PENGARUH LATIHAN RELAKSASI PMR (PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE

RELAXATION) TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PADA ATLET BELADIRI

KARATE

SKRIPSI

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana

Pendidikan

Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan

Oleh

Raisya Qonita Sabila

1600119

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN KEPELATIHAN OLAHRAGA

FAKULTAS PENDIDIKAN OLAHRAGA DAN KESEHATAN

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA

2020

PENGARUH LATIHAN RELAKSASI PMR (PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE

RELAXATION) TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PADA ATLET BELADIRI

KARATE

Oleh

Raisya Qonita Sabila

Sebuah Skripsi yang Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat

Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pada

Fakultas Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan

© Raisya Qonita Sabila 2020

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Januari 2020

Hak Cipta dilindungi Undang-undang.

Skripsi ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian.

Dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa ijin penulis.

ABSTRAK

PENGARUH LATIHAN RELAKSASI PMR (PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE

RELAXATION) TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PADA ATLET BELADIRI

KARATE

Pembimbing : Muhamad Tafaqur, M.Pd.

Raisya Qonita Sabila

1600119

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan PMR (progressive

muscle relaxation) terhadap agresivitas pada atlet beladiri karate. Metode yang digunakan

adalah metode eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini mengambil

teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet UKM Karate UPI

nomor kumite sebanyak 10 orang. Desain penelitian pre test posttest control group.

Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen angket agresifitas. Dari hasil

pengolahan data penelitian, maka diperoleh bahwa hasil output uji paired samples

diketahui nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,003 < 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.

Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan relaksasi PMR berpengaruh secara signifikan

terhadap agresivitas pada atlet beladiri di UKM Karate UPI.

Kata kunci : progressive muscle relaxation, atlet beladiri karate, agresifitas.

*) Mahasiswa Prodi PKO FPOK Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Angkatan

2016

ABSTRACK

THE EFFECT OF PMR TRAINING (PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE

RELAXATION) ON THE AGGRESSIVENESS OF KARATE MARTIAL

ATHLETES

Supervisor: Muhamad Tafaqur, M.Pd.

Raisya Qonita Sabila

1600119

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PMR (progressive muscle

relaxation) training on aggressiveness in karate martial athletes. The method used is an

experimental method. The sampling technique in this study took a purposive sampling

technique. The sample in this study were UPI Karate UKM athletes numbered 10 people.

Pre-test posttest control group research design. The research instrument used was the

questionnaire instrument of aggressiveness. From the results of processing research data,

it is found that the results of the paired samples test output is known sig. (2-tailed) of

0.003 <0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that the

relaxation exercises of PMR significantly influence the aggressiveness in martial arts

athletes at UPI Karate UKM.

.

Keywords: progressive muscle relaxation, karate martial athletes, aggressiveness

*) Students of PKO FPOK Study Program of Indonesian Education University

Class 2016

DAFTAR ISI

PERNYATAAN ...................................................................................................... i

ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. ii

ABSTRACK ......................................................................................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iv

UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ..................................................................................v

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ ix

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ vi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1

1.1. Latar Belakang ..................................................................................... 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 3

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian.................................................................................. 3

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian................................................................................ 4

1.5. Batasan Penelitian ................................................................................ 4

1.6. Batasan Istilah ...................................................................................... 4

1.7. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .................................................................. 5

BAB II KAJIAN TEORITIS .................................................................................6

2.1. Hakikat Latihan Relaksasi .................................................................... 6

2.1.1. Pengertian Relaksasi Progressive Muscle Relaxation .............. 6

2.1.2. Prosedur Relaksasi Otot Progresif ............................................ 7

2.2. Hakikat Agresivitas ............................................................................ 16

2.2.1. Pengertian Agresivitas ............................................................ 16

2.2.2. Jenis-Jenis Agresivitas ........................................................... 17

2.2.3. Faktor-Faktor Agresivitas ....................................................... 19

2.3. Hakikat Olahraga Beladiri .................................................................. 20

2.3.1. Pengertian Olahraga Beladiri ................................................. 20

2.3.2. Peraturan Pertandingan Kumite .............................................. 21

2.3.2.1. Skor Yang Diberikan Dalam Pertandingan Karate

Kumite ...................................................................... 22

2.3.2.2. Perilaku Yang Di Larang Dalam Pertandingan Karate

Kumite ...................................................................... 27

2.3.3. Kata ........................................................................................ 32

2.3.4. Kumite .................................................................................... 34

2.4. Kerangka Berfikir ............................................................................... 35

2.5. Hipotesis Penelitian .............................................................................. 37

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .....................................................................38

3.1. Metode Dan Desain Penelitian ............................................................. 38

3.2. Partisipan Penelitian ........................................................................... 40

3.3. Populasi Dan Sampel ......................................................................... 40

3.3.1. Populasi .................................................................................. 40

3.3.2. Sampel .................................................................................... 41

3.4. Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................................... 42

3.5. Angket atau Kuisioner ........................................................................ 42

3.5.1. Kuesioner Terbuka (angket tidak berstruktur) ....................... 43

3.5.2. Kuesioner Tertutup (angket berstruktur) ................................ 43

3.6. Kisi- Kisi Angket ............................................................................... 43

3.7. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 44

3.8. Uji Coba Angket................................................................................. 46

3.8.1. Uji Validitas Instrument ......................................................... 47

3.8.2. Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ...................................................... 51

3.9. Program Latihan ................................................................................. 52

3.10. Analisis Data ...................................................................................... 78

3.10.1. Deskriptif Data ....................................................................... 78

3.10.2. Uji Normalitas ........................................................................ 79

3.10.3. Uji Homogenitas ..................................................................... 80

3.10.4. Uji Hipotesis. .......................................................................... 81

BAB IV PENGOLAHAN DAN ANALISIS DATA ..........................................84

4.1. Pengolahan Data ................................................................................... 84

4.1.1.Uji Normalitas ........................................................................... 85

4.1.2. Uji Homogenitas ..................................................................... 87

4.1.3. Uji Hipotesis ........................................................................... 87

4.2. Diskusi Penemuan .............................................................................. 89

BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN .....................................................................92

5.1. Simpulan ............................................................................................... 92

5.2. Saran ................................................................................................... 92

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................94

LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................................................98

RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................117

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Karate Asian Games Nomor Kumite Sedang Melakukan Gerakan

Bantingan Dalam Pertandingan Kumite ........................................... 22

Gambar 2.2 Karate Indonesia Nomor Kumite Sedang Melakukan Gerakan

Tendangan Dalam Pertandingan Kumite .......................................... 22

Gambar 2.3 Karate Asia Nomor Kumite Sedang Melakukan Gerakan Pukulan

Kisame Dalam Pertandingan Kumite ................................................ 23

Gambar 2.4 Karateka Indonesia Nomor Kata Individu ......................................... 33

Gambar 2.5 Karateka Indonesia Nomor Kata Beregu Mendemonstrasikan

Bunkai ............................................................................................... 34

Gambar 2.6 Karate Indonesia Nomor Kumite Sedang Melakukan Gerakan

Mawashi geri .................................................................................... 35

Gambar 3.1 Desain Penelitian Eksperimen ............................................................ 39

Gambar 3.2 Langkah-Langkah Pengambilan dan Pengolahan Data

Penelitian................................................................................... ....... 39

Grafik 4.0.1 hasil pre test dan post test .................................................................. 85

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Kelompok otot, instruksi, dan lokasi otot yang dilatih dalam

latihan relaksasi otot secara progresif .......................................... 9

Tabel 3.1 Kisi-kisi Angket Agresivitas….................................................... 44

Tabel 3.2 Tabel Skor Tiap Soal dari Angket Skala Likert........................... 46

Tabel 3.3 Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen Agresivitas…................................ 48

Tabel 3.4 Kriteria Reliabilitas Instrumen…................................................. 51

Tabel 3.5 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instumen Agresivitas…............................. 52

Tabel 3.6 Program latihan Relaksasi PMR…............................................... 52

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Penghirungan Rata-rata dan Simpangan Baku Angket

Penurunan agresivitas Pada Atlet Beladiri Karate UPI…............ 84

Tabel 4.2 Uji Normalitas One Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test…......... 86

Tabel 4.3 Uji Homogenitas Hasil Pre test dan Hasil Post test Angket

Penurunan Agresivitas….............................................................. 87

Tabel 4.4 Hasil Uji Paired Sampel T-Test Data Hasil Pre test Dan Data

Hasil Post test…........................................................................... 88

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Uji Coba Angket Agresivitas ............................................................ 99

Lampiran 2. Angket Agresifitas .......................................................................... 102

Lampiran 3. Data Penelitian ................................................................................ 105

Lampiran 4. SK Skripsi ....................................................................................... 106

Lampiran 5. Surat Penelitian ............................................................................... 111

Lampiran 6. Dokumentasi ................................................................................... 112

Lampiran 7. Populasi Dan Sampel ...................................................................... 116

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Arikunto, S . (2002). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Edisi

Revisi. Jakarta. PT. Rineka Cipta

Balai Pustaka. 1995. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Edisi Kedua. Jakarta:

Depdikbud.

Baron, Robert & Byrne, Donn. (2005). Social Psycology Part 2. Jakarta

Baron, Robert & Richardson, Deborah. (2004). Human Aggression. Jakarta

BECK, A. T. Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New

York: Hoeber, 1967.

Berkowitz, L., & Green, R. G.(1967) Stimulus Qualities Of The Target Of

Aggression: A Futher Study. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology.

5, 364-368.

Burton. Rw (2005). Clin Sports Med.

Cox, Richard H. (1985). Sport Psychology, Concept and Applications. Dubuque

Iowa: Kansas State Of California. Prentice Hall. Inc.

Danardono. Sejarah, Etika dan Filosofi Seni Beladiri Karate. [Online]

http://staffnew.uny.ac.id/upload/132300166/pendidikan/Sejarah,+Etika+da

n+Filosofi+Karate.pdf. Diakses pada tanggal 12 Maret 2019.

Denson, Tf,Pedersen,WC, & Miller, N. (2006). kuesioner Agresi pengungsi. Di

unduh dari: https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate

Dwi heppy Rochmawati. (2014). Teknik_progresif.pdf-Adobe Reader. Diaskes

tanggal 9 Oktober 2019

Ebta Setiawan. (2012-2019).Kamus besar bahasa Indonesia. Diunduh dari:

https://kbbi.web.id/agresif

Freankel, Wallen and Hyun Helen. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate research

in Education. New York: Mc Graw Hill

Hadari Nawawi, 1998. Metode Penelitian Bidang Sosial. Yogyakarta:Gadjah

Mada University Press.

Harsono. (2017). Periodisasi Program Pelatihan. Bandung :PT Remaja

Rosdakarya Offset.

Hawari, Dadang., 1999. Al-Qur’an Ilmu kedokteran jiwa dan kesehatan Jiwa.

Yogyakarta: PT Dana bhakti prima yasa pp 199-214

Hawari, Dadang., 2008. Manajemen Stres, Cemas, dan Depresi. Jakarta: Balai

Penerbit FKUI pp 85-92

Hosman, R.J.A.W. and J.C. van der Vaart (1984). Accuracy of system step

response roll magnitude est imat ion from central and peripheral displays

and simulator cockpit motion. 20th Annual Conference on Manual Control,

NASA ConL Publ. 2341, Ames Research Cent er, Moffet Field, CA.

http://repository.ekuitas.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/85/BAB%202.pdf?seq

uence=7&isAllowed=y

http://repository.upi.edu/18315/4/.S.PGSD_1102403_chapter3.pdf

http://www.kheljournal.com/archives/?year=2014&vol=1&issue=2&part=A&Art

icled=20

http://www.unibuc.ro/studies/Doctorate2010Martie/Stemate

Husdarta. (2014). Psikologi Olahraga. Bandung Alfabeta.

Ibrahim, R. (2015) Psikologi Kepelatihan Bandung: CV. Nurani

Joko, widiyanto. (2010). SPSS For Windows Untuk Analisis Data Statistika Dan

Penelitian. Surakarta: BP-FKIP UMS

Koesworo E. 1988. Agresi Manusia. Bandung: PT. Eresco.

Komarudin & Yusup. (2017). Psikologi Olahraga. Bandung :PT Remaja

Rosdakarya.

Krishnaveni, K & Shahin, Ahmed. (2014). Aggression and its Influence on Sport

Performance. International Journal of Physical Education, Sport and Health

1(2) : 29-32

Maccoby, E.E and Jacklin, C. N, 1974. The Psychology of Sex Defferences.

Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press

Mu’arifah, Alfin . (2005). 24622-ID-hubungan-kecemasan-dan-agresivitas.pdf-

Adobe Reader. Diaskes tanggal 9 Oktober 2019

Muchamad Ishak (2015). Organisasi dan Sistem Pertandingan. PT REFIKA

ADITAMA

Muri Yusuf . (2016). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif & penelitian

gabungan. Diaskes 15 september

Nagamine Shoshin. (1976). The Essence of Okinawan Karate, (edisi

keenambelas). Tokyo: The Charlie E. Tuttlt Company, Inc.

Nakayama Masatoshi. (1978). Best Karate kumite Vol.1. Tokyo: Kodansha

International Ltd.

Nazir, M. (2005). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Gahalia

Nurhasan, H. Cholil, D.Hasanudin dan Hidayah, Nidaul. Modul Mata Kuliah

Statistika. (2008). Bandung: FPOK UPI Bandung.

Nursaid, Rifqi M. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Relaksasi Prgresif Terhadap

Pengendalian Emosional Pada Atlet Sepak Bola. Skripsi S1 pada FPOK

UPI Bandung

Permana, Cecep R. (2019). Kontribusi Tingkat Agresivitas Terhadap Performa

Atlet Hoki Indoor. Skripsi S1 pada FPOK UPI Bandung

Poerwadarminta, W.J.S. 1993. Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta : Balai

Pradana, Agung P. (2016). Agresifitas siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler

olahraga beladiri gulat. (Skripsi) . Bandung (ID) : Universitas Pendidikan

Indonesia.

Pustaka.

Sagitarius. (2010). Hubungan Kondisi Fisik, Agresivitas dan Kemampuan Teknik

Dengan Penampilan Atlet Dalam Pertandingan Karate Nomor Kumite.

Bandung: UPI

Sekran, Uma. (2014). Metodologi Penelitian Untuk Bisnis (Research Methods For

Business). Buku 1 Edisi 4. Jakarta: Salemba Empat

Siddiqah,Laela (2010).Pencegahan Dan Penanganan Perilaku Agresif Remaja

Melalui Pengelolaan Amarah (Anger Management).

Silva, J.M. (1980). Understanding Aggressive Behavior And Its Effect Upon

Athelic Performance. In W. F. Straub (Ed.), Sport Psychology: An analysis

of athlete behavior

Silva, J.M. (1980). Understanding Aggressive Behavior And Its Effect Upon

Athelic Performance. In W. F. Straub (Ed.), Sport Psychology: An analysis

of athlete behavior

Singgih, Santoso. (2014). Statistik Multivarat. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: PT Elex

Media Komputindo

Solso, R. L Maclin, M. K, O. H (2005). Cognitive Psychology New York. Learson

Stemate, R. (2009). Agresivitatea în adolescenţă – implicaţii si intervenţie

terapeutică. [Aggression in adolescence – implications and therapeutic

intervention] (Doctoraldissertation abstract). [Online] Tersedia di:

Suci Fitria Handayani,(2015). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe

Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis.diunduh dari:

Sudjana. (1989). Metode Statistika. Bandung:Tarsito.

Sugiyono (2014) : Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung :

Alfabeta

Sugiyono.(2001). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitati dan

R&D. Bandung. Alfab eta

Sugiyono.(2017). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Pendekatan Kuantitatif,

Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sujuto, M. (2005). Peningkatan Dan Pembinaan Kekuatan Kondidi Fisik Dalam

Olahraga. Semarang: Dahara Prize

Sukadiyanto. (2005). Olahraga Majalah Ilmiah. Yogyakarta: FIK UNY.

Sunaryadi Dkk (2009). Analisis Perilaku Kekerasan Penonton Sepakbola (Studi

Kasus Pada Penonton Sepakbola Di Bandung). FPOK. Universitas

Pendidikan Indonesia: Bandung.

Susanti, Putri D. (2018). Perbandingan tingkat agresivitas atlet karate pada

nomor kata dan kumite. (Skripsi) . Bandung (ID) : Universitas pendidikan

Indonesia.

TENENBAUM, G., SACKS, D. N., MILLER, J. W., GOLDEN, A. S., &

DOOLIN, N. (2000). Aggression and violence in sport: A reply to Kerr’s

rejoinder. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 315-326.

TENENBAUM, G., STEWART, E., SINGER, R. N., & DUDA, J. (1997).

Aggression and violence in sport: An ISSP position stand. The Sport

Psychologist, 11, 1-7.

World Karate Federation. (2019). Karate Competition Rules Contents. Wkf Rules

2019, 1.1.2019, 90. Retrieved from https://www.wkf.net/pdf/rules/wkf-

competition-rules-2019_en-pdf-en-764.pdf