peace corps in the classroom: empowering girls | idea book | m0083_empoweringgirls.pdf

7/27/2019 Peace Corps In The Classroom: Empowering Girls | Idea Book | M0083_empoweringgirls.pdf

1/86

\hfoh Ojrps

N` tmh Oefssrjji2Hipjwhrn`k Knres

Nchf AjjgI


2/86

N`djriftnj` Ojeehotnj`f`c Hxomf`kh

Smns puaenoftnj wfs prjcuohc ay tmh \hfoh Ojrps Oh thr djr Dnhec

Fssnstf oh f c Fppenhc Qhshfrom. Nt ns cnstrnauthc tmrjukm tmh

N djriftnj Ojeehotnj f c Hxomf kh (NOH). Djr durtmhr n djriftnj

jr fccntnj fe ojpnhs, pehfsh oj tfot NOH f c rhdhr tj tmh NOH Oftfejk

uiahr tmft fpphfrs j tmh puaenoftnj .

\hfoh Ojrps

Oh thr djr Dnhec Fssnstf oh f c Fppenhc Qhshfrom

N djriftnj Ojeehotnj f c Hxomf kh

6666 1


3/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

n

N@ SMH OEF__QJJI2

HI\J[HQN@K

KNQE_

\hfoh Ojrps

@jvhiahr 1


4/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

nn \hfoh Ojrps

Smh Nchf Ajjg _hrnhs

Smns Nchf Ajjg ns j`h jd f shrnhs jd ajjgehts prjcuohc tj smfrh sphondno

fotnvntnhs yju ify ah n`thrhsthc n` rhpenoftn`k. Jtmhr tntehs n` tmh shrnhs

frh ensthc ahejw f`c hw j`hs frh ahn`k prjcuohc oj`tnùjusey. Ijst

jd tmhsh nchfs ojih drji tmh wjrg jd Tjeu`thhrs. Ijst jd tmhi whrh

suaintthc bust fs tmhy frh prn`thc tmhrh ns j fccntnj`fe n`djriftnj`.

Jtmhrs whrh pfrts jd efrkhr rhpjrts. [mhrh tmhrh frh fccntnj`fe rhdhrhòh

ifthrnfes djr f` nchf, `jtftnj`s thee yju mjw tj jatfn` tmhi. Smhrh ns

fesj f rhdhrhòh shotnj` ft tmh h`c jd tmh ajjgeht. \ehfsh oj`tfot tmh

fpprjprnfth phrsj`/krjup tj djeejw up j` tmh nchfs.

ju frh hòjurfkhc tj suaint yjur suoohssdue fotnvntnhs tj tmns shrnhs.

ju wnee dn`c f djri j` tmh dn`fe pfkh jd tmns ajjgeht wntm n`struotnj`s.

Sntehs n` tmh Nchf Ajjg _hrnhs2

Ahyj`c tmh Oefssrjji2 Hipjwhrn`k Knres I


5/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

nnn

Sfaeh jd Oj`th`ts

Fog`jwehckhih`ts ......................................................................... nv

N`trjcuotnj` ...................................................................................... 6

[my Djous j` Knres Hcuoftnj`: ....................................................... 1

Smn`ks tj Oj`snchr ........................................................................... ?

F Mjenstno Fpprjfom tj Knres Hcuoftnj` ......................................... ;

Orhftn`k f Knre-Drnh`cey Ehfr`n`k H`vnrjìh`t .............................. >

Oefssrjji f`c Ourrnoueui-Qhefthc Fotnvntnhs ............................... 64

Oj-Ourrnouefr Fotnvntnhs ................................................................. 11

Fwfrcs f`c Nòh`tnvhs .................................................................... ?

Orhftn`k f Knre-Drnh`ceyEhfr`n`k H`vnrjìh`t

[mhtmhr tmh fotnvntnhs tfgh pefoh ft tmh somjje, jr n` f shpfrfth rhtrhft

jr wjrgsmjp shttn`k, knres hcuoftnj` of` ah h`rnomhc ay suppjrtnvh

hddjrts jd Tjeu`thhrs. Bust feejwn`k stuch`ts tmh tnih tj cnsouss tmh

nssuhs f`c `hhcs jd wjih` n` tmhnr sjonhty of` ifgh f trhih`cjus

cnddhrhòh n` tmh hipjwhrih`t jd yju`k wjih` f`c tmh sh`sntnvnty

jd ajys tj wjih`s nssuhs. Smhsh cnsoussnj`s of` rhsuet n` pef`s djr

fccrhssn`k nssuhs j` tmh ejofe ehvhe.

Smns omfpthr dhfturhs n`djriftnj` djr thfomhrs j` hstfaensmn`k stucy

krjups, phhr tutjrn`k prjkrfis, f`c f` hxfipeh jd mjw tj ush f _ifee

\rjbhot Fssnstfòh Krf`t tj mhep knres tj stfy n` somjje.

_ifee Omf`khs n` Ahmfvnjr _nk`fe

f Ank Cnddhrhòh djr _jih Knres(Afshc j` tmh wjrg jd Tjeu`thhrs n` Aurgn`f Dfsj)

Nt ns nipjrtf`t tj fpprhonfth tmh sifee omf`khs n` knres fttntuchs

tmft neeustrfth sthps tjwfrcs nòrhfshc oj`dnchòh f`c fooji-

pensmih`t n` tmh oefssrjji f`c ahyj`c. Smns ify nòeuch f knre2

rfnsn`k mhr mf`c n` oefss.

sphfgn`k wntmjut ojvhrn`k mhr ijutm.

sphfgn k ejuc h`jukm djr hvhryj`h tj mhfr.

fssuin k tmh rhspj`snanentnhs jd f prhdhot, jr oefss ehfchr.

Hòjurfkn`k tmhsh ahmfvnjrs aunecs shed-oj`dnchòh n` knres

wntmjut jddh`cn`k tmhnr ifeh oefssifths f`c smjuec jt ah tfgh`

djr krf`thc.


16/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

6< \hfoh Ojrps

Kuncn`k Knres Smrjukm _omjje

F Tjeu`thhr rhpjrthc tmft cfney smh mfs mfc tmh jppjrtu`nty tj wftomwjih` chvhejpn`k n` tmrhh mnkm somjjes n` Ahenzh.

N shh knres trf`sdjrin`k n`tj wjih` ahdjrh iy hyhs. Fs f

oju`shejr, thfomhr, f`c en`g tj ojiiu`nty rhsjurohs, N fi

oj`tnùfeey fifzhc ft tmh omfeeh`khs tmft tmhsh stuch`ts jvhr-

ojih. Hvhry cfy tmhsh stuch`ts ijvh oejshr tj wjif`mjjc,

f`c nipjrtf`t chonsnj`s eurg frju`c hvhry ojr`hr. Knres fsgtmhishevhs2 [mft hcuoftnj`fe trfog smjuec N tfgh: _mjuec N

mfvh shx wntm iy ajydrnh`c: [mhrh wnee N kht ij`hy djr ajjgs

f`c djjc: [mft cjhs nt ihf` tj ih fs f wjif` wmh` N shh

iy dftmhr mnt iy ijtmhr: [mft of` N cj fajut iy feojmje

ush: Mjw wnee N hvhr rhfom iy kjfes: Smhsh frh jèy f dhw jd

tmh quhstnj`s rfnshc n` iy jddnoh fs yju`k wjih` shhg f`-

swhrs, kuncfòh, f`c tmh sgnees tj ifgh sju`c chonsnj`s. N`tmns cfy f`c fkh, tmhrh ns j cjuat tmhrh frh nòrhfsn`key ijrh

cnstrfotnj`s f`c strukkehs wmneh prjkrhssn`k n`tj fcuetmjjc.

[mneh oju`shen`k hhc jt ah djrife, f djrife oju`shen`k prjkrfi ns

f vfeufaeh rhsjuroh djr yjutm fs tmhy shfrom djr kuncfòh, hòjurfkh-

ih`t f`c suppjrt. N` Ahenzh, j`h mnkm somjje stfrthc f oju`shen`k prj-

krfi twj yhfrs fkj tmft mfs ahh` ushc ay if`y stuch`ts tj pfss ij-ih`ts jd cnddnouety. Oju`thrpfrts n` vfrnjus somjjes frh wjrgn`k fs

oju`shejrs f`c mfvh rhohnvhc trfn`n`k tmrjukm tmh \hfoh Ojrps f`c

jtmhr rhehvf`t trfn`n`k prjkrfis. Ft jtmhr mnkm somjjes, kuncfòh ch-

pfrtih`ts frh ourrh`tey ahn`k hstfaensmhc.

J`h Tjeu`thhr hxprhsshc mhr sh`sh jd tmh rhsuets jd tmhsh hddjrts.

N mfvh tmh prnvnehkh tj wjrg wntm stuch`ts hvhry cfy. N shh

tmh fpprhonftnj` jd if`y stuch`ts ihrhey tj mfvh sjihj`h tj

tfeg tj wmj ns j`-buckih`tfe, ofrhs, f`c ensth`s. N shh tmh bjy

fdthr f stuch`t pfsshc f mfrc stucnhc hxfi hvh` tmjukm smh


17/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

66

mfc ft ehfst twh`ty rhfsj`s

`jt tj ofrh. N fesj hxphrnhòh

tmjsh cnsfppjn`tih`ts jd tmh

omnecrh` wmj dfee n`tj tmh

orfogs, crjpjut, kht prhk-

`f`t, jr knvh up. Fs iy Ahen-

zhf` oju`thrpfrts wntmn`

hfom somjje chvhejp tmhnr

jw` somjje kuncfòh prj-

krfis, tmhy ahkn` tj mfvh f`

u`djrkhttfaeh nipfot j` tmh

stuch`ts. Smh stuch`ts wnee

`jt djrkht nt. @hntmhr wnee N.

Snps djr Shfomhrs, _tfdd f`c Fcin`nstrftjrs

j` [fys tj Hòjurfkh Knres

Hòjurfkh knres tj fssuih pjsntnj`s jd rhspj`snanenty suom fs ih`-

tjrs, phhr fcvnsjrs, prhdhots, jr stuch`t kjvhrìh`t rhprhsh`tftnvhs.

[jrg ofrhdueey wntm knres n` pjsntnj`s jd rhspj`snanenty tj fssnst

tmhi n` ahojin`k pjsntnvh rjeh ijches.

Ah surh tmft ajtm dhifeh f`c ifeh stuch`ts smfrh tmh oehf`n`k f`c

ifn`th`fòh cutnhs n` somjje f`c tmft fee bjas frh rjtfthc rhkuefrey.

Oj`snchr rhspj`snanentnhs tmft knres ify mfvh ft mjih wmh` chvns-

n`k tmh somjje somhcueh f`c tmh thri ofeh`cfr.

Ah fwfrh jd phrsj`fe prjaehis tmft yjur stuch`ts ify ah mfvn`k.

Dn`c jut wmft yju of` cj tj fssnst knres wntm tmhnr sphonfe `hhcs.

Hòjurfkh pfrtnonpftnj` n` hxtrfourrnouefr fotnvntnhs. _pjrts f`coeuas prjvnch jppjrtu`ntnhs tj aunec rheftnj`smnps f`c chvhejp shed-

hsthhi. _mjw f` hqufe chkrhh jd suppjrt tj knres ftmehtnos. (_hh

Ahyj`c tmh Oefssrjji2 Hipjwhrn`k Knres, NOH I


18/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

61 \hfoh Ojrps

Hòjurfkh tmh somjje tj ah ushc fs f rhsjuroh djr jut-jd-somjje

knres.

6) N` Ifen, f _hoj`c Omfòh _omjje ns mhec curn`k suiihr

rhohss f`c feejws knres wmj whrh mhec jut jd somjje djr j`h jr

ijrh yhfrs tj foqunrh tmh hcuoftnj`fe afogkrju`c tj rhsuih

oefsshs n` tmh `hxt somjje yhfr.

1) Kmf`fs_omjje djr Endh prjkrfi prjijths hcuoftnj` n` tmh

ejofe ef`kufkh ft `nkmt djr omnecrh` wmj wjrg j` tmhnr dfin-

enhs dfris curn`k tmh cfy.

Tnsnt dhifeh stuch`ts f`c tmhnr dfinenhs ft mjih. Sfeg tj dfinenhs

fajut tmhnr cfukmthrs pjth`tnfe f`c wfys tmft tmhy of` suppjrt

f`c hòjurfkh tmhi.

_uppjrt dhifeh thfomhrs n` ijchen`k ojiphthòh, ehfchrsmnp, rh-

sphot, f`c shed-hsthhi.

Nch`tndy frhfs wmhrh kh`chr anfs ns joourrn`k f`c n`ntnfth cnsous-

snj`s wntm stfdd ihiahrs f`c stuch`ts.

[jrg wntm tmh stfdd tj chvhejp f somjje chvhejpih`t wjrgsmjp j`

Hòjurfkn`k Hxoheehòh. _\F krf`t du`cs of` ah ushc djr tmns

wjrgsmjp.


19/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

6?

\frtnonpftjry Fpprjfomhs f`c

Fsshssih`t Qhsuet n` _uppjrt djr KnresDjeejwn`k f \hfoh Ojrps [jih` n` Chvhejpih`t Oj`dhrhòh n` Smh

Kfianf, f Tjeu`thhr f`c mhr oju`thrpfrt djriuefthc f quhstnj``fnrh

f`c cnstrnauthc nt tj dhifeh stuch`ts ft tmh bu`njr f`c sh`njr somjjes n`

tmhnr vneefkh. Smh knres whrh knvh` f` mjur tj ojipehth tmh survhy,

wmnom oj`snsthc jd fpprjxnifthey 38 quhstnj`s djoushc j` tmh omfe-

eh`khs jd knres n` somjjes, tmhnr rhspj`snanentnhs ft mjih, tmhnr dfvjrnth

oefsshs, f`c tmh ehvhe jd hcuoftnj` tmhy mjph tj fomnhvh. Smh survhy

wfs ushc tj chthrin`h tmh `hhcs f`c n`thrhsts jd dhifeh stuch`ts n`

tmh somjjes f`c ojiiu`nty. Smh knres g`hw tmft tmh survhy wjuec

rhsuet n` nch`tndyn`k wfys tj fccrhss tmhnr `hhcs f`c n`thrhsts. Smh

rhspj`shs whrh ushc tj mhep stfrt suppjrt krjups djr knres n` tmh somjjes.

Sutjrn`k Hddjrts _uoohhc [mh`_tuch`ts Mhep J`h F`jtmhr

_tucy krjups f`c phhr tutjrn`k prjkrfis mfvh ahh` vhry hddhotnvh jt

jèy n` nòrhfsn`k knres ehvhe jd fomnhvhih`t aut fesj n` prjijtn`k

shed-oj`dnchòh f`c ehfchrsmnp fanentnhs. Smh djeejwn`k rhojiih`cf-

tnj`s ojih drji tmh hxphrnhòh jd Tjeu`thhrs n` shvhrfe oju`trnhs.

Snps djr Shfomhrs j` Djrin`k

Knre-_uppjrthc _tucy Krjups

Nch`tndy f rjji wmhrh knres of` ojih fdthr somjje f`c wjrg n` f

sfdh, qunht h`vnrjìh`t.

Hstfaensm f aueehtn` ajfrc n` tmh rjji tj cnspefy frtnoehs j` tjpnos

jd n`thrhst tj tmh knres fej`k wntm sfipehs jd tmh stuch`ts wjrg.

Frrf`kh tmh chsgs tj prjvnch jppjrtu`ntnhs djr phhr n`thrfotnj`.


20/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

63 \hfoh Ojrps

Hstfaensm pfrt`hrs ahtwhh` stuch`ts jd tmh sfih oefss wmj of` fsg

hfom jtmhr quhstnj`s f`c wjrg j` fssnkìh`ts tjkhtmhr. \frt`hr

fssnkìh`ts smjuec efst djr f` hstfaensmhc phrnjc jd tnih f`c tmh`

ah omf`khc tj feejw cnddhrh`t knres tj wjrg tjkhtmhr. \fnrs of` fesj

nòeuch f` jechr stuch`t wntm f yju`khr j`h wmj `hhcs n`cnvncufe

tutjrn`k, jr tmh ojian`ftnj` jd f stuch`t wmj ns cjn`k whee n` f

pfrtnouefr frhf wntm j`h wmj ns dfeen`k ahmn`c.

\rjvnch hòjurfkhih`t f`c kuncfòh j` tmh typh jd fotnvntnhs n`

wmnom tmh stuch`ts h`kfkh.

Ifn`tfn` f` h`vnrjìh`t oj`cuonvh tj ehfr`n`k f`c phhr suppjrt.

Niprjvn`k Hcuoftnj` ay

Nòrhfsn`k Foohss f`c Vufenty

N` if`y oju`trnhs frju`c tmh wjrec, knres mjec rhspj`snanentnhs tmftof` mn`chr tmhnr fanenty tj ftth`c somjje. Smh hxohrpts ahejw neeustrfth

shvhrfe n`stfòhs wmhrh Tjeu`thhrs mfvh nch`tndnhc afrrnhrs f`c mfvh

prjvnchc rhfsj`faeh fethr`ftnvhs jr sjeutnj`s tmft nòrhfsh knres fo-

ohss tj hcuoftnj`.


21/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

68

N` Sjkj, f Tjeu`thhr f`c mhr oju`thrpfrt ushc pfrtnonpftjry fpprjfomhs

tj fccrhss tmh ejw knres somjje ftth`cfòh n` tmh ojiiu`nty. Nt wfs

chthrin`hc tmft knres cj jt ftth`c somjje ahofush wmh` tmhnr ijtmhrs

kj tj tmh dnhec, tmhy `hhc tmhnr cfukmthrs tj wftom tmh sifee omnecrh`.

Afshc j` tmns, tmh ojiiu`nty hstfaensmhc f omnecofrh oh`thr tj drhh

knres tj ftth`c somjje. J`h ojiiu`nty ihiahr wfs trfn`hc ay f Tje-

u`thhr f`c mhr oju`thrpfrt tj ru` tmh oh`thr. Fs f rhsuet, knres somjje

h`rjeeih`t n` tmh vneefkh nòrhfshc.

N` rurfe frhfs jd if`y oju`trnhs, stuch`ts fcvfòn`k drji prnifry tj

shoj`cfry somjje iust trfvhe tj rhknj`fe ofpntfes jr efrkhr tjw`s tj

ftth`c. Smns ns f orntnofe pjn`t wmhrh

dhwhr knres tmf` ajys fcvfòh. Dfi-

ney chonsnj`s iust ah ifch rhkfrc-

n`k tmh hxph`sh jd prjvncn`k mjus-

n`k f`c suphrvnsnj` nd rheftnvhs cj jt

envh hfr tmh somjje. F Tjeu`thhr f`c

Oju`thrpfrt ushc du`cs drji tmh

_ifee \rjbhot Fssnstfòh \rjkrfi

(_\F) tj fccrhss tmns nssuh f`c oj`-

trnauth tj knres hcuoftnj` tmrjukm tmh

@cwngf Knres _hoj`cfry _omjje

Cjrintjry prjbhots n` Sf`zf`nf.

[ntm ojiiu`nty oj`trnautnj`s, tmhy

suppjrthc tmh rh`jvftnj` jd hxnstn`k

cjrintjrnhs tmft whrh uùshc f`c n`

cnsrhpfnr n` @cwngf, f`c tmh pur-

omfsh jd au`g ahcs f`c ejoghrs tj

rhcuoh jvhrorjwcn`k n` tmh sn`keh

Ewf`cfn cjrintjry. Smns feejws ijrh

knres tj ftth`c somjje, rhfssurn`k pfr-

h`ts jd tmhnr sfdhty, f`c pjth`tnfeey

nòrhfsn`k fofchino phrdjrifòh fs

jvhrorjwcn`k ns henin`fthc.

NÀurgn`fDfsj

Ojiiu`nty ijanenzf-

tnj` f`c chvhejpih`t

hddjrts mfvh mhephc tj

fomnhvh f 8


22/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

64 \hfoh Ojrps

Oefssrjji f`c Ourrnoueui-Qhefthc Fotnvntnhs djr f

Knre-Drnh`cey Ehfr`n`k

H`vnrjìh`t

N` tmns omfpthr yju wnee rhfc fajut f vfrnhty jd ourrnouefr fpprjfomhs

djr h`kfkn`k knres, nòeucn`k f ehssj` pef` tmft hxpejrhs kh`chr cnddhr-

hòhs. Fs hcuoftjrs, tmhrh frh if`y wfys n` wmnom yju of` prjijth f

knre-drnh`cey ehfr`n`k h`vnrjìh`t f`c tfgh fotnj` ay prhpfrn`k ehssj`s

f`c fotnvntnhs tmft hòjurfkh knres. Fs wfs cj`h n` Gh`yf, yju of`

hvfeufth tmh ourrnoueui wntm f` hyh tj kh`chr sphondno sthrhjtypn`k,

chvhejp ehssj` pef`s wntm dhifeh hcuoftnj` tmhihs, jrkf`nzh hxtrfstucy krjups djr prnifry f`c shoj`cfry knres, urkh fcin`nstrftnj`s tj

rhojk`nzh dhifeh fomnhvhih`t, f`c rhshfrom tmh rhfsj`s tmft knres ehfvh

somjje hfrey. Xetnifthey, tmh knre-drnh`cey ehfr`n`k h`vnrjìh`t tmft

yju orhfth wnee ah stuch`t-drnh`cey rhkfrcehss jd kh`chr rjehs.

Snps djr \rhpfrn`k Ehssj`s f`c Fotnvntnhstj H`kfkh Knres

_tuch`ts frh ahst h`kfkhc wmh` tmh ifthrnfe ns rhehvf`t tj tmhnr

envhs. N` chvhejpn`k ehssj`s, pef` fotnvntnhs f`c n`vhstnkftnj`s n`

oj`thxts jd rhfe n`thrhst f`c rhehvfòh tj knres f`c wjih` usn`k

cftf j` tjpnos suom fs fkrnoueturh, mhfetm, h`vnrjìh`tfe nssuhs jr

khjkrfpmy. W_hh Ojiiu`nty-Oj`th`t Afshc N`struotnj` (OOAN),NOH \uaenoftnj` @j. S


23/86


24/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

6= \hfoh Ojrps

[fys tj \rjijth f Knre-Drnh`cey

Oefssrjji H`vnrjìh`t Ah surh tj ofee j` knres ft ehfst fs jdth` fs yju ofee j` ajys. Joof-

snj`feey omhog yjurshed ay rhojrcn`k tmh uiahr jd ifeh f`c dhifeh

stuch`ts tmft yju ofee j` n` f oefss phrnjc.

\rjvnch jppjrtu`ntnhs djr knres tj prhsh`t f`c tj wjrg ft tmh aefog-

ajfrc. Djr vhry smy stuch`ts, nt ify ah mhepdue djr tmhi tj ahkn`

ay ojin`k tj tmh ajfrc f`c prhsh`tn`k fs pfrt jd f thfi.

Djsthr f oefssrjji h`vnrjìh`t tmft hòjurfkhs tfgn`k rnsgs. _h`c

f ihssfkh tmft nt ns jgfy `jt tj g`jw tmh ojrrhot f`swhr.

Ojjphrftnvh ehfr`n`k f`c krjup wjrg frh hxoheeh`t wfys tj h`-

ojurfkh knres pfrtnonpftnj` f`c ehfchrsmnp. Djri krjups tj hòjur-

fkh tmns. \rjvnch jppjrtu`ntnhs djr knres tj wjrg n` tmhnr jw` krjups,

jr tj mfvh hqufe ùiahrs jd knres f`c ajys n` tmh krjup. Ahkn`wntm smjrt thfi aunecn`k hxhronshs. Jddhr rhwfrcs f`c pjsntnvh

rhn`djrohih`t tj fog`jwehckh tmh krjups suoohss.

_jih somjjes frh hxphrnih`tn`k wntm sfih-shx oefsshs, hsphonfeey

n` iftm f`c tmh sonhòhs. F Tjeu`thhr n` Sf`zf`nf hòjurfkhc tmh

somjje cnrhotjr tj try tmns fpprjfom wntm Krfch > stuch`ts f`c n`n-

tnfe jashrvftnj`s n`cnofth suoohss n` ajtm knres f`c ajys ehvhes jd

fomnhvhih`t.

Oj`snchr jddhrn`k hxtrf tutjrn`k shssnj`s bust djr knres. \rjvnch

jppjrtu`ntnhs n` tmhsh shssnj`s djr cnsoussnj`s f`c quhstnj` f`c

f`swhr n`thromf`kh.

Xsh f vfrnhty jd fsshssih`t tjjes, suom fs jrfe quhstnj`s, wrntth`

thsts, f`c krjup prjbhots. Knvh fee stuch`ts (hsphonfeey knres) f`

jppjrtu`nty tj smfrh wmft tmhy g`jw, `jt wmft tmhy cj`t g`jw.


25/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

6>

Ourrnoueui Chsnk`hc tj H`kfkh Knres

Smns shotnj` prjvnchs f` hxfipeh jd wfys n` wmnom Tjeu`thhrs mfvhfpprjfomhc ourrnouefr nssuhs n` jrchr tj h`kfkh knres. N` fccntnj`, tmhrh

ns f` hxoheeh`t hxfipeh jd f iftmhiftnos oefss tmft hxpejrhs kh`chr

cnddhrhòhs wmneh rhn`djron`k nipjrtf`t iftm sgnees, Ijche Ehssj`2

Iftm Kh`chr Cnddhrhòhs n` Cfney Endh. Smns of` ah dju`c n`

Fpph`cnx j`h, j` pfkh 88.

Xsn`k \jentnofe _onhòh f`c[jih`s _tucnhs tj Shfom H`kensm

Smh ahst wfy tj thfom f ef`kufkh ns tj dn`c f omfeeh`kn`k tjpno f`c

cnsouss nt usn`k tmh tfrkht ef`kufkh. Mfvn`k chkrhhs n` pjentnofe son-

hòh f`c wjih`s stucnhs, j`h Tjeu`thhr wfs hsphonfeey n`thrhsthc n`

tmh nssuhs dfon`k wjih` n` Xzahgnstf`, aut mfc jt dju`c f djrui djr

drf`g cnsoussnj`. Smh Tjeu`thhr mjphc tj prjvnch f spfoh djr tmhshtfegs ft tmh Finr Shiur H`kensm _uiihr Ofip, wmhrh ?


26/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

1< \hfoh Ojrps

Smh oefss ahkf` wntm f cnsoussnj` jd wjrg, ajtm n`snch f`c jutsnch tmh

mjih. Smh stuch`ts qunogey rhfenzhc tmh cnddhrhòhs n` tmh rhspj`sn-

anentnhs jd tmhnr ijtmhrs f`c dftmhrs, f`c whrh fsghc tj knvh rhfsj`s

wmy tmhsh cnddhrhòhs hxnst. @hxt, tmhy tfeghc fajut tmh sjonhtfe omf`khs

wnt`hsshc ay tmh stuch`ts snòh n`chph`chòh. Drji tmns kh`hrfe cns-

oussnj`, tmhy ijvhc tj tmh ijrh sphondno omf`khs n` wjih`s envhs.

_uashquh`tey, tmhy rhfc f` frtnoeh drji tmh Bu`h ?, 6>>8,Ejs F`khehs

Snihsh`tntehc Sfgn`k f` Hfkhr _thp Afog tj Nsefi. Smh frtnoeh fr-

kuhs tmft Xzahgnstf`s hw Nsefino trfcntnj`fensi ify mfvh hkftnvh

hddhots djr wjih`s n`chph`chòh f`c shed-chthrin`ftnj`. Smh stu-

ch`ts ojipfrhc tmh bjur`fensts jashrvftnj`s tj tmhnr jw`. Dn`feey, stu-

ch`ts whrh fsghc mjw tmh oj`vhrsftnj` inkmt n`deuhòh tmhnr duturhs

fs wjih` f`c ih`.

[mneh ehfr`n`k `hw vjofauefry, tmh stuch`ts strukkehc tj tmn`g orntn-

ofeey fajut tmh duturh jd tmh oju`try tmhy wnee n`mhrnt. Bfismhc suk-

khsthc tmft wjih` smjuec sphfg jphèy tjkhtmhr fajut tmhnr prjaehis

f`c cnddnouetnhs. Fensmhr sfnc mh wjuec tfeg wntm mns duturh wndh f`c

smfrh tmh wjrg jd tmh mjush. Xihcf choefrhc smh wjuec kj mjih f`c

tfeg wntm mhr dftmhr fajut tmh oefss tj h`surh tmft smh wjuec `jt ah

djrohc tj ifrry f if` smh cnc `jt ejvh.

Smh stuch`ts frh tmh hxphrts j` tmhnr envhs f`c tmhnr oju`try. Smh Tje-

u`thhr wfs jdth` surprnshc ay tmhnr rhvheftnj`s, n`snkmtdue ojiih`ts,

mjphs, f`c dhfrs. Nt wfs tmh Tjeu`thhrs mjph tmft tmh cnsoussnj`s whrh

jèy tmh ahkn``n`k jd tmh stuch`ts tmn`gn`k fajut tmh duturh jd wjih`

n` Xzahgnstf`.


27/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

16

Sjurn`k Iftm Ofip n` Kun`hf

N` Kun`hf f Iftm Tjeu`thhr ahofih fwfrh tmft if`y omnecrh` n` mnsvneefkh, pfrtnouefrey knres, whrh u`faeh tj sftnsdy tmh prhrhqunsnths jd

tmh ftnj`fe iftm ourrnoueui, jdth` dfnen`k tmns suabhot f`c suashquh`tey

crjppn`k jut jd somjje. Mh `jthc tmft if`y stuch`ts mfc chvhejphc f

ehfr`n`k aejog jr dhfr jd iftm fs nts prhsh`tftnj` wfs afshc efrkhey j`

fastrfot tmhjry. Sj fccrhss tmns sntuftnj` f`c tj kfr`hr h`tmusnfsi djr

tmh suabhot jd iftm, mh hstfaensmhc f Sjurn`k Iftm Ofip. Smh Tje-

u`thhr f`c mns stuch`ts wjuec tfgh trnps n` mns rhknj` ojipehth wntmcfney iftm kfihs, rhfe wjrec fppenoftnj`s jd iftm oj`ohpts, f`c oji-

phtntnj`s rhsuetn`k n` prnzhs djr fee pfrtnonpf`ts. Mh n`oeuchc jtmhr iftm

thfomhrs drji tmh rhknj` tj hxpjsh tmhi tj `hw fpprjfomhs tj iftm

n`struotnj` f`c tj u`chrsojrh tmh dfot tmft knres frh fs ofpfaeh n` iftm

sgnees fs ajys.


28/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

11 \hfoh Ojrps

Oj-Ourrnouefr Fotnvntnhstmft H`kfkh Knres

Nt of` ah omfeeh`kn`k djr stuch`ts tj prfotnoh jut n` tmh rhfe wjrec

ehssj`s tmhy mfvh ehfr`hc n` tmh oefssrjji. Smhrh frh fesj frhfs jd

phrsj`fe chvhejpih`t engh ehfchrsmnp f`c oj`dnchòh tmft frh cnddnouet

tj fccrhss n` somjje wmh` sphondno fofchino suabhots frh fesj ahn`k

ehfr`hc. Oj-ourrnouefr fotnvntnhs h`faeh knres f`c ajys tj tfgh oefss-

rjji g`jwehckh n`tj tmhnr ojiiu`nty tj hxphrnhòh f ojòhpt dnrst-

mf`c, engh djrin`k f ijche ausn`hss jr wrntn`k f `hwsehtthr7 jr tmhy

ify ah ojipehih`tfry fotnvntnhs engh endh sgnees wjrgsmjps tmft h`-

ojurfkh ijrh n`thrfotnj` f`c chvhejpih`t jd mhfetmy endhstyehs. Smhy

ify ah oeuas n` iftm, sonhòh jr jtmhr fofchino suabhots tmft ifgh

ehfr`n`k du`, n`djrife f`c ijrh shed-cnrhothc. Afsnofeey, tmh pjssnanen-

tnhs frh jèy eninthc ay tmh sojph jd yjur nifkn`ftnj` fs f thfomhr f`c

Tjeu`thhr. N` tmns omfpthr, yju wnee dn`c f ùiahr jd wfys Tjeu`thhrs

mfvh hòjurfkhc rhfe wjrec prfotnoh.

Ijecjvf` Knres Fomnhvh fs H`trhprh`hurs

Hnkmthh` yju`k wjih` stfrthc f`c jphrfthc tmhnr jw` suoohssdue oji-

pf`y fs pfrt jd tmhnr hoj`jinos oefss n` f shoj`cfry somjje n` Omnsn`fu,

Qhpuaeno jd Ijecjvf. Smh knres chsnk`hc f`c sjec oejtmn`k djr thh`s,

nòjrpjrftn`k trfcntnj`fe Ijecjvf` hiarjnchry ijtnds. Smh oefss ifch

h`jukm prjdnt tj puromfsh ourtfn`s djr tmhnr somjje, f`c du`c f trnp tj

pfrtnonpfth n` tmh Hurjphf` Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t f`ùfe _tuch`t Oji-

pf`nhs Dfnr n` \jef`c. Ijrh nipjrtf`tey, tmhy ehfr`hc tmft nt ns pjssnaehdjr Ijecjvf` wjih` tj jw` f`c jphrfth tmhnr jw` ojipf`nhs. Smhnr

Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t _tuch`t Ojipf`y tjjg dnrst pefoh n` tmh Hurjphf`

ojiphtntnj`. F \hfoh Ojrps ausn`hss Tjeu`thhr shrvhc fs tmh ausn`hss

oj`suetf`t djr tmh knres oefss. F stuch`t ojipf`y drji Hstj`nf wmhrh


29/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

1?

f`jtmhr Tjeu`thhr wfs tmh ausn`hss oj`suetf`t tjjg djurtm pefoh n` tmh

ojiphtntnj`.

Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t f`c \hfoh Ojrps Tjeu`thhrs mfvh ahh` wjrgn`k

tjkhtmhr tj prhpfrh yju`k phjpeh tj pfrtnonpfth n` ifrght hoj`jinhs

n`2 F`tnkuf, Frih`nf, Ahenzh, Auekfrnf, Cjin`nof` Qhpuaeno, He _fe-

vfcjr, Hstj`nf, Kufthifef, Gh`yf, Gfzfgmstf`, Eftvnf, Entmuf`nf,

Ifohcj`nf, Ijecjvf, @nkhrnf, \f`fif, Qjif`nf, Qussnf, _ejvfgnf,

Sj`kf, Xgrfn`h, Xzahgnstf`, f`c Rniafawh.

N` 6>44 tmh \hfoh Ojrps f`c Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t N`thr`ftnj`fe h`thrhc

n`tj f Ihijrf`cui jd X`chrstf`cn`k tmft stfths, Smrjukm ojjphrf-

tnj` f`c pef``n`k, prjkrfiin`k, trfn`n`k, if`fkhih`t fssnstf`oh f`c

jtmhr frhfs, Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t N`thr`ftnj`fe f`c tmh \hfoh Ojrps

wnee wjrg tjkhtmhr tj mhep n`thrhsthc oju`trnhs tj chvhejp sustfn`faeh

hoj`jino hcuoftnj` prjkrfis.


30/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

13 \hfoh Ojrps

Bjn`t fotnvntnhs nòeuch, aut frh `jt eninthc tj2

Chvhejpn`k trfn`n`k ijcuehs djr ush ay Tjeu`thhrs tjwfrc prj-

vncn`k prfotnofe hoj`jino hcuoftnj`.

\ef``n`k f`c nipehih`tn`k trfn`n`k wjrgsmjps n` h`trhprh`hurnfe

chvhejpih`t strfthknhs n`vjevn`k Tjeu`thhrs n` n`thrhsthc oju`-

trnhs.

\rjvncn`k hcuoftnj`fe ifthrnfes tj Tjeu`thhrs n`vjevhc n` ausn-

`hss chvhejpih`t hntmhr fs f prnifry jr shoj`cfry fssnkìh`t.

Chvhejpn`k bjn`t prjkrfiin`k wmhrh Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t N`-

thr`ftnj`fe f`c \hfoh Ojrps prjbhot shotjrs smfrh iutufe jabho-

tnvhs f`c fccrhss mjst oju`try kjvhrìh`t prnjrntnhs.

\frtnonpftn`k n` suom jtmhr Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t N`thr`ftnj`fe jr

\hfoh Ojrps rhefthc fotnvntnhs fs tmh jrkf`nzftnj`s ify fkrhh

upj`.

Fccntnj`fe pjssnanentnhs djr ojjphrftnvh hddjrts ify hxnst n` tmh dje-

ejwn`k frhfs wmhrh ajtm tmh \hfoh Ojrps f`c Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t

mfvh jphrftnj`s2 Omn`f, Kmf`f, Krf`fcf, Mj`curfs, Bfifnof, Bjrcf`,

Gyrkyzstf`, @nofrfkuf, \frfkufy, \mnenppn`hs, _jutm Fdrnof, Sf`zf-

`nf, [hsthr` _fijf, Rfianf, f`c tmh oju`trnhs jd Drfòjpmj`h Fdrnof.

Tjeu`thhrs n`thrhsthc n` utnenzn`k Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t ifthrnfes ft tmhnr

snths smjuec oj`tfot2 _fi Sfyejr, Omnhd Jphrftn`k Jddnohr, sfiLbfn`te.oji

Bu`njr Fomnhvhih`t N`thr`ftnj`fe, 1;=< Bf`nthee Qjfc, Ojejrfcj

_prn`ks, OJ =-83


31/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

18

\f`fif`nf` Knres Djous j` _hed-Hsthhi

F Tjeu`thhr n` \f`fif prjvnchc f orhftnvnty f`c wrntn`k wjrgsmjpdjr yju`k knres wntm ejw shed-hsthhi. Smh knres wrjth smjrt stjrnhs f`c

pjhtry, f`c chsnk`hc frts f`c orfdts n` f oj`trjeehc krjup shttn`k tmft

hòjurfkhc shed-hxprhssnj` f`c tmh foohptfòh jd nchfs.

Swj snxthh`-yhfr-jec knres whrh fesj trfn`hc ay tmh Tjeu`thhr tj knvh

shed-hsthhi tfegs. Smh twj yju`k wjih` mfvh knvh` snx shed-hsthhi

tfegs tj vfryn`k fucnhòhs nòeucn`k f wjih`s krjup, thh`fkh ajysf`c knres, f`c hehih`tfry somjje omnecrh`.

Fomf Ifkfzn`hns \uaensmhc n` Kun`hf

\hfoh Ojrps Kun`hf puaensmhc tmh

tmnrc hcntnj` jdFomf n` Ify 6>>>.

Fomfifkfzn`h ns f` jph` djrui djr

knres tj hxprhss tmhnr nchfs f`c tj rhfc

wmft jtmhrs mfvh tj sfy fajut

wjih`s nssuhs. Kun`hf` knres wrnth

feijst fee tmh frtnoehs. Fee Tjeu`thhrs

frh strj`key hòjurfkhc tj cnstrnauth

f`c cnsouss Fomfwntm dhifeh stu-

ch`ts f`c jtmhr enthrfth wjih` n`

tmhnr tjw`s. Tjeu`thhrs frh fesj fsghc

tj hòjurfkh phjpeh tj wrnth djr tmh

ifkfzn`h. Smns prjvnchs f` jppjr-

tu`nty djr knres tj strh`ktmh` tmhnr

rhfcn`k f`c wrntn`k sgnees f`c djr

Tjeu`thhrs tj ih`tjr f`c suppjrt

tmhnr dhifeh stuch`ts.

Frtnoeh tjpnos nòeuch wjih` f`c sjonhty, knres hcuoftnj`, wjih`s

mhfetm, hfrey ifrrnfkh, thh` prhk`fòy, _SCs/FNC_ f`c Dhifeh Kh`ntfe


32/86


33/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

1;

Ifefwn Knres Qhtrhft

Swj Tjeu`thhrs n` Ifefwn jrkf`nzhc f Knres Qhtrhft djr Djri Djur(fpprjxnifthey 6


34/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

1= \hfoh Ojrps

Jcysshy jd tmh In`c

Chvhejps Orhftnvh f`c Orntnofe Smn`gn`k

Jcysshy jd tmh In`c (JI) ns f` n`thr`ftnj`fe jrkf`nzftnj`, hstfa-

ensmhc n` 6>;=, tmft prjvnchs orhftnvh prjaehi sjevn`k fotnvntnhs f`c

ojiphtntnj`s djr stuch`ts jd fee fkhs. Smrjukm tmh JI prjkrfi, stu-

ch`ts drji gn`chrkfrth` tmrjukm u`nvhrsnty n` oju`trnhs frju`c tmh

kejah, frh hòjurfkhc tj ush f`c hxhronsh tmhnr jw` ofpfontnhs djr

orhftnvnty f`c nifkn`ftnj` n` sjevn`k rhfe prjaehis. Djur Tjeu`thhrs

arjukmt tmh JI prjkrfi tj _ejvfgnf n` 6>>>.

N` Fprne f`c Ify jd 6>>>, thfis jd _ejvfg stuch`ts pfrtnonpfthc n`

JI ojiphtntnj`s n` \jef`c, Entmuf`nf, f`c hvh` n` tmh [jrec Dn`fes

ojiphtntnj` n` G`jxvneeh, Sh``hsshh. N` hfom ojiphtntnj`, _ejvfg

thfis ojiprnshc jd f afefòh jd ifeh f`c dhifeh stuch`ts, wj` fwfrcs

f`c fcvfòhc tj mnkmhr ehvhes jd ojiphtntnj`. Smhy whrh faeh tj

hxomf`kh n`djriftnj` f`c `htwjrg wntm stuch`ts drji frju`c tmhkejah.

F djeejw up vnsnt wntm tmh stuch`ts wfs ifch tj _hftteh, [fsmn`ktj`,

wmhrh tmh Tjeu`thhrs wmj jrnkn`fthc tmh prjbhot whrh faeh tj frrf`kh


35/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

1>

mjusn`k djr tmh stuch`ts wntm drnh`cs f`c fssjonfths, f`c tj sht up

ihhtn`ks djr tmhi wntm 61 ojipf`nhs. Smns wfs du`chc n` pfrt ay f

krf`t drji tmh Hurjphf` Ausn`hss Chvhejpih`t \rjkrfi, f` f`j`y-

ijus ejofe cj`jr, f`c tmrjukm fotnvh du`crfnsn`k ay Tjeu`thhrs f`c

pfrtnonpf`ts. Smhsh vnsnts oj`oh`trfthc j` oustjihr shrvnoh, cnstrnau-

tnj`, prjcuotnj` ihtmjcs, f`c djoushc rhtfnen`k, f`c prjvnchc tmh

stuch`ts wntm tmh jppjrtu`nty tj shh dnrstmf`c tmh nipehih`tftnj` jd

orhftnvh tmn`gn`k n` rhfe ausn`hss sntuftnj`s.

Fdthr sph`cn`k f snk`ndnof`t fiju`t jd tnih cnrhotn`k tmh prjkrfi n`

nts dnrst yhfr, curn`k tmh shoj`c yhfr Tjeu`thhrs, oju`thrpfrts f`c

n`thrhsthc pfrtnonpf`ts suoohhchc n` hstfaensmn`k f`c chvhejpn`k f

_ejvfg JI @KJ wntm strj`k _ejvfg ehfchrsmnp. Curn`k tmns shoj`c

yhfr, tmhy prjcuohc twj ijrh fotnvnty ajjgs, twj `hw arjomurhs, f

6


36/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

?< \hfoh Ojrps

Fwfrcs f`c Nòh`tnvhs

Fwfrc prjkrfis frh pjsntnvh wfys tj suppjrt knres fofchino phrdjr-

ifòh f`c puaenonzh tmhnr fomnhvhih`ts n` tmh ojiiu`nty. Smns sho-

tnj` juten`hs sjih prjkrfis tmft mfvh mnkmenkmthc knres fofchino

foojipensmih`ts f`c smjws wfys tj oj`tnùh tj hòjurfkh knres tj

hxohe n` somjje.

Fwfrcs djr Knres n` Aurgn`f Dfsj

F` Hcuoftnj` Tjeu`thhr n`thrvnhwhc if`y phjpeh nòeucn`k ifeh f`c

dhifeh stuch`ts, oju`thrpfrts, f`c ojiiu`nty ihiahrs fajut tmh rhe-

hvfòh jd orhftn`k f` fwfrc mj`jrn`k jutstf`cn`k dhifeh stuch`ts ft

tmh h`c jd tmh somjje yhfr. [mh` mh dnrst tfeghc fajut tmh nchf wntmthfomhrs, sjih cnc jt engh nt ft fee. Sj djsthr f omf`kh n` tmhnr fttntuch,

mh chonchc tj n`thrvnhw 18< phjpeh n` mns vneefkh. Fdthr tmh n`thrvnhws,

>< phroh`t jd tmh phjpeh fkrhhc tmft tmh ahst knre n` hfom oefss smjuec

ah h`tntehc tj f prnzh. Mh tmh` tjjg tmh dn`cn`ks afog tj tmh somjje, f`c

tmns ns mjw j`h knre drji hfom oefss rhohnvhc f prnzh djr tmh dnrst tnih.

_tuch`t jd tmh Ij`tm

F Kun`hf SHDE Tjeu`thhr hstfaensmhc f _tuch`t jd tmh Ij`tm fwfrc

n` fee jd mhr oefsshs afshc j` ftth`cfòh, pfrtnonpftnj`, f`c krfchs,

wntm hipmfsns j` tmh dnrst twj. Smh prnzhs whrh ushc H`kensm ajjgs

cj`fthc ay tmh somjje. Smns fwfrc feejwhc dhifeh stuch`ts f`c ifeh

stuch`ts tj ah rhojk`nzhc djr ahmfvnjrs suom fs fsshrtnvh`hss f`c shed-

cnsonpen`h, wmnom ify `jt fewfys ah rhdehothc n` tmhnr krfchs.


37/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

?6

Cnstrnot n` Ifen Orhfths Ohrtndnofth \rjkrfi

Ft tmh h`c jd tmh efst somjje yhfr j`h cnstrnot fwfrchc ohrtndnofths jdihrnt tj tmh knre n` hfom krfch wntm tmh mnkmhst fvhrfkh djr tmh yhfr.

Smhsh ohrtndnofths whrh orhfthc j` tmh ojiputhr jd f ejofe `j`-kjv-

hrìh`tfe jrkf`nzftnj` f`c ojpnhc (ifgn`k nt f ejw-auckht wfy tj

hipmfsnzh tmh nipjrtfòh jd hcuoftnj` f`c hòjurfkh knres tj hxohe).

Smh fwfrcn`k jd ohrtndnofths n`vjevhc tmh knres dfinenhs, wmj ghhp

suom nipjrtf`t pfphrs djr yhfrs, f`c phrmfps ify ijtnvfth tmhi tj

prfnsh tmhnr cfukmthrs f`c mhep tmhi stucy. Ojiiu`nty fssjonftnj`spfrtnonpfthc n` tmh snipeh ohrhij`y, f`c wnee oj`trnauth prnzhs tj duturh

yhfrs fwfrc prjkrfis. Tjeu`thhrs frh wjrgn`k j` hxpf`cn`k tmh

fwfrcs tj nòeuch fee knres wmj fttfn` fajvh f ohrtfn` fvhrfkh tj h`-

ojurfkh ijrh pfrtnonpftnj`. Smh oefss wntm tmh ijst wn``hrs wnee mfvh

f pfrty knvh` djr tmhi.

@JSH2Tjeu`thhrs wmj f`tnonpfth jabhotnj`s drji tmh mjst oueturh tjdfvjrn`k knres u`dfnrey, frh fcvnshc tj knvh fwfrcs tj ajtm knres f`c

ajys tj smjw tmh hqufenty jd tmhnr fomnhvhih`ts.


38/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

?1 \hfoh Ojrps

_onhòh f`c Iftm Ojiphtntnj`s

n` Smh Kfianf

Sfmnr Fmifcnyyf Iuseni _omjje f`c \fgfen`cn`k Incceh _omjje ohe-

harfthc N`thr`ftnj`fe [jif`s Cfy wntm f` fofchino ojiphtntnj`.

Smrhh knres drji hfom krfch ft somjje tjjg f wrntth` iftmhiftnos

hxfin`ftnj` f`c tmrhh knres drji hfom krfch fesj ojiphthc n` f sonhòh

ojiphtntnj`.

Smh wrntth` iftm hxfi oj`snsthc jd 1< iuetnpeh-omjnoh quhstnj`s. Smhstuch`ts n` hfom krfch ojiphthc fij`kst tmhishevhs. Smh quhstnj`s

whrh crfw` drji tjpnos tmft mfc ahh` tfukmt curn`k tmh dnrst twj thris.

Sh` quhstnj`s j` hfom thst whrh wrntth` ay tmh suabhot thfomhr ft Sfmnr

f`c th` quhstnj`s ay tmh suabhot thfomhr ft \fgfen`cn`k.

Smh sonhòh ojiphtntnj` wfs f sonhòh dfnr. Jòh fkfn`, tmh stuch`ts

jd hfom krfch ojiphthc fij`kst tmhishevhs. N` tmns ofsh, hfom knrecnc f` hxphrnih`t. Hxphrnih`ts nòeuchc2 mjw tj ifgh sjfp, mjw tj

ifgh of`cehs, prhpfrn`k senchs usn`k f inorjsojph, f`c neeustrftnj`s

jd cnddhrh`t djris jd h`hrky. Fdthr ojipehtn`k tmhnr hxphrnih`ts, tmh

knres wrjth efa rhpjrts. J` tmh cfy jd tmh sonhòh dfnr tmh knres sht up

tmhnr hxphrnih`ts f`c f`swhrhc quhstnj`s pjshc ay tmh buckhs. Smh

knres whrh ifrghc j` hddjrt, u`chrstf`cn`k, f`c tmh dn`fe rhsuet.

Smns oheharftnj` cnc jt jèy oj`snst jd fofchinos. [h fesj wf`thc tj

rhojk`nzh tmjsh knres wmj frh ftmehtnofeey nòen`hc sj tmhrh wfs fesj f

sjoohr iftom ahtwhh` tmh knres thfis drji hfom somjje.

Fdthr fee tmh rhsuets mfc ahh` tfauefthc tmhrh wfs f` fwfrcs ohrhij`y.

Smh tjp twj knres n` hfom suabhot n` hfom krfch rhohnvhc prnzhs. Fesj,

tmh ijst vfeufaeh pefyhr j` hfom sjoohr thfi rhohnvhc f prnzh.


39/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

??

Auekfrnf` Hssfy Oj`thst Arn`ks [jih`s

Nssuhs n`tj Kejafe \hrsphotnvh

F `ftnj`wnch n`ntnftnvh wfs nipehih`thc ay f krjup jd Tjeu`thhrs

rhprhsh`tn`k cnddhrh t shotjrs jd \hfoh Ojrps fotnvnty n` ojeefajrftnj`

wntm tmh Auekfrnf` Fssjonftnj` jd X`nvhrsnty [jih`, tmh Fihrnof`

X`nvhrsnty n` Auekfrnf, f`c h`cjrshc ay tmh Auekfrnf` In`nstry jd

Hcuoftnj`. Nt ns f` f`ùfe [jih`s Nssuhs Hssfy [rntn`k Oj`thst tmft

mfs jw ahh` ofrrnhc jut djr djur yhfrs. Smh oj`thst n`vjevhs stuch`ts

drji mnkm somjjes f`c u`nvhrsntnhs wmj kftmhr j` f `hkjtnfthc cfthf`c tnih tj wrnth f` hssfy fajut j`h jd shvhrfe prh-f``juòhc tjpnos.

Sjpnos mfvh nòeuchc [jih` fs Qjeh Ijches, [jih` f`c tmh Dfiney,

[jih` f`c Tnjehòh, [jih` f`c Knres n` Hcuoftnj`, [jih` f`c

\jr`jkrfpmy, [jih` f`c tmh Ihcnf, f`c [jih` f`c Chijorfoy.

Smh purpjsh jd tmh oj`thst ns tj n`spnrh yjutm tj tmn`g fajut kh`chr

rjehs n` pjst-Ojiiu`nst Auekfrnf f`c tmh `hhc djr pjsntnvh omf`khrhkfrcn`k tmh sjonfeey, hoj`jinofeey, f`c pjentnofeey vfeufaeh wjrg

phrdjrihc ay wjih` n` Auekfrnf f`c frju`c tmh wjrec. ^jutm fesj

oj`snchr tmh n`bustnohs wjih` dfoh chspnth tmh vfeufaeh oj`trnautnj`s

tmhy ifgh. _tuch`ts ahkn` tj shh tmhishevhs fs f` n`thkrfe pfrt jd f

wjrec ofush. Smh Hssfy Oj`thst mfs jph`hc tmh in`cs jd ùihrjus

yju`k wjih` n` Auekfrnf f`c omfeeh`khc tmhi tj ahojih fotnvh ontn-

zh`s. Ahofush stuch`ts rhohnvh tmh hssfy tjpnos n` fcvfòh jd tmh fotufeoj`thst, tmhy mfvh tmh jppjrtu`nty `jt jèy tj tmn`g fajut tmh tjpnos,

aut fesj tj cnsouss tmhi wntm dfiney ihiahrs, drnh`cs, thfomhrs, f`c

jtmhr ojiiu`nty ihiahrs. N` tmns wfy, tmh oj`thst mfs orhfthc f cnf-

ejkuh fij`k phhrs, forjss kh`hrftnj`s f`c jutsnch jd tmh oefssrjji.

Smhsh oj`vhrsftnj`s fajut prjaehis dfon`k wjih` n` Auekfrnf n` tur`

stniuefth cnsoussnj` fajut wnchr sjonfe, hoj`jino f`c pjentnofe nssuhs

tmft fddhot fee Auekfrnf`s. _nòh tmh oj`thsts nòhptnj` n` 6>>4, tmhùiahr jd pfrtnonpf`ts mfs krjw` drji ;


40/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

?3 \hfoh Ojrps

Omn`hsh [jih` Qhojk`nzh

[jih`s Fomnhvhih`ts

N` oheharftnj` jd N`thr`ftnj`fe [jih`s Cfy j` Ifrom =, Tjeu`thhrs

jrkf`nzhc f [jih`s Hssfy Oj`thst djr fee stuch`ts jd tmh Djrhnk`

Ef`kufkhs Chpfrtih`t jd Cfxnf` Shfomhrs Ojeehkh n` Cfomuf`,

_nomuf`. Smh oj`thst wfs ijchehc fdthr j`h mhec n` tmh Ozhom Qhpua-

eno n` 6>>;. Smh tjpno wfs tj chsornah f wjif` yju fcinrh f`c rhsphot

f`c thee mjw smh mfs n`deuh`ohc yjur endh.

Smh oj`thst wfs n`th`chc tj rfnsh fwfrh`hss jd wjih`s fomnhvhih`ts.

Smnrty-twj stuch`ts suaintthc hssfys wrntth` n` H`kensm djr tmh oj`-

thst. Afshc j` tmh hssfys oj`th`t f`c H`kensm wrntn`k sgnees, j`h hssfy

drji hfom jd tmh tmrhh krfchs f`c tmrhh jvhrfee wn``hrs whrh shehothc.

If`y hssfys chsornahc tmh envhs jd Omn`hsh wjih` n`oeucn`k mhrj-

n`hs n` mnstjry, ftmehths, f`c ijtmhrs. [mhtmhr dfijus jr `jt, tmh

wjih` tmhy wrjth fajut mfc f strj`k f`c pjsntnvh nipfot j` tmhstuch`ts.


41/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

?8

_h`sntnzftnj`s j` [jih`s Nssuhsf`c _phhom [rntn`k Oj`thst

JABHOSNTH

Sj cnsouss tmh prjaehis knres dfoh n` oj`tnùn`k tmhnr hcuof-

tnj` f`c tj knvh stuch`ts f` jppjrtu`nty tj prhsh`t sphhomhs

j` tmns tjpno tj tmhnr phhrs.

FOSNTNS^

\rhsh`t f ehssj` j` tjpnos rheftn`k tj knres hcuoftnj` jr mhfetm

suom fs2

Smh nipjrtfòh jd stfyn`k n` somjje

Jastfoehs knres dfoh n` oj`tnùn`k tmhnr hcuoftnj` f`c tmh

sjeutnj`s

Qhprjcuotnvh mhfetm f`c tmh rnsgs jd hfrey prhk`fòy

_hxufe mfrfssih`t

Fsg tmh stuch`ts (knres f`c ajys) tj wrnth sphhomhs j` j`h jd

tmh tjpnos. Mfvh f pf`he jd buckhs ensth` tj tmh sphhomhs f`c

omjjsh tmh ahst. [n``hrs of` rhfc tmhnr sphhomhs ft f` fsshi-

aey jr fwfrcs ohrhij`y.

_XKKH_SNJ@

_tuch`ts ft `hnkmajrn`k somjjes of` ojiphth fkfn`st hfom

jtmhr.


42/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

?4 \hfoh Ojrps

_omjefrsmnps

J`h wfy if`y \hfoh Ojrps Tjeu`thhrs mfvh mhephc tj hòjurfkh f`c

nòrhfsh jppjrtu`ntnhs djr knres hcuoftnj` ns tmrjukm tmh orhftnj` jd f

knres somjefrsmnp prjkrfi. _omjefrsmnp prjkrfis of` ah hddhotnvh tjjes

tj hòjurfkh tmh hcuoftnj` jd knres f`c nòrhfsh rhth`tnj`. @jt jèy

cj tmhy mhep rhenhvh tmh dfinenhs dn`fònfe aurch` tj hcuofth tmhnromnecrh`, aut tmhy fesj of` shrvh tj mhnkmth` fwfrh`hss jd tmh vfeuh jd

hcuoftn`k knres f`c tmh oj`trnautnj`s knres of` ifgh tj tmhnr ojiiu-

`ntnhs. Ijrh tmf` 1< \hfoh Ojrps pjsts wjrecwnch mfvh somjefrsmnp

prjkrfis fs pfrt jd tmhnr fotnvntnhs tj niprjvh knres hcuoftnj`.

_tfrtn`k f Knres _omjefrsmnp \rjkrfiSmh ghy pjn`t tj rhihiahr wmh` stfrtn`k f somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ns

tmft tmh prjkrfis survnvfe dn`fònfe f`c fcin`nstrftnvh smjuec

`jt ahojih chph`ch`t j` tmh \hfoh Ojrps. Smh kjfes smjuec ah `jt

jèy tj hòjurfkh knres hcuoftnj`, aut fesj tj mhep aunec tmh ofpfonty

jd ejofe h`tntnhs tj ahojih fotnvh pfrtnonpf`ts n` f`c fcvjofths djr

knres hcuoftnj`.

Ahdjrh orhftn`k f somjefrsmnp prjkrfi, nt ns nipjrtf`t tj pef` strfthkn-

ofeey djr tmh ej`k-thri fcin`nstrftnj` f`c sustfn`fanenty jd tmh prj-

krfi. Smns prjohss n`vjevhs snk`ndnof`t pef``n`k f`c tmh nòeusnj` jd

mjst oju`try `ftnj`fes f`c ejofe jrkf`nzftnj`s. Smn`g jd knres somje-

frsmnp prjkrfis fs yju wjuec f`y jtmhr chvhejpih`t prjbhot. Fe-

tmjukm Tjeu`thhrs ify ah n`struih`tfe n` stfrtn`k tmh somjefrsmnp prj-

krfi, tmh uetnifth kjfe smjuec ah djr tmh prjkrfi tj ah fcin`nsthrhcay f mjst-oju`try jrkf`nzftnj` jr ojiintthh.


43/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

?;

_thp 62

Djrin`k tmh _omjefrsmnp \rjkrfi Ojiintthh

Orhftn`k tmh ojiintthh tmft wnee pef` f`c nipehih`t tmh somjefrsmnp

prjkrfi ns tmh ijst nipjrtf`t sthp. ^jur uetnifth kjfe smjuec ah tj

put tjkhtmhr f ojiintthh tmft nòeuchs mjst oju`try rhprhsh`tftnj` fs

iuom fs pjssnaeh. Nchfeey, f [jih` n` Chvhejpih`t/Kh`chr f`c Ch-

vhejpih`t ([NC/KFC) ojiintthh wjuec pfrt`hr wntm f` n`-oju`try

@KJ tj orhfth f`c if`fkh tmh prjkrfi, wntm tmh kjfe tmft tmh pfrt`hr

jrkf`nzftnj` wjuec hvh`tufeey if`fkh tmh prjkrfi j` nts jw`.

N` if`y ofshs, dn`cn`k f pfrt`hr jrkf`nzftnj` drji tmh ahkn``n`k ify

`jt ah pjssnaeh. _jih somjefrsmnp prjkrfis ahkn` wntm tmh [NC/KFC

ojiintthh tfgn`k tmh ehfc. N` suom ofshs, nt ns stnee nipjrtf`t tj n`-

oeuch mjst oju`try ftnj`fes f`c jrkf`nzftnj`s wmhrhvhr pjssnaeh. _nk-

`ndnof`t mjst oju`try rhprhsh`tftnj` j` tmh ojiintthh h`surhs shvhrfe

tmn`ks2

_ustfn`fanenty

Nòeusnvh shehotnj` prjohss

Arjfchr suppjrt jd knres hcuoftnj`

Nòrhfshc pjth`tnfe djr f phrif`h`t fcin`nstrftjr

Smh suppjrt jd tmh \hfoh Ojrps Oju`try Cnrhotjr jr f \rjkrfi If`-

fkhr/F\OC ns fesj nipjrtf`t. Ajtm of` ah n`vfeufaeh rhsjurohs n`

fcvnsn`k tmh ojiintthh f`c mhepn`k tj ifgh oj``hotnj`s wntm fpprj-

prnfth jrkf`nzftnj`s jr kjvhrìh`t jddnohs. N` fccntnj`, sjih \hfoh

Ojrps rhkueftnj`s fddhot wmft rjehs Tjeu`thhrs of` pefy n` tmh fcin`-

nstrftnj` jd f somjefrsmnp prjkrfi. Smh Oju`try Cnrhotjr, \rjkrfi

If`fkhr f`c Fcin`nstrftnvh Jddnohr of` ah mhepdue n` nch`tndyn`k fp-

prjprnfth frhfs jd n`vjevhih`t djr Tjeu`thhrs.


44/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

?= \hfoh Ojrps

Smhrh ify ah hxpftrnfths jr djrhnk`-afshc @KJs n` tmh mjst oju`try.

Nt ify ah fpprjprnfth tj n`vnth sjih jd tmhsh n`cnvncufes jr jrkf`nzf-

tnj`s tj ah j` tmh ojiintthh, chph`cn`k j` tmh sgnees, hxphrnhòh, f`c

rhsjurohs tmhy of` arn`k tj tmh krjup.

_jih \hfoh Ojrps oju`trnhs mfvh ahh` vhry suoohssdue n` wjrgn`k

wntm f` jrkf`nzftnj` n`-oju`try tmft if`fkhs tmh somjefrsmnp prjkrfi.

N` tmhsh hxfipehs, Tjeu`thhrs rjehs frh tj nch`tndy of`cncfths, wntm

in`nife du`crfnsn`k f`c if`fkhih`t. @jt jèy cjhs tmns aunec

sustfn`fanenty jd tmh prjkrfi, aut nt fesj aunecs j` \hfoh Ojrps Tjeu`-

thhrs u`nquh nomh, wmnom ns nch`tndyn`k knres n` rhijth frhfs wntm tmh

krhfthst `hhc. _jih hxfipehs frh2

N` Kmf`f, Tjeu`thhrs frh wjrgn`k wntm tmh Dhchrftnj` jd Fdrnof`

[jih` Hcuoftjrs (DF[H) n` ojjrcn`ftn`k tmh `jin`ftnj` f`c

shehotnj` jd knres.

Tjeu`thhrs n` Rniafawhrfnsh du`cs f`c djrwfrc `fihs jd pjs-

snaeh rhonpnh`ts djr knres somjefrsmnps tmft frh fcin`nsthrhc tmrjukm

tmh Fihrnof` [jih`s Oeua.

Tjeu`thhrs n` Ahenzh wjrg wntm tmh ejofe @KJ ^jutm H`mfòh-

ih`t _hrvnohs (^H_), f` fethr`ftnvh somjje djr ft-rnsg knres, tj nch`-

tndy knres wmj frh henknaeh tj rhohnvh somjefrsmnps tj oj`tnùh somjje.

Smh du`cn`k djr tmh somjefrsmnps n` Houfcjrojihs tmrjukm f pfrt-

`hrsmnp ahtwhh` tmh Gnwf`ns Oeua jd Vuntj f`c sifee du`crfns-

n`k fotnvntnhs ay Tjeu`thhrs f`c ojiiu`nty ihiahrs.

Tjeu`thhrs n` @hpfewjrg wntm tmh Fihrnof` [jih` jd @hpfe

(F[J@) tj jatfn` somjefrsmnps djr knres n` tmhnr ojiiu`ntnhs.


45/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

?>

_thp 12

Aunecn`k _uppjrt

Mjst oju`try rhprhsh`tftnvhs smjuec ah n`vjevhc ft fee ehvhes, drji tmh

rhonpnh`ts dfinenhs tj tmh ejofe jr `ftnj`fe kjvhr`ih`t.

Dfinenhs

Nt ns nipjrtf`t tj mfvh tmh dfineys suppjrt f`c n`vhstih`t n` knres

hcuoftnj`. F knres dfiney suppjrt mheps tj h`surh tmft tmhy vfeuh tmh

stucy f`c ih`tjr tnih smh wnee `hhc tj n`vhst n` mhr hcuoftnj`. Ijst

ojiintthhs fesj rhqunrh tmh dfinenhs tj oj`trnauth f pjrtnj` jd tmh

du`cs tj f knres hcuoftnj`.

Mfvn`k ihiahrs jd tmh somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ojiintthh ihht wntm

rhonpnh`ts dfinenhs of` mhep shourh tmns suppjrt. Tjeu`thhrs n` Aurgn`f

Dfsj vnsnt dfinenhs mjihs tj rhquhst suppjrt drji tmh knres pfrh`ts n`

jrkf`nzn`k tmh wjrgejfc n` suom f wfy tmft tmh knres of` dn`c tnih tjstucy. Smh vnsnt ify fesj rh`hw tmh pfrh`ts ijtnvftnj` tj ghhp tmhnr

cfukmthrs n` somjje.

_omjjes

Kfn`n`k tmh suppjrt jd tmh prn`onpfe,

thfomhrs, f`c pfrh`ts jrkf`nzftnj`s

wnee mhep h`surh suppjrt djr tmh somje-

frsmnp rhonpnh`ts f`c wnee mhep mhnkm-

th` fwfrh`hss jd knres hcuoftnj` n`

tmft somjje. \frh`t Shfomhr Fssjonf-

tnj`s (\SFs) f`c somjje ojiintthhs

of` fesj shrvh fs vfeufaeh sjurohs jd

du`crfnsn`k f`c ih`tjrn`k. Tjeu`thhrs

n` Aurgn`f Dfsj wjrg wntm oju`thr-

pfrts f`c \SFs tj orhfth fwfrh`hss

jd knres hcuoftnj` f`c frh n`vjevhc

n` Sfgh Jur Cfukmthrs tj [jrg Cfy

fotnvntnhs.


46/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

3< \hfoh Ojrps

Ejofe f`c `ftnj`fe kjvhrìh`ts

If`y somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ojiintthhs mfvh snk`hc djrife fkrhhih`tswntm tmhnr mjst oju`trnhs ejofe f`c `ftnj`fe kjvhrìh`ts. _hourn`k

tmh suppjrt jd tmh ejofe f`c `ftnj`fe kjvhrìh`ts wnee mhep fomnhvh

shvhrfe tmn`ks2

H`surh tmh somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ns wjrgn`k wntmn` tmh hcuoftnj`

pef`s jd tmh mjst oju`try

Fcc orhcnanenty tj tmh prjkrfi

Mhnkmth` fwfrh`hss jd knres hcuoftnj`

Fs f rhsuet jd Tjeu`thhrs wjrg wntm knres hcuoftnj` fotnvntnhs, tmh

\hfoh Ojrps jddnoh n` Gh`yf mfs rhohnvhc f` nòrhfsh n` tmh ùiahr

jd rhquhsts djr thfomhrs f`c/jr kuncfòh j` hcuoftnj`fe jppjrtu`ntnhs

djr knres.


47/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

36

_thp ?2

\ef``n`k tmh _omjefrsmnp _trfthky

J`oh tmh ghy pefyhrs frh n` pefoh, tmh ojiintthh smjuec tmn`g fajut

mjw nt wf`ts tj fcin`nsthr tmh prjkrfi. Vuhstnj`s tj oj`snchr2

Mjw wnee rhonpnh`ts ah chthrin`hc:

[mj wnee ah j` tmh shehotnj` ojiintthh: (Nt ns mnkmey rhoji-

ih`chc tmft ejofe somjje jr hcuoftnj` jddnonfes ah n`vjevhc, fs

whee fs ojiintthh ihiahrs.)

[nee somjefrsmnps ah fwfrchc yhfr-ay-yhfr, jr wnee f somjefrsmnp

rhonpnh`t ah kufrf`thhc f somjefrsmnp djr tmh curftnj` jd mhr hcu-

oftnj`:

[mft fofchino stf`cfrcs cj tmh rhonpnh`ts `hhc tj ifn`tfn` tj

h`surh tmhnr somjefrsmnps:

[mft n`vhstih`ts cj tmh rhonpnh`ts, tmhnr dfinenhs, f`c jtmhr

krjups n`vjevhc `hhc tj ifgh:

Mjw wnee tmh somjefrsmnp ah cnstrnauthc tj tmh rhonpnh`ts:

[mj ns n` omfrkh jd tmh dn`f`onfe if`fkhih`t jd tmh n`cnvncufe

somjefrsmnp f`c tmh jvhrfee prjkrfi:

Mjw wnee du`cs ah fooju`thc djr:

[mft typh jd rhpjrtn`k ns

rhqunrhc drji tmh rhonpnh`ts:

Mjw wnee tmh suoohss jd tmh

prjkrfi ah hvfeufthc:

Mjw wnee tmh prjkrfi ah

puaenonzhc:


48/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

31 \hfoh Ojrps

_thp 32

Du`cn`k

Smh somjefrsmnp ojiintthh smjuec stfrt ay djriueftn`k f ej`k-thri

pef` djr du`cn`k. F` nchfe du`cn`k sntuftnj` wjuec nòeuch f` h`cjw-

ih`t, tmh n`thrhst drji wmnom du`cs tmh somjefrsmnps. F` fethr`fth

strfthky n`vjevhs dn`cn`k ej`k-thri du`cn`k sjurohs n`-oju`try tmft

wjuec oj`tnùh tj du`c tmh prjkrfi djr f snk`ndnof`t phrnjc jd tnih. F

ojian`ftnj` jd tmhsh strfthknhs ify ah pjssnaeh. Smhrh ify ah rhstrno-

tnj`s j` mjw iuom, nd f`y, du`crfnsn`k Tjeu`thhrs of` cj j` tmhnr jw`n`-oju`try. Nt ify ah ijrh fpprjprnfth djr jtmhr ojiintthh ihiahrs

tj tfgh tmh ehfc. N` fccntnj`, tmhrh ify ah rhstrnotnj`s j` Tjeu`thhrs

fcin`nsthrn`k du`cs. Smh pjsts Oju`try Cnrhotjr, \rjkrfi If`fkhr

f`c Fcin`nstrftnvh Jddnohr of` mhep fcvnsh tmh ojiintthh j` tmns nssuh.

J`h sjuroh tj oj`snchr djr n`ntnfe du`cn`k ns tmh \hfoh Ojrps \frt`hr-

smnp \rjkrfi. \frt`hrsmnp \rjkrfi kunchen`hs frh fvfnefaeh ft pjst.

_thp 82

Ej`k-thri \ef`s2

Nch`tndyn`k tmh \hrif`h`t Fcin`nstrftjr

Smh somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ojiintthh smjuec nch`tndy, fs sjj` fs pjs-

snaeh, f` n`-oju`try @KJ tmft of` if`fkh tmh prjkrfi. Ejjg djr f`

jrkf`nzftnj` tmft mfs f ojiintih`t tj knres hcuoftnj`. Djr hxfipeh,

tmh [NC/KFC ojiintthh n` \f`fif crhw up f` fkrhhih`t wntm Du`cf

Iubhr tj hvh`tufeey trf`sdhr tmh somjefrsmnp prjkrfi tj tmft \f`fif-

`nf` @KJ.

Nd `j suntfaeh jrkf`nzftnj` hxnsts, oj`snchr n`stntutnj`fenzn`k f oji-

intthh jd phjpeh drji vfrnjus jrkf`nzftnj`s fs tmh prjkrfis fcin`-

nstrftjr. Nd tmh jrnkn`fe somjefrsmnp prjkrfi ojiintthh nòeuchs h`jukm

mjst-oju`try rhprhsh`tftnj`, tmh ojiintthh ify ah f kjjc of`cncfth

djr f phrif`h`t fcin`nstrftjr.


49/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

3?

Jòh f` jrkf`nzftnj` jr phrif`h`t ojiintthh mfs ahh` nch`tndnhc, nt

ns nipjrtf`t tmft tmh ojiintthh mhep tj ih`tjr tmns hw fcin`nstrftjr

f`c prhpfrh tmhi tj tfgh jvhr tmh prjkrfi. Ifgh surh tmh `hw fc-

in`nstrftjr mfs tmh thom`nofe, fcin`nstrftnvh, f`c dn`fònfe if`fkh-

ih`t sgnees tj mf`ceh tmh prjkrfi.

_omjefrsmnps mfvh prjvh` hddhotnvh n`

niprjvn`k knres hcuoftnj`. Jtmhr

nòh`tnvhs f`c suasncnhs somjje

ihfes, drhh somjje u`ndjris, f`c

efajr-sfvn`k thom`jejknhs mfvh

kh`hrfeey dfnehc. Omnecofrh dfonentnhs

f`c prhsomjjes, wmnom rhenhvh knres

jd snaen`k ofrh, frh prjinsn`k aut

u`chr cjouih`thc. Ojiiu`nty f`c

pfrh`tfe hcuoftnj` tmrjukm

n`djriftnj` ofipfnk`s f`c

ojiiu`nty pfrtnonpftnj` mfvh

ynhechc pjsntnvh rhsuets.

Hcuoftn`k Knres2 _trfthknhs tj Nòrhfsh Foohss,

\hrsnsthòh f`c Fomnhvhih`t,

Fcvfòn`k Afsno Hcuoftnj` f`c Enthrfoy \rjbhot,

X._. Fkhòy djr N`thr`ftnj`fe Chvhejpih`t,

Jddnoh jd Hcuoftnj`,Jddnoh jd [jih` n` Chvhejpih`t,

[fsmn`ktj`, CO,

Chohiahr 6>>6


50/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

33 \hfoh Ojrps

\f`fif`nf` Knres _trnvh tj

_uoohhc n` Smhnr _tucnhs

If`y yhfrs fkj tmh [NC/KFC ojiintthh n` \f`fif rhojk`nzhc tmft

j`h jd tmh ahst wfys tmh \hfoh Ojrps ojuec wjrg tjwfrcs tmh chvhe-

jpih`t jd wjih` f`c fccrhss kh`chr nssuhs wjuec ah tj strh`ktmh`

tmh rjeh jd knres f`c wjih` n` tmhnr ojiiu`ntnhs. Fs wjih` ahojih

ahtthr hcuofthc, tmhy ahojih strj`khr. [ntm f` nòrhfsh n` oj`dnchòh

f`c hcuoftnj`, wjih` pefy f krhfthr rjeh n` tmhnr ojiiu`ntnhs ay

ahojin`k rjeh ijches djr fee. Smhrhdjrh, tmh [NC/KFC ojiintthhmfs ahh` wjrgn`k tj nòrhfsh knres shed-hsthhi f`c hcuoftnj` tmrjukm

tfegs, shin`frs f`c `hw somjefrsmnps djr yju`k wjih`.

Smh [NC/KFC ojiintthh n` \f`fif mfs ahh` rfnsn`k ij`hy djr

somjefrsmnps djr yju`k wjih` snòh 6>>;. N` Bfùfry jd 6>>>, tmh

ojiintthh fwfrchc f tjtfe jd $6


51/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

38

Smh Tjeu`thhrs chsnk`hc f quhstnj``fnrh fsgn`k fajut tmh knres dfin-

enhs nòjih, tmh knres n`thrhst n` oj`tnùn`k tmhnr stucnhs, f`c tmhnr

krfchs. Smh knres fesj mfc tj prjvnch rhojiih`cftnj`s drji ojiiu-

`nty ihiahrs (jtmhr tmf` tmhnr dfinenhs), f`c pfrtnonpfth n` f dn`fe

phrsj`fe n`thrvnhw.

Curn`k tmh n`thrvnhws, tmh knres hipmfsnzhc tmh `hhc djr hcuofthc n`-

cnkh`jus wjih` tj shrvh tmhnr ojiiu`nty prjdhssnj`fe wjih`

suom fs cjotjrs, thfomhrs, f`c ausn`hssphjpeh wmj wjuec u`chrstf`c

tmh ef`kufkh f`c oueturh fs whee fs prjvnch pjsntnvh rjeh ijches tj fee

omnecrh`, hsphonfeey jtmhr yju`k wjih`.

Smh n`cnkh`jus oueturh rfrhey feejws jr fog`jwehckhs tmh nipjrtfòh

jd hcuoftnj` djr knres. If`y jd tmh jechr wjih` n` \f`fif mfvh hvhr

ahh` hcuofthc f`c ijst of``jt hvh` sphfg _pf`nsm, wmnom ns tmh oji-

ij` ef`kufkh. Smh shvh` yju`k wjih` rhohnvn`k tmh somjefrsmnps

frh fwfrh jd tmh jppjrtu`ntnhs f`c tjjes hcuoftnj` of` knvh tj tmhi,

f`c tmhnr ojiiu`ntnhs.

Smh somjefrsmnp prjvnchs tmh knres wntm somjje u`ndjris, ajjgs f`c

jtmhr somjje suppenhs, fee iftrnoueftnj` dhhs, f`c mjusn`k dhhs. Smh

knres iust ifn`tfn` kjjc krfchs, f`c iust rhfppey nd tmhy wf`t f somje-

frsmnp djr tmh djeejwn`k yhfr.


52/86


53/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

3;

Fppenoftnj`s

Hstfaensm tmh chfcen`h djr fppenoftnj`.

Chsnk` tmh fppenoftnj` pfoght wntm tmh mhep jd f mjst oju`try

`ftnj`fe tj omhog tmh fpprjprnfth`hss jd tmh quhstnj`s, tmh oefrnty

jd tmh n`struotnj`s, f`c tmh ojrrhot`hss jd tmh ef`kufkh f`c krfiifr.

Jatfn` f somjje ifnen`k enst drji tmh In`nstry jd Hcuoftnj`. Smns

wnee ah yjur cnstrnautnj` enst djr tmh fppenoftnj` pfoght.

Chsnk` f deyhr jr pjsthr tmft of` ah ushc n hfom somjje tj prjijth

tmh somjefrsmnp.

\rhpfrh tmh fppenoftnj` pfoghts djr hfom somjje. Smhsh smjuec

nòeuch2

6. Smh pjsthr jr deyhr tj fcvhrtnsh tmh somjefrsmnp

1. F ehtthr tj tmh prnònpfe hxpefn`n`k tmh kjfe f`c tmh rhqunrh-ih`ts jd tmh somjefrsmnp, f`c fsgn`k tmh prnònpfe f`c thfomhrs

tj mhep nch`tndy of`cncfths

?. Smh fppenoftnj` djri nòeucn`k thfomhr rhojiih`cftnj`

djris

Nd dhfsnaeh, yju ify wnsm tj

frrf`kh f ihhtn`k jr shrnhs jdihhtn`ks wntm fppenof`ts tj

h`surh tmft tmhy u`chrstf`c

tmh fppenoftnj` ifthrnfes f`c

g`jw wmnom pfrts tmhy frh

tj ojipehth, ay wmh`, f`c

wmnom pfrts frh tj ah oji-

pehthc ay jtmhrs. Hstfaensm f` n`thrvnhw somhcueh nd rhqunrhc.


54/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

3= \hfoh Ojrps

Chonsnj` \rjohss

Djri f shehotnj` ojiintthh.

Nt ns rhojiih`chc tmft hfom fppenoftnj` ah rhfc ay ft ehfst tmrhh

ojiintthh ihiahrs.

Hfom rhfchr iust h`surh tmft fee qufendnoftnj`s mfvh ahh` iht f`c

tmh`, oj`snchrn`k tmh qufenty jd krfchs, rhojiih`cftnj`s f`c hs-

sfy, rfth tmh fppenoftnj` j` f sofeh jd 6 tj 6


55/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

3>

8. Of` yju ifgh prhsh`tftnj` jd tmh fwfrcs cnrhotey tj tmh

stuch`t f`c mhr pfrh`ts ft tmh prn`onpfes jddnoh:

@jtndy wn``hrs f`c j`-wn``hrs.

Fwfrc Cnstrnautnj`

_hh oj`snchrftnj`s fajvh rhkfrcn`k rhenfanenty jd du`cs trf`sdhr.

_jih pjssnaeh ihtmjcs jd cnstrnautnj`2

6. Tnf Tjeu`thhrs

1. Tnf f `htwjrg jd somjefrsmnp ojiintthh ihiahrs

?. Tnf pjstfe ij`hy jrchrs

J`kjn`k Fotnvntnhs

Du`crfnsh tmrjukm f wnch rf`kh jd h`chfvjrs suom fs sphonfe hvh`ts,

sfehs jd mf`corfdts, djjcs, f`c jtmhr nthis, f`c fpphfes tj ejofe

omfrntfaeh jrkf`nzftnj`s.

Ifn`tfn` oj`tfot wntm somjjes.

Ouetnvfth sustfn`faeh pfrtnonpftnj` jd mjst oju`try `ftnj`fes tj

h`surh tmh duturh jd tmh somjefrsmnp.


56/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

8< \hfoh Ojrps

Qhsjurohs

Ifthrnfes Fvfnefaeh Smrjukm \hfoh Ojrps

N`djriftnj` Ojeehotnj` f`c Hxomf`kh (NOH)

Ojiiu`nty Oj`th`t Afshc N`struotnj` (OOAN) If`ufe (NOH

S>=. (NOH I4. (NOH [C61;)

\rjkrfi kunch djr dfonentftjrs f`c trfn`hrs wjrgn`k wntm knres fkhs 61-

1


57/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

86

Omjnohs2 F Shh` [jif`s Bjur`fe djr _hed-Fwfrh`hss f`c

\hrsj`fe \ef``n`k. In`cy An`kmfi, Gftmehh` \hthrs (Hcntjr),

Afrafrf Krhh` (Hcntjr), Fcvjofoy \rhss, 6>=?. (NOH [C6?8)

Omjnohsprjvnchs stjrnhs, fotnvntnhs f`c sukkhstnj`s j` wmft nt ns engh

tj ah f knre f`c wmft hxphotftnj`s, vfeuhs f`c endh jptnj`s frh chthr-

in`hc ay sjonhty f`c oueturh f`c, tmhrhdjrh, of` ah omf`khc. Smns

ajjg prjvnchs f vfrnhty jd hxhronshs f`c fotnvntnhs djr knres tj cj fej`h

jr n` krjups tj ahtthr u`chrstf`c tmhishevhs, tmhnr fspnrftnj`s f`c

tmhnr pjth`tnfe. Smns ajjg mfs ahh` tmh afsns jd if`y \hfoh Ojrpsfotnvntnhs suom fs ofip KEJ[.

Ahyj`c tmh Oefssrjji2 Hipjwhrn`k Knres. \hfoh Ojrps. 1


58/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

81 \hfoh Ojrps

[hasnths tj _uppjrt

Knres Hcuoftnj` N`ntnftnvhs

X`nthc @ftnj`s Omnecrh`s Du`c (X@NOHD) www.u`nohd.jrk

X@NOHD fcvjofths f`c wjrgs djr tmh prjthotnj` jd omnecrh`s rnkmts,

tj mhep tmh yju`k ihht tmhnr afsno `hhcs f`c tj hxpf`c tmhnr jppjrtu-

`ntnhs tj rhfom tmhnr duee pjth`tnfe. F shotnj` ns chvjthc tj knres hcuof-

tnj` f`c vjnohs jd yjutm. _tftnstnos, prjbhots, fotnvntnhs, n`djriftnj`

j` omnecrh` wjrecwnch fotnvntnhs j` wha snth.

Smh Kejafe Du`c djr Omnecrh` www.kejafedu`cdjromnecrh`.jrk

Smh Kejafe Du`c djr Omnecrh` prjijths tmh muif` rnkmts jd omnecrh`

f`c yjutm ay pefon`k tmhnr ahst n`thrhsts ft tmh oh`thr jd hfom fotnvnty

drji dn`cn`k orhftnvh wfys tj prjijth enthrfoy tj knvn`k tmhi f

stfkh wmhrh tmhnr vjnohs of` ah truey mhfrc. \rjkrfis n`th`c tj mhep

yju`k phjpeh chvhejp tmh g`jwehckh f`c sgnees tmft frh `hohssfry tj

wjrg f`c envh ojidjrtfaey n` f kejafe sjonhty. \rjkrfis n`oeuch

_MFGSN djr omnecrh` wmnom thfomhs omnecrh` tj vfeuh cnvhrsnty f`c

tj fpprhonfth tmh nipjrtf`oh jd kejafe ontnzh`smnp. Kejafe Du`c djr

Omnecrh` orhfths iuetn-oueturfe ajjgs tmft prjijth omnecrh`s nchfs

f`c mhep tmhi kfn` n`snkmt n`tj muif`, oueturfe, sjonfe f`c h`vnrj`-

ih`tfe cnvhrsnty. ]f`cu Frts Hcuoftnj` \rjbhots pfrt`hrs wntm somjjes

f`c ojiiu`nty-afshc jrkf`nzftnj`s knvhs omnecrh` tmh jppjrtu`nty tj

frtnstnofeey f`c vhrafeey orhfth tmhnr nchfe pefoh. Smh Kejafe Du`c krf`t

prjbhot prjvnchs sifee krf`ts tj n``jvftnvh prjkrfis tmft suppjrt

u`chrshrvhc omnecrh` f`c yjutm frju`c tmh wjrec. Smh krf`ts frh

tfrkhthc tj omnec efajrhrs, knres hcuoftnj` f`c yjutm ehfchrsmnp

chvhejpih`t.

Fihrnof` Fssjonftnj` jd X`nvhrsnty [jih` (FFX[)

www.ffuw.jrk

\rjijths hcuoftnj` f`c hqunty djr wjih` f`c knres tmrjukm rhshfrom,

dheejwsmnps f`c krf`ts, fotnvnsi, vjthr hcuoftnj`, f`c suppjrt djr cns-

ornin`ftnj` efwsunts. FFX[s rjeh ns tj suppjrt f strj`k systhi jd


59/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

8?

puaeno hcuoftnj` tmft prjijths kh`chr dfnr`hss, hqunty f`c cnvhrsnty7

tj fomnhvh shed-suddnonhòy djr fee wjih`7 f`c tj kufrf`thh hqufenty

f`c n`cnvncufe rnkmts djr f cnvhrsh sjonhty. Qhshfrom ns X._. afshc

dnrst pmfsh djoushc j` tmh prjaehis knres dfoh n` somjje f`c tmh sho-

j`c pmfsh djoushs j` pjsntnvh somjje oenifths shrnhs wmnom wjrgs

wntm hcuoftnj`fe n`stntutnj`s, ojiiu`nty ojfentnj`s f`c ojrpjrftnj`s

tj nch`tnty fpprjfomhs f`c somjje oenifths tmft wjrg tj h`surh knres

frh shrvhc n` somjje. Kjjc puaenoftnj`s frh fvfnefaeh.

Fssjonftnj` djr tmh Chvhejpih`t jd Hcuoftnj` n` Fdrnof (FCHF)

www.fchf`ht.jrk

Hstfaensmhc n` 6>== tj (6) rhn`djroh Fdrnof` in`nstrnhs ehfchrsmnp

ofpfontnhs fs tmhy wjrg wntm du`cn`k fkhònhs7 (1) tj chvhejp tmhsh

fkhònhs fwfrh`hss tmft tmhnr jw` prfotnohs smjuec ah fcfpthc tj tmh

`hhcs jd `ftnj`fe-crnvh` hcuoftnj` pjenonhs, prjkrfis f`c prjkrhss7

f`c (?) tj chvhejp f oj`sh`sus ahtwhh` in`nstrnhs f`c fkhònhs j`fpprjfomhs tj tmh ifbjr nssuhs dfon`k hcuoftnj` n` Fdrnof. Mfs f wjrg-

n`k krjup j` dhifeh pfrtnonpftnj`, f qufrthrey `hwsehtthr f`c f` hcu-

oftnj` cftfafsh. Oj`tfn`s cjouih`ts, puaenoftnj`s f`c ajjgs j` knres

hcuoftnj` n` Fdrnof.

Chpfrtih`t jd Hcuoftnj` X`nthc _tfths www.hc.kjv

HQNO Oehfrn`kmjush j` Hehih`tfry f`c Hfrey Omnecmjjc Hcuoftnj`.Smh snth jddhrs vfrnjus frtnoehs, rhshfrom, f`c rhpjrts chfen`k wntm hcu-

oftnj`, nòeucn`k knres f`c fcjehsohòh. Djous ns j` tmh X`nthc _tfths.

[jih`s Ojeehkh Ojfentnj` www.fofchino.jrk

Smns whasnth jddhrs n`djriftnj` f`c en`gs n` tmh djeejwn`k tjpno frhfs2

[mft \frh`ts Of` Cj, _urprnsn`k aut Sruh Wn`djriftnj` fajut knres

hcuoftnj`Y, Qjeh Ijches, Dfots Fajut [jih` f`c [jrg, f`c Qh-sjurohs. Smh djous ns j` tmh X`nthc _tfths, mjwhvhr, tmh n`djriftnj`

oj`tfn`hc ify ah rhfcney fcfpthc tj jtmhr shttn`ks, f`c tmh en`gs tj

jtmhr jrkf`nzftnj`s whasnths f`c rhsjuohs frh vfeufaeh.


60/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

83 \hfoh Ojrps

_trfthknhs djr Fcvfòn`k Knres Hcuoftnj` (_FKH)

mttp2//sfkh.fhc.jrk

Fwfrchc n` 6>>>, tmh twj-yhfr _FKH prjbhot crfws upj` tmh hxth`-

snvh afsno hcuoftnj` f`c knres hcuoftnj` hxphrnhòhs jd tmh Fofchiy

djr Hcuoftnj`fe Chvhejpih`t tj prjvnch thom`nofe f`c trfn`n`k fssns-

tfòh n` knres prnifry hcuoftnj` tj X_FNC Inssnj`s. Fs f pfrt jd tmh

wjrecwnch [NCSHOM prjbhot du`chc ay X_FNCs Jddnoh jd [jih`

n` Chvhejpih`t (K/[NC), _FKH ns chsnk`hc tj tfgh f j`-trfcntnj`fe,

iuetn-shotjrfe fpprjfom tj nòrhfsn`k n`vjevhih`t n` knres hcuoftnj`._FKH strh`ktmh`s ejofe jw`hrsmnp jd knres hcuoftnj` ay h`kfkn`k

trfcntnj`fe f`c `j`-trfcntnj`fe fotjrs, suom fs tmh puaeno f`c prnvfth

shotjrs, oh`trfe f`c choh`trfenzhc kjvhrìh`t u`nts, rhenknjus f`c

ausn`hss ehfchrs, tmh ihcnf f`c `j`-kjvhrìh`tfe jrkf`nzftnj`s, n`

nipehih`tn`k ejofe sjeutnj`s wntm ejofe rhsjurohs n` suppjrt jd knres

hcuoftnj`. Smh whasnth nòeuchs pfphrs f`c chsornptnj`s jd knres hcu-

oftnj` fotnvntnhs oj`cuothc n` Kun`hf, Ifen f`c [fsmn`ktj`, CO.


61/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

88

Fpph`cnohs

Fpph`cnx 62

Ijche Ehssj`2 Iftm Kh`chr Cnddhrhòhs n`

Cfney Endh

Fofchino _uabhot2 Iftmhiftnos

Ojiiu`nty Sjpno2 Knres Hcuoftnj`

Ehvhe2 8 (Chph`cn`k j` tmh iftm ehvhe jd tmh stuch`ts, tmns ehssj`

of` fesj ah fcfpthc tj shoj`cfry stuch`ts.)

Iftm Jabhotnvhs2

6. Ojipneh f`c f`feyzh snipeh stftnstnos

1. _jevh afsno stftnstnos-rhefthc prjaehis

?. Qhprhsh`t stftnstnofe n`djriftnj` krfpmnofeey

Ojiiu`nty Oj`th`t/Kh`chr Cnddhrhòh Jabhotnvhs2

6. Qhojk nzh kh`chr cnddhrhòhs n` cfney fotnvntnhs ahtwhh` ifehs

f`c dhifehs

1. Cnsouss nipfot jd kh`chr cnddhrhòhs j` tmh ojiiu`nty

Ifthrnfes @hhchc2

Omfeg, aefogajfrc, denpomfrt pfphr, ojejrhc ifrghrs, tfph

N`cnvncufe denpomfrts wntm hfom jd tmh djeejwn`k crfw` j` tmhi2 mnstj-

krfi, pnh omfrt, afr krfpm, ihf`, ijch, f`c ihcnf`.

Snih2 Smrhh jr djur cjuaeh phrnjcs


62/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

84 \hfoh Ojrps

Fotnvntnhs

Ijtnvftnj`2

6. Fs f mjihwjrg fssnkìh`t, fsg tmh stuch`ts tj chdn`h tmh

wjrc kh`chr. Smhy frh `jt tj ejjg nt up n` tmh cnotnj`fry,

aut smjuec chrnvh f chdn`ntnj` ay tfegn`k tj drnh`cs, dfiney,

f`c jtmhr ojiiu`nty ihiahrs.

1. Djeejwn`k tmns fssnkìh`t, n oefss tmh thfomhr wrnths tmh wjrc

kh`chr j` tmh aefogajfrc. _tuch`ts tmh` cnsouss tmh ihf`-n`k jd tmh wjrc afshc j` tmhnr rhshfrom. Smh kjfe ns tj mfvh

stuch`t frrnvh ft chdn`ntnj` jd kh`chr, afshc j` tmhnr tmjukmts,

nchfs, f`c phrohptnj`. Smh thfomhr smjuec prjvnch in`niui

kuncfòh.

?. _tuch`ts frh put n`tj sifee krjups f`c n`struothc tj kj n`tj

tmh ojiiu`nty tj fsg kh`chr-afshc quhstnj`s.

_tuch`ts wnee prhpfrh quhstnj`s ahdjrh kjn`k jut n`tj tmh

ojiiu`nty.

Hfom krjup wnee n`thrvnhw phjpeh n` tmh ojiiu`nty fajut

wmft tmhy hxphot tmh stuch`ts cfney somhcuehs tj ah engh.

Djr hxfipeh, Mjw if`y mjurs hfom cfy cjhs f stuch`t

(ifeh, dhifeh) ojjg: _tucy: Qhefx:

Smh efst quhstnj` jd tmh n`thrvnhw wnee ah2 Cj yju tmn`g

tmh rjehs jd ajys f`c knres `hhc tj ah omf`khc: Nd sj, mjw

wjuec yju omf`kh tmhi:

Hfom krjup rhpjrts nts dn`cn`ks tj tmh oefss.

@JSH2Hntmhr jd tmh fotnvntnhs djeejwn`k of` ah ushc fs pfrt jd tmh

ijtnvftnj`fe sthp fs ajtm dejw `nohey n`tj tmh n`djriftnj` shkih`t jdtmns ehssj`. Shfomhrs fesj ify orhfth f`jtmhr fotnvnty tmft ojian`hs

hehih`ts drji hfom jd tmh fotnvntnhs prhsh`thc mhrh.


63/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

8;

Fotnvnty 62

6. Smh thfomhr fsgs stuch`ts tj fih f dhw rjehs n` tmh dfiney jrojiiu`nty. Smjsh frh wrntth` j` tmh aefogajfrc fs ojeui`

mhfcn`ks (suom fs wfsmn`k cnsmhs, dhhcn`k envhstjog, mfrvhst-

n`k dnhecs, cnsonpen`n`k omnecrh`, f`c jtmhrs). _tuch`ts frh fsghc

wmj n` tmh dfiney jr ojiiu`nty ns rhspj`snaeh djr hfom rjeh.

Smh wjrcs ajy, knre, if`, wjif`, ijtmhr, dftmhr

frh wrntth` u`chr hfom mhfcn`k fs stuch`ts rhpjrt j` wmj tfghs

pfrt n` tmft rjeh.

1. Smh thfomhr hxpefn`s tmft tmhsh frh kh`chr rjehs2 rjehs tmft frh

fttrnauthc tj dhifehs jr ifehs.

?. _tuch`ts frh put n`tj krjups (j`h krjup djr hfom mhfcn`k).

Hfom krjup ns knvh` j`h ojeui` tj wjrg wntm f`c tjec tj tjtfe

tmh ùiahr jd phjpeh `fihc n` tmft ojeui`. @hxt, tmh krjup

ns tj cnvnch tmh tjtfe ùiahr jd phjpeh n` tmh ojeui` n`tj tmhùiahr jd ifehs f`c dhifehs n` tmh ojeui`. Smhy frh fsghc

nd tmhy of` chthrin`h tmh phroh`tfkh jd ifehs f`c dhifehs

cjn`k hfom rjeh.

3. Dn`feey, tmh krjups frh knvh` fajut dnvh inùths tj wrnth f

chdn`ntnj` djr kh`chr. Hfom krjup tmh` rhfcs fejuc tmhnr chdn-

`ntnj` jd kh`chr. Fs hfom chdn`ntnj` ns rhfc, tmh thfomhr wrnths

tmh ghy wjrcs drji tmh chdn`ntnj` j` tmh aefogajfrc. Afshc

j` fee tmh ghy wjrcs, tmh oefss ojeehotnvhey frrnvhs ft f chdn`n-

tnj` jd kh`chr. Nt smjuec ah sjihtmn`k engh2 rjehs, rnkmts, rh-

spj`snanentnhs, f`c prnjrntnhs wmnom f sjonhty jr oueturh fssnk`s

tj phjpeh afshc j` tmhnr shx, n.h., ahn`k ifeh jr dhifeh. Smft

chdn`ntnj` ns wrntth` j` f denpomfrt f`c put wmhrh fee stuch`ts

of` shh nt.

8. _tuch`ts frh fsghc nd tmhrh ns f wjrc hqunvfeh`t tj kh`chr n`

tmhnr ef`kufkh. Mjw ns tmft wjrc ushc n` sh`thòhs: Ns nt f

pjsntnvh wjrc n` tmhnr ef`kufkh:


64/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

8= \hfoh Ojrps

JQ,Fotnvnty 12

6. Cnvnch tmh oefss n`tj twj krjups2 fee dhifehs n` j`h krjup f`cfee ifehs n` f`jtmhr krjup. Hfom krjup ns tj kh`hrfth f typnofe

cfney somhcueh djr tmhishevhs, nch`tndyn`k fee jd tmhnr vfrnjus

tfsgs n` tnih aejogs ahkn``n`k wntm tmh tnih tmhy kht jut jd

ahc n` tmh ijr n`k f`c h`cn`k wntm tmh tnih tmhy kj tj ahc n`

tmh hvh`n`k. Smh somhcuehs frh wrntth` j` denpomfrt pfphr jr

jtmhr efrkh pnhohs jd pfphr. Nd tmh krjup omjjshs, tmhy ify cj

f shpfrfth somhcueh djr u`nquh efajr phrnjcs, suom fs mfrvhst-n`k jr somjje vhrsus vfoftnj` phrnjcs.

1. Hfom krjup ns fesj n`struothc tj kh`hrfth f cfney somhcueh djr

tmh jtmhr krjup. Smft ns, dhifeh stuch`ts wnee prhcnot tmh cfney

somhcueh jd ifeh stuch`ts, f`c vnsf vhrsf.

?. Smh twj krjups tmh` prhsh`t tmhnr wjrg tj hfom jtmhr. Smh

thfomhr hòjurfkhs tmh stuch`ts tj n`thrprht tmh cnddhrhòhs nèfajr chif`c (usn`k phroh`tfkhs) f`c n` phrohptnj`s jd

wjrgejfcs. Mfvh stuch`ts sfvh tmns wjrg sj tmft oj`strfn`ts

f`c jppjrtu`ntnhs djr ojiiu`nty prjbhots of` ah djoushc j`

ft tmh h`c jd tmns ehssj`. Sfph omfrts sjihwmhrh n` tmh rjji

sj tmft fee stuch`ts of` hfsney shh tmhi.

N`djriftnj`

6. Xsn`k prhpfrhc denpomfrts, tmh thfomhr prhsh`ts stftnstnofe oj`-

ohpts tj stuch`ts nòeucn`k2 f mnstjkrfi, f pnh omfrt, f afr

krfpm, ihf`, ijch, f`c ihcnf`. Fdthr hfom ojòhpt ns hx-

pefn`hc, stuch`ts frh knvh` f` jppjrtu`nty tj fsg quhstnj`s

f`c kht oefrndnoftnj` fajut tmh ojòhpts. Sfph tmh omfrts sjih-

wmhrh frju`c tmh rjji sj tmft fee stuch`ts frh faeh tj shh

tmhi.

1. Xsn`k n`djriftnj` drji tmh cfney fotnvntnhs hxhronsh jr drji

tmh ojiiu`nty n`thrvnhws, tmh thfomhr n`trjcuohs stuch`ts tj


65/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

8>

tmh ihtmjcjejknhs ushc n` hfom jd tmh stftnstnofe prjohsshs

prhsh`thc.

f) Xsn`k tmh cfney fotnvnty omfrts, ojipneh n`djriftnj`. Hx-

fipeh2 drji ?2


66/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

4< \hfoh Ojrps

1. Qhvnhw f`swhrs f`c fsg stuch`ts wmft gn`c jd pnoturh ns ah-

n`k pfn`thc jd tmhnr ojiiu`nty jr dfiney.

Fppenoftnj`

6. Hvfeuftnj`2

_tuch`ts frh n`struothc tj ush twj jd tmh stftnstnofe tjjes

stucnhc curn`k tmh ehssj` tj ojipneh f`c hvfeufth tmh n`-

djriftnj` kftmhrhc drji tmh n`thrvnhws jr cfney fotnvnty

somhcueh.

Curn`k f wmjeh oefss cnsoussnj`, stuch`ts frh tj ush tmhnr

stftnstnofe f`feysns tj cnsouss mjw kh`chr oj`strfn`ts inkmt

ah omfeeh`khc f`c mjw `hw ojòhpts inkmt ah n`trjcuohc

n`tj tmh ojiiu`nty ft efrkh.

Ojiiu`nty Fotnj`

6. _tuch`ts prhsh`t tmh stftnstnofe f`feysns jd tmhnr n`thrvnhws jr

cfney fotnvnty somhcuehs tj ojiiu`nty ihiahrs curn`k f tjw`

ihhtn`k jr tj tmhnr dfinenhs fs mjihwjrg.

1. _tuch`ts fesj prhsh`t tmh `hw ojòhpts wmnom ojiiu`nty

ihiahrs jr dfinenhs ih`tnj`hc curn`k tmh n`thrvnhws, jr tmhnr

nchfs afshc j` oefss cnsoussnj`, fs wfys tj jvhrojih kh`chroj`strfn`ts. Smh tjw` ihhtn`k jr dfiney ns hòjurfkhc tj cns-

ouss mjw tmh `hw ojòhpts inkmt ah n`trjcuohc.


67/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

46

Fpph`cnx 12

@nkhr2 Qhknj`fe Knres Hcuoftnj` Dhstnvfes

(Dths chs Dneehs)

N` @nkhr, >1 phroh`t jd wjih` of``jt rhfc f stftnstno tmh kjvhr`-

ih`t mfs ifch f ojiintih`t tj omf`kh. Qhfsj`s wmy knres rhprhsh`t

ehss tmf` mfed jd tmh stuch`ts n` ijst @nkhrnh` somjjes nòeuch tmh

`hhc djr knres tj prjvnch efajr f`c omnec ofrh tj mhep tmhnr ijtmhrs,f`c tmh dhfr jd if`y dftmhrs tmft tmhnr cfukmthrs wnee ahojih prhk-

`f`t nd sh`t fwfy tj f`jtmhr tjw` tj pursuh f` hcuoftnj`, fs ns jdth`

`hohssfry n` tmh prhcjin`f`tey rurfe frhfs. Ajtm pfrh`ts hxphot tmhnr

cfukmthrs tj ifrry ay fkh 63 jr 68, f`c dhw shh tmh ah`hdnts jd f`y-

tmn`k ijrh tmf` f rucnih`tfry hcuoftnj`.

\hfoh Ojrps Tjeu`thhrs frh wjrgn`k wntm tmh In`nstry jd Hcuoftnj`,tmhnr ejofe somjjes, ojiiu`ntnhs, pfrh`ts f`c stuch`ts tj omf`kh phr-

ohptnj`s f`c mhep ghhp knres n` somjje. Dths chs Dneehs jr Oheharf-

tnj` jd Knres frh ahojin`k ijrh ojiij` fs tmhy frh usufeey f`

n`hxph`snvh wfy tj rhwfrc knres djr somjefstno fomnhvhih`t, hcuofth

pfrh`ts j` tmh ah`hdnts jd knres hcuoftnj`, n`vjevh ojiiu`nty krjups

n` f pjsntnvh hvh`t, f`c hipjwhr (fesj ah hipjwhrhc ay tmh pfrtnon-

pftnj` jd) ejofe jddnonfes. [mft stfrthc n` tmh hfsthr` tjw` jd Kjurh n`6>>; fs f` hssfy oj`thst wntm knres drji djur tjw`s, ojiiu`nty ihht-

n`ks, shssnj`s wntm suoohssdue wjih`, f` fwfrcs ohrhij`y, ihomjun

(smhhp f`c vhkhtfaeh rjfst) f`c hvh`n`k tfi-tfi cfòh, mfs snòh

ahojih f pjpuefr fotnvnty tmrjukmjut @nkhr.

Smh strh`ktms jd tmns fotnvnty frh nts nòeusnvh`hss f`c tmh wfy nt prj-

vnchs f vhmnoeh djr rhsjurohs tj ojih drji wntmn` tmh ojiiu`nty.Smns rhsuets n` dhhen`ks jd jw`hrsmnp jd tmh hvh`t. Jw`hrsmnp rhsuets

drji tmh djeejwn`k cnih`snj`s jd tmh fotnvnty.


68/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

41 \hfoh Ojrps

6. Ejofe in`nstry jddnonfesfrh hipjwhrhc tmrjukm oj`suetf-

tnj` f`c sjenontn`k tmhnr fpprjvfe f`c pfrtnonpftnj`. Smhy of`

mhep ijanenzh thfomhrs djr hssfy buckn`k, shssnj` dfonentftnj`,

pef``n`k f`c ojiiu`nty fotnvnsi. Smhy ify fesj cj`fth

ajjgs, ph`s, pfphr jthajjgs jr jtmhr prnzhs djr pfrtnonpf`ts.

1. Kjvhrìh`t jddnonfes(suom fs tmh Ifyjr jr chputy ifyjr)

eh`c orhcnanenty f`c shrnjus`hss tj ohrhij`nhs ay ftth`cn`k

jr sphfgn`k n` suppjrt jd tmh hvh`t jr knres hcuoftnj`. Smhy

wnee jdth` fesj cj`fth hqunpih`t (jr fs n` Kjurh cj`fthtwj smhhp djr tmh ihomjun), f`c of` mhep ijanenzh tmh @KJ

ojiiu`nty tj cj`fth trf`spjrtftnj`, jtmhr prnzhs, hto.

?. Srfcntnj`fe ehfchrs(suom fs Omnhds) frh hipjwhrhc ay rh-

quhstn`k tmhnr pfrtnonpftnj` ft jph`n`k, oejsn`k f`c fwfrcs

ohrhij`nhs. Smhy fesj ify oj`trnauth ay ijanenzn`k ih`s

krjups tj cj`fth omfnrs/hqunpih`t f`c mjusn`k djr knres

dftmhrs djr tmh hvh`n`k. Smhy ify cj`fth djjc nthis jr,

chph`cn`k j` tmh trfcntnj`fe h`thrtfnìh`t n` tmh frhf, tmhy

ify dn`fòh jr cj`fth tmh cruiihrs jr cfòh frhf.

3. Shfomhrs frh ghy n` tmh pef``n`k f`c hxhoutnj` jd fee tmh shs-

snj`s, n` dfonentftn`k, kuncn`k cnsoussnj`s, buckn`k hssfys f`c

qunzzhs, utnenzn`k tmhnr oefssrjjis djr hvh`ts, ijanenzn`k tmh

ojiiu`nty f`c, kh`hrfeey, tfgn`k omfrkh sj tmh fotnvnty ifyahojih sustfn`faeh (jr ft tmh vhry ehfst mfvh f efstn`k nipfot).

8. [jih`s f`c Ih`s Krjups frh trhih`cjus rhsjurohs. Smh

wjih` ify foohpt pfyih`t jr cj`fth tmhnr hddjrts ay omfp-

hrj`n`k knres, ojjgn`k ihfes, f`c knvn`k ejofe wjih`s phr-

sphotnvh n` cnsoussnj` krjups. Ih`s krjups ify mjush knres

dftmhrs nd tmhy frh drji jtmhr vneefkhs, tmhy ify pfrtnonpfth n`

cnsoussnj` krjups, mhep rjfst smhhp jr sht up djr ohrhij`nhs.

Smhy fesj mhep ijanenzh tmh ojiiu`nty tj ftth`c tmh ohrhij-

`nhs f`c pfrtnonpfth.


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Hipjwhrn`k Knres

4?

4. Dftmhrs f`c Ijtmhrs jd knres iust knvh phrinssnj` djr tmhi

tj pfrtnonpfth. Ahofush tmhy frh jdth` tmh prnifry chonsnj`-

ifghrs rhkfrcn`k tmhnr cfukmthrs hcuoftnj`, nt ify ah ijrh

hddhotnvh tj n`vnth dftmhrs tj ftth`c fej`k wntm tmh knres sj tmhy

of` ftth`c cnsoussnj` krjup shssnj`s, shh tmhnr cfukmthrs

rhohnvh fwfrcs, f`c cnsouss wntm jtmhr pfrh`ts tmh ah`hdnts jd

knres hcuoftnj`. ^jur hvh`t ify fesj tfgh f cnddhrh`t cnrho-

tnj` f`c oheharfth wjih`s foojipensmih`ts ay mfvn`k

ijtmhrs pfrtnonpfth n` cnsoussnj`s f`c fotnvntnhs.

;. Dhifeh Qjeh Ijches frh pjwhrdue hxfipehs tj rurfe knres

wmj ify `jt h`vnsnj` f endh jutsnch jd suasnsth`oh dfrin`k

f`c omnec-rhfrn`k. _hssnj`s wntm wjih` prjdhssnj`fes engh

thfomhrs, in`nstry jddnonfes, f`c urshs feejw knres tj shh pjsn-

tnvh nifkhs tmft frh rhehvf`t n` tmhnr oueturh.

=. Knres n` prnifry somjjepfrtnonpfth ay f`swhrn`k quhstnj`s

j` f qunz7 tmh tjp sojrhrs frh faeh tj pfrtnonpfth.

>. Knres n` shoj`cfry somjjepfrtnonpfth ay wrntn`k hssfys j`

hcuoftnj` jr wjih`s pfrtnonpftnj` n` sjonhty (tmh tjpno ojuec

ah wmfthvhr tmh krjup tmn`gs ns rhehvf`t). Smjsh wmjsh hssfys

rhohnvh tmh ahst sojrhs frh tmh` faeh tj pfrtnonpfth n` tmh Dhth.

6


70/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

43 \hfoh Ojrps

61. \hfoh Ojrps _tfdd Ihiahrs jr [NC/KFC Ojjrcn`ftjr

ify dfonentfth f`c sphfg wntm ojiiu`nty krjups curn`k tmh

hxhoutnj` jd tmh hvh`t. Smns fccs orhcnanenty tj tmh hvh`t hs-

phonfeey wmh` tmh phrsj`, jr mns/mhr oju`thrpfrt, ns f mjst oju`-

try `ftnj`fe f`c ns faeh tj ojiiu`nofth whee wntm tmh fucn-

hòh.

6?. Tjeu`thhrs Chph`cn`k j` tmh sojph jd tmh fotnvnty, tmhrh ify

ah f ejt jd wjrg Tjeu`thhrs hhc tj cj n` sjenontn`k fssnstfòh

drji if`y sjurohs, shhgn`k sphfghrs, shourn`k cj`ftnj`s,rhoruntn`k dfonentftjrs f`c jatfn`n`k tmh n`vhstih`t jd vfrnjus

jddnonfes f`c krjups. Ahofush tmh n`ntnfe niphtus ify ojih

drji tmh Tjeu`thhr, nt ns u`chrstf`cfaeh tmft if`y ify dhhe

jw`hrsmnp jd tmh fotnvnty jr ft ehfst dhhe f th`chòy tj ahojih

tmh crnvn`k djroh ahmn`c tmh fotnvntys pef``n`k, jrkf`nzftnj`,

du`c rfnsn`k, f`c ojiiu`nty ijanenzftnj`. SmhDth chs Dneehs

ns f` fotnvnty tmft tfghs ej`k-thri pef``n`k, sj tmft nt sjih-tnihs of` ah hfsnhr djr Tjeu`thhrs tj bust cj nt n`sthfc jd

crfwn`k n` pfrtnonpf`ts drji tmh krjups ensthc fajvh. Smns

of` ah f instfgh. Ay mfvn`k pftnhòh wntm tmh cnddhrh`t pfoh

jd pef``n`k f`c tmh vfryn`k ojidjrt ehvhes phjpeh ify mfvh

wntm uòhrtfn`ty (n` if`y Fdrnof` ojiiu`ntnhs, tmhrh ns jd-

th` dfntm tmft hvh`ts wnee mfpph` f`c pfrtnonpf`ts ify `jt

dhhe tmh `hhc tj pef` vhry prhonshey), tmh ojiiu`nty ntshedwnee dhhe tmhy put j` tmns oheharftnj`. Shfomhrs, in`nstry jddn-

onfes f`c ojiiu`nty ehfchrs wnee mfvh oj`trnauthc f`c

pef``hc, f`c rnkmtdueey sj, of` tfgh orhcnt djr tmhnr wjrg. [mh`

tmns mfpph`s, tmhy wnee ah ijrh enghey tj rhphft sninefr hvh`ts

n` tmh duturh f`c tmh Tjeu`thhrs wjrg wnee ah dfr ijrh efstn`k

n` tmh h`c.


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Hipjwhrn`k Knres

48

Mnkmenkmts f`c Tfrnftnj`s n` tjw`s forjss @nkhr2

N` Afehyfrf2_hoj`cfry somjje knres ofih tjkhtmhr tj cnsouss tmh envhsjd wjih` n` @nkhr. Tjeu`thhrs n`vnthc rjeh ijches, nòeucn`k f \hfoh

Ojrps stfdd ihiahr tj ojih f`c cnsouss tmhnr phrsj`fe hxphrnhòhs

f`c tj hxomf`kh phrsphotnvhs j` endh fs f wjif` n` @nkhr. Fdthrwfrcs,

tmh knres hxprhsshc tmhnr tmjukmts f`c dhhen`ks tmrjukm tmh orhftnj` jd

f iurfe.

N` Ifrfcn2 Tjeu`thhrs mhec f` hssfy oj`thst wntm ajys f`c knres tjshh mjw tmhy phrohnvhc tmh rjeh jd @nkhrnh` wjih` f`c cnsousshc tmh

mnstjry jd @ftnj`fe [jih`s Cfy. Hssfy oj`thst wn``hrs ftth`chc f

kjvhrìh`t/@KJ jrkf`nzhc [jih`s Cfy oheharftnj` wntm tmhnr

ijtmhrs f`c rhfc tmhnr hssfys ft tmh dhstnvfe.

N` Gj``n2_nxthh` knres drji vfrnjus vneefkhs ofih tj Gj``n f`c hnkmt

Tjeu`thhrs iht wntm mhfc thfomhr. Smhy tjurhc tmh incceh somjje f`ciht wntm dhifeh rjeh ijches. Smh `hxt cfy, tmh knres wh`t tj wjrg

wntm tmh rjeh ijches f`c n` tmh fdthr`jj` tmhnr dftmhrs frrnvhc f`c

pfrtnonpfthc n` sifee f`c efrkh cnsoussnj` krjups.

N` Kjurh2Smh dhstnvfe arjukmt tjkhtmhr ajtm prnifry f`c shoj`cfry

somjje knres. Smh prnifry somjje knres wrjth hssfys j` tmh nipjrtfòh

jd knres hcuoftnj` f`c sjevhc f iftm prjaehi wmneh tmh shoj`cfrysomjje knres tfeghc wntm dhifeh rjeh ijches. Smh` hvhryj`h ofih tj-

khtmhr tj tfeg fajut tmh hxt shssnj`, tmh` cnvnchc n`tj djur krjups2 6)

dftmhrs 1) yju`khr knres ?) duòtnj`frnhs jr jddnonfes 3) jechr knres.

Smhy wjrghc jut f prjaehi trhh (utnenzn`k f \FOF tjje wmhrh f prja-

ehi ns nch`tndnhc fs f trhh wntm oj`trnautn`k dfotjrs fs tmh rjjts dhhc-

n`k n`tj nt, f`c tmh ehfvhs fs pjssnaeh sjeutnj`s f`c pjsntnvh jutojihs)

fajut knres hcuoftnj` n` @nkhr. Fdthr tmft, tmhy ofih afog fs f efrkhrkrjup wntm hfom sifeehr krjup mfvn`k tmh omfòh tj prhsh`t tmhnr trhh.

Smns prjvhc vhry pjwhrdue ahofush tmh knres mfc `jt mfc tmh jppjrtu-

`nty tj vjnoh tmhnr tmjukmts f`c dhhen`ks j` hcuoftnj` tj tmhnr dftmhrs

f`c ojiiu`nty ihiahrs ahdjrh.


72/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

44 \hfoh Ojrps

N` Sjrjcn2Dnvh hssfy wn``hrs trfvhehc tj tmh `hfray ofpntfe wmhrh

tmhy fth euòm f`c tfeghc wntm tmrhh hcuofthc @nkhrnh` wjih`. Fdthr-

wfrcs, tmhrh wfs f cnsoussnj` jd wjih`s rnkmts u`chr Nsefi f`c tmh

knres rhtur`hc tj Sjrjcn. Smh `hxt cfy, twj \hfoh Ojrps mjst oju`try

`ftnj`fe stfdd ihiahrs ofih tj Sjrjcns incceh somjje tj dfonentfth f

chafth fajut yju`k knres hcuoftnj`. \FOF prjaehi trhhs whrh orhfthc

djeejwhc ay cnsoussnj` f`c tmh` f tfi-tfi.

N` Kfyf2Sfefiaju vneefkhrs phrdjrihc sgnts fajut wmy pfrh`ts smjuec

put tmhnr cfukmthrs n` somjje. Fee somjje omnecrh`, knres f`c ajys, f`c

tmhnr pfrh`ts ftth`chc. Hehvh` dhifeh rjeh ijches spjgh fajut tmhnr

wjrg f`c hipmfsnzhc tmh nipjrtfòh jd hcuoftnj`, wmnom wfs dje-

ejwhc ay euòm f`c dhstnvntnhs.


73/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

4;

Fpph`cnx ?2

_omjje Chvhejpih`t [jrgsmjp2

H`ojurfkn`k Hxoheeh`oh _fipeh Fkh`cf

=2


74/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

4= \hfoh Ojrps

_oh`frnjs2

ju ahojih fwfrh tmft f krfch shvh` ifeh thfomhr mfs ahh`sjenontn`k dfvjrs drji tmh dhifeh stuch`ts. Mjw wjuec yju

chfe wntm tmns prjaehi:

Fwf, f` =tmkrfch knre, cnc `jt ojipehth mhr mjihwjrg efst

`nkmt ahofush smh wfs pju`cn`k rnoh. Smns ns tmh dnrst tnih smh

mfs `jt dn`nsmhc mhr mjihwjrg. Mjw wjuec yju mf`ceh tmns

sntuftnj`:

An`tfs ijtmhr bust mfc f afay. An`tf ns `jw hxphothc tj stfy

mjih drji somjje tj mhep wntm mjush omjrhs. Cj yju try tj

fpphfe tj tmh dfiney sj tmft An`tf ify rhtur` tj somjje: [my

jr wmy `jt:

Irs. _fncy javnjusey trhfts tmh knres n` mhr 4tmkrfch oefss cnd-

dhrh`tey drji tmh ajys. Djr hxfipeh, smh fewfys ofees j` tmh

ajys tj f`swhr quhstnj`s f`c tmh knres cj omjrhs ft somjje. Cj

yju nk`jrh tmh sntuftnj` jr cj yju sphfg up f`c cnsouss nt wntm

sjihj`h: [my jr wmy `jt:

ju `jtnoh tmft shvhrfe krfch hnkmt knres frh oj`stf`tey tryn`k

tj niprhss tmh ajys f`c ifeh thfomhrs ft somjje ay crhssn`k

prjvjoftnvhey. Cj yju chfe wntm tmh sntuftnj` jr bust eht nt ah:

[mft ojursh jd fotnj` wjuec yju tfgh:

Ifif ns f krfch shvh` knre ft yjur somjje wmj dn`cs somjje

omfeeh`kn`k, aut wjrgs mfrc f`c pfsshs mhr hxfis. _mh ojihs

tj yju f`c thees yju smh ns prhk`f`t. Ifif wf`ts tj ojipehth

mhr somjjen`k. [mft smjuec yju cj:

Auaf ns f `n`tm krfch ajy f`c oj`dnchc n` yju tmft mns knre-

drnh`c Ifif ns prhk`f`t. Mh wf`ts tj dn`nsm mns somjjen`k.[mft ns Auafs dfth: Mjw of` yju mhep Auaf:


75/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

4>

Fpph`cnx 32

Niprjvn`k Hcuoftnj`fe Jppjrtu`ntnhs djr

Knres2 Khttn`k Knres N`tj _omjje f`c Ghhpn`k

Smhi Smhrh

Hxohrpts rhprn`thc wntm phrinssnj` drji N`stntuth djr N`thr`ftnj`fe

Qhshfrom Oj`sjrtnui. Smh puaenoftnj` wfs chvhejphc ay tmh NNQ Oj`-

sjrtnui u`chr Oj`trfot #M@H-8=3=-O-


76/86

N` tmh Oefssrjji2

;< \hfoh Ojrps

somjjen`k ns rhehvf`t tj tmhnr envhs7

tmhy pfrtnonpfth dueey n` ehfr`n`k.

Kjvhrìh`t in`nstrnhs f`c pjentnofe ehfchrs of`2

rhcuoh tmh cnrhot f`c n`cnrhot ojsts jd somjjen`k

chvhejp pjenonhs tmft ah`hdnt knres7 henin`fth pu`ntnvh prhk`fòy

pjenonhs7 thfom omnecrh` n` tmh ejwhr krfchs n` mjih ef`kufkhs

tmft tmhy of` u`chrstf`c wntmjut jut-jd-somjje stucy tnih7

chvhejp pjenonhs tj prjthot knres shournty7 hstfaensm fkh jd h`-

try pjenonhs tj h`rjee knres n` somjje f`c ojipehth tmh prnifry

oyoeh ahdjrh puahrty7 hstfaensm thxtajjg pjenonhs tmft prjvnch

ajjgs tj knres f`c eht tmhi tfgh tmhi mjih tj stucy

pefoh f prnjrnty j` suppjrtn`k afsno hcuoftnj` f`c nòrhfsh

du`cn`k djr prnifry hcuoftnj`

orhfth ijrh somjje pefohs ush somjje ifppn`k tj tfrkht u`-

chr-shrvhc ejoftnj`s

n`trjcuoh tmh ush jd cjuaeh-smndts f`c iuetn-krfchs

hstfaensm rhphtntnj` pjenonhs f`c futjiftno prjijtnj` pjenonhs

chvhejp pjenonhs f`c n`trjcuoh nòh`tnvhs tj fttrfot f`c suppjrtdhifeh thfomhrs n` rurfe somjjes

n`trjcuoh dehxnaeh somhcuen`k jd tmh somjje ofeh`cfr

prjvnch tfx ah`hdnts tj pfrh`ts djr sh`cn`k tmhnr cfukmthrs jr

wfrcs tj somjje

oj`cuot sjonfe ifrghtn`k ofipfnk`s tj n`djri tmh ojiiu`nty

fajut tmh ah`hdnts jd hcuoftn`k knres f`c tj ehfr` ijrh fajut

wmy `jt fee knres ftth`c somjje

rhvnsh tmh ourrnoueui tj ifgh nt ijrh rhehvf`t tj tmh hcuoftnj`

jd knres


77/86

Hipjwhrn`k Knres

;6

pefoh f prnjrnty j` chvhejpn`k sonh`oh, iftm f`c thom`jejky

prjkrfis tmft kht knres n`tnifthey n`vjevhc n` ehfr`n`k

rhvnsh thxtajjgs rhpefoh `hkftnvh nifkhs jr sthrhjtyphs

fajut knres f`c wjih`7 n`ojrpjrfth fotnvntnhs

peace corps in the classroom: empowering girls | idea book | m0083_empoweringgirls.pdf

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