pendekatan tektonik indonesia geologi pngea upn
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Lebih dekat mempelajari Tektonik IndonesiaTRANSCRIPT
PENDEKATAN TEKTONIK INDONESIA
1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG
2. Litologi Basement: Komposisi & Konfigurasi
3. Tektonostratigrafi4. Polyhistory
PENDEKATAN TEKTONIK INDONESIA
PLATE TECTONIC & SEDIMENTARY BASIN FORMATION
CONTINENTAL CRUST
TRANSITIONALCRUST
OCEANIC CRUST
SUTURE
CONTINENTAL CRUST
CONTINENTAL CRUST
TRANSITIONALCRUST
OCEANIC CRUST
SUTURE
CONTINENTAL CRUST
TYPES OF CRUST – INDONESIA REGION
BASEMENT COMPOSITIONBASEMENT COMPOSITION
Indonesia Position Global Plate-Tectonics
• The pacific oceanic plate in the E & NE
• The Australian continental plate in the SE
• The Indian oceanic plate in the W&SW
• The Asian continental plate in the NW
• Continental landmass: continental islands and sea shelf: < 200 m
• Oceanic Islands and Oceanic Deeps :>200 m
INDONESIA: BATHYMETRY
INDONESIA: Continental Landmass
• SUNDA SHELF with:• Sumatra, • Java and • Kalimantan
• ARAFURA CONTINENTAL SHELF :• Australian
continent• Irian Jaya New
Guinea
TECTONIC PLATES & CRUSTS IN INDONESIA
• WESTERN INDONESIA: STABLE SUNDA CONTINENT
• CENTRAL INDONESIA: MICRO-CONTINENTS AND OCEANIC BASINS
• EAST INDONESIA: STABLE SAHUL/AUSTRALIAN CONTINENT
• Convergence, (collisions, subduction and obduction).
• Divergence (rifting, break-up and subsequent seafloor spreading).
• Transvergence (wrench faulting); involving translatation and rotation.
PLATE TECTONICS MOVEMENT IN INDONESIA involves:
PLATE BOUNDARIES
• ACTIVE MARGINS– SUBDUCTION
ZONES– OBDUCTION
ZONES– TRANSDUCTION
ZONES (Sorong Fault zone)
• PASSIVE MARGINS (Eastern Kalimantan)
–Delta Basin–Carbonate
Platform• COLLISION
ZONES & OROGENIC BELTS (Papua & Sulawesi)
ACTIVE MARGINS
• SUBDUCTION ZONES: – CONTINENTAL ISLAND ARC:
Western Sumatra Sunda Arc, Southern Java Sunda Arc
– OCEANIC ISLAND ARC: Nusatenggara Sunda Arc
• OBDUCTION/COLLISION ZONES: Banda Arc-Australian continent being subducted under Banda Sea oceanic crust; Banggai-Sula colliding Eastern Sulawesi
• TRANSDUCTION ZONES: Sorong Faultzone
• Zona subduksi: • CONTINENTAL ISLAND ARC: Barat
Sumatra Sunda Arc, Jawa Southern Arc Sunda
• OCEANIC ISLAND ARC: Nusatenggara Sunda Arc
• OBDUCTION / TUBRUKAN ZONA: benua Banda Arc-Australia sedang subduksi di bawah Laut Banda kerak samudera; Banggai-Sula bertabrakan Sulawesi Timur
• ZONA TRANSDUKSI: Sorong Faultzone
PASSIVE MARGINS
NW BORNEO PASSIVE MARGIN
• East Natuna basinal area, Baram Delta
• EASTERN KALIMANTAN PASSIVE MARGINS
• MICROCONTINENT PASSIVE MARGINS
• Southwest Sulawesi Basinal area
COLLISION ZONES & OROGENIC BELTS
• Kuching Zone
• Meratus Mts Belt
• Central Sulawesi Collision Belt
• Central Irian Jaya Mt Range
Tectonic Framework of Indonesia
• West Indonesia with Sunda Platform acting as a continental core• Central Indonesia consising of fragmented microcontinents represented
by Sulawesi and the Banda Arc• East Indonesia with the Arafura Platfrom acting as continental core• Barat Indonesia dengan Sunda Landasan bertindak sebagai inti benua • Indonesia consising pusat microcontinents terfragmentasi diwakili oleh
Sulawesi dan Banda Arc • Indonesia Timur dengan Arafura platfrom bertindak sebagai inti benua
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
West Indonesia: ACTIVE MARGINS
• To the W and S the Sundaland is bordered by an active margin; consisting of an island arc system with fore arc, interarc and back-arc basins, as the result of a convergence with the Indo-Australia oceanic plate in which the oceanic plate is subducted under the continental plate.
• Untuk W dan S Sundaland berbatasan dengan margin aktif; terdiri dari sistem busur kepulauan dengan busur muka, interarc dan back-arc basins, sebagai hasil dari konvergensi dengan lempeng samudera Indo-Australia di mana lempeng samudera yang menunjam di bawah lempeng benua.
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
West Indonesia: PASSIVE MARGINS
• The E Sundaland margin, rifting, break-up and sea-floor spreading of the Makassar Strait, and the formation of : Aulocogene basins followed by deltaic deposition of the Mahakan Delta and
Tarakan Delta. Paternoster Carbonate Platform.
• The NW Sundaland margin; resulted from rifting and opening of the S China Sea and associated rifting in the Gulf of Thailand and W Natuna basin. Rifting of the S China sea results in a collision in NW Borneo.
CENTRAL INDONESIA: Fragmented microcontinents between Oceanic basins
Consisting of assorted microcontinents, mainly broken off from the Australian Continent, but some belong to the Asian Continent : SW Sulawesi
Sulawesi Island Banggai-Sula Islands West Nusa Tenggara Island Arc
Central Indonesia: an assortment or conglomeration of contental fragments oceanic basins
and oceanic troughs
• Sulawesi Island: an conglomeration of Australian and Asian continental fragments and island arc
• Sula-Banggai Island• Halmahera Island-arc• Lesser Sunda Islands, and island-arc as the eastern continuation of the
Sunda island arc• Oceanic Basins of Flores sea, Banda sea and Celebes seaPulau Sulawesi: sebuah konglomerasi fragmen benua Australia dan Asia dan
busur kepulauan Pulau Sula-Banggai Pulau Halmahera-arc Kepulauan Sunda Kecil, dan pulau-arc sebagai kelanjutan timur Sunda busur
kepulauan Cekungan samudera Flores laut, Laut Banda dan Sulawesi laut
Eastern Indonesia: Major Tectonic Elements
• Arafura Shelf: Stable Shelf• Banda Island Arc: Passive to Active Margin
(Subduction/Obduction)• Jaya Wijaya Central Range: Orogenic Mountain
Range• Sorong Fault Zone: Active wrench fault
(transduction)
POLYHISTORY
BASIN EVOLUTION
• Sedimentary basins evolved from one to another type• Superimposition of various type of basin on top of the
other occurs• Sedimentary sequences of various types of basin can be
analysed in tectono-stratigraphical sequences:Cekungan sedimen berevolusi dari satu ke jenis lainSuperimposisi berbagai jenis cekungan di atas yang lain
terjadiUrutan sedimen dari berbagai jenis cekungan dapat
dianalisis dalam urutan tektono - stratigrafi
EXTENSIONAL BASIN DEVELOPMENT
• Rifting ----> grabens, half graben basins ---->synrift sedimentation
• Break-up -----> aulacogene basins -------> deltaic sedimentation
• Drifting -----> passive margin basins ------> passive margin sedimentation
• Spreading (oceanic) -----> oceanic basins ----> deep marine sedimentation
EVOLUTION OF RIFT – TO –PASSIVE MARGIN BASINRIFT-DRIFT
PASSIVE MARGIN BASINdeveloping into a
CARBONATE PLATFORM
Contoh: Indonesia Timur –Australian continental margin
EXTENSIONAL TO COMPRESSIONAL REGIME
• Drifting -------> passive margin basin sedimentation• Subduction -----> back-arc, inter-arc and fore-arc basins• Obduction --------->foreland basins & fore deeps• Continent to continent collision------> Suture related foreland
and fore deep basinsMelayang ------- > passive margin cekungan sedimentasiSubduksi ----- > back- arc , antar - busur dan kedepan - busur
cekungan Obduction --------- > tanjung cekungan & Deeps kedepanBenua ke benua tabrakan ------ > Jahitan terkait tanjung dan
cekungan kedepan dalam
EVOLUTION OF A PASSIVE MARGIN BASIN
TECTONIC INVERSION.• During the transition from extensional to compressional tectonic regime
a tectonic inversion, often takes place • Faults are reactivated with inversion of direction of movement• Lower parts of the basin e.g. ‘graben’ are inverted into highs within the
sedimentary basin• Inversion is a common feature in Tertiary sedimentary basin on the
Sunda Shelf Selama transisi dari rezim tektonik ekstensional ke compressional inversi
tektonik , sering terjadiKesalahan yang diaktifkan dengan inversi arah gerakanBagian bawah cekungan misalnya ' graben ' terbalik ke tertinggi dalam
cekungan sedimenInversi adalah fitur umum di Tersier sedimen basin di Paparan Sunda
TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHY:
• To arrange sedimentary strata in its tectonic environment• Tectono-stratigraphic sequences are separated by unconformities
which reflects a tectonic event• The tectonics event caused a change in the tectonic environment are
e.g. rifting, sagging, collision, uplift, dsb.• Each tectonic environment is characterized by a certain facies
associationUntuk mengatur sedimen strata dalam lingkungan tektonik yangUrutan tektono - stratigrafi yang dipisahkan oleh bidang ketidakselarasan
yang mencerminkan peristiwa tektonikAcara tektonik menyebabkan perubahan dalam lingkungan tektonik
adalah misalnya rifting , kendur , tabrakan , mengangkat, dsb .Setiap lingkungan tektonik ditandai oleh asosiasi fasies tertentu
TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHIC TERMS
• Pre-Rift• Syn-Rift• Post-Rift, Sag• Passive Margin Deposition (Syn-drift?)• Pre-Orogenic (Pre-Collision)• Syn-Orogenic (Syn-Collision)• Post Orogenic (Post Collision)
EXTENSIONAL TO COMPRESSIONAL REGIME
• Drifting -------> passive margin basin sedimentation
• Subduction -----> back-arc, inter-arc and fore-arc basins
• Obduction --------->foreland basins & fore deeps
• Continent to continent collision------> Suture related foreland and fore deep basins
EVOLUTION OF A PASSIVE MARGIN BASIN
PASSIVE MARGIN BASINdeveloping into a
CARBONATE PLATFORM
Contoh: Indonesia Timur –Australian continental margin
EVOLUTION OF BASINS RIFT –
TO- BACK-ARC BASIN
??
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Evolution of a Back-arc Basin Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
PRE-RIFT
Evolution of a Back-arc Basin
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
SYN-RIFT
Evolution of a Back-arc Basin Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
POST-RIFT
Evolution of a Back-arc Basin Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
INVERSION: Syn & Post orogenic deposition
EVOLUTION OF BASINS:
FROM RIFT – TO –
FORELAND BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Evolution of the Rift-Drift-Collision Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
SYN-RIFT
Evolution of the Rift-Drift-Collision Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
POST-RIFT
Evolution of the Rift-Drift-Collision Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Evolution of the Rift-Drift-Collision Model
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Evolution of the Rift-Drift-Collision Model
INVERSION: Syn & Post orogenic deposition
EVOLUTION OF BASINS:
FROM RIFT – TO –
FORELAND BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE
(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Western Indonesia Paleogene Rift-Basins
Western Indonesia Neogene Sedimentary Basins
Western Indonesia Tertiary Stratigraphy