandwritingpracticewiththepoemtotheright.Haveeachstudentmounthiscompletedpoemalongsideafatherpenguin(patternbelow)onasheetofdarkblue9”x12”constructionpaper.Forasnowyeffect,havestudentsspongepaintthebackgroundwithwhitetemperapaint.

My dad just can’t be beat.He helps me feel the warmth and heat. Boy, I have the very best seat!Sitting upon my father’s feet.

More About Penguins! The Penguin Family Book,byLauritzSommeandSybilleKalas,takesthereaderonanexpeditiontoBouvetIslandintheAntarcticOcean.Herereadersfollowthelifecyclesofchinstrappenguinsintheirnaturalhabitat.Filledwithfull-colorphotographs,thisbookiswrittenwithaclearandsimpletext,andissuretobefavoredbyyourstudents. A Penguin Year, bySusanBonners,isanintroductiontotheAdéliepenguinsofAntarctica.Theeasy-to-readtextdescribesthephysicalcharacteristics,habits,andnaturalenvironmentofthepenguins,andishighlightedbyblueandblackwatercolorillustrations.Thisbookisalsoamustforthepenguinlover!

Usewith“ASuperDad!”(above).Duplicateonwhiteconstructionpaper.Colorandcutout;thenfoldonthedottedlines.Glueasshown.

©The Education Center, Inc. • Penguins • Primary • TEC3193

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