pcog - acetate metabolism

7/26/2019 PCog - Acetate Metabolism

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Antibiotics Derived From

Acetate Metabolism

Catarina Cauilan

Angelene Kate Onate


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Acetate Metabolism

Involves head-to-tail condensation of2 carbon units or the formation ofsome type of isoprenoid compound

Derived from polyetides

Deviates the tetracyclines! 2macrolides! a fe" polyenes andgriseofulvin


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#$#%AC&C'I($)

A group of actinomycete antibioticsthat have a broad spectrum andconsiderable therapeutic utility

Chlortetetracycline Demeclocycline

Do*ycycline Methacycline

Minocycline O*ytetracylcine#etracycline


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Chlortetetracycline

+-chlorotetracycline From Streptomyces aureofaciens

First tetracycline antibiotic for

therapeutic responses $mployed in veterinary medicine ,to

treat conunctivitis in cats.

$*ample/ Aureomycin


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Demeclocycline +-chloro-0-demethyltetracycline

Currently used in therapy 1sed orally as the Cl )alt

$*ample/ Declomycin


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Do*ycycline

0-deo*y-3-hydro*ytetracycline

From o*ytetracycline by chemicaldehydration and reduction

$*ample/ Do*y! Do*ychel! 4ibramycin


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Methacycline

From o*ytetracycline by chemical

dehydration

1sed orally as the Cl )alt

$*ample/ %ondomycin


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Minocycline

5y reductive methylation of +-nitro-0-demethyl-0-deo*ytetracylcine

For treating Neisseria gonoorhoeae,"hen penicillin is unavailable.

For carrier states of N. meningitidis

$*ample/ Minocin


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O*ytetracycline

3-hydro*ytetracycline From Streptomyces rimosus

$*ample/ O*ymycin! 1ri-#et


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#etracycline Found in the antibiotic mi*ture of

Streptomyces aureofaciens,6738.

'east e*pensive and mostcommonly utili9ed tetracyclineantibiotic

$*amples/ Achromycin! Cylcine!Cyclopar! #etra-C! #etracap


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A(#I($O:'A)#ICA(#%AC&C'I($

D$%I4A#I4$) Acetate-derived polycyclic metabolites of

actinomycetes

:roduced by cultures of Streptomyces spp; Inhibits D(A dependent %(A synthesis

)$/ nausea! bone marro" depression! hairloss! local tissue necrosis

Daunorobicin Do*orubicin

Mitomycin C :licamycin


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Daunorobicin

Streptomyces coeruleorubidus

#r* of acute lymphotic andnonlymphotic leuemias! usually as acomponent of combinationchemotherapeutic regimens

$*ample/ Cerubidine


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Do*orubicin Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius

:romise in treatment of some acute

leuemia! soft tissue sarcomas! breastcancer! and several types of carcinoma

1sed as a component in combination "ith

chemotherapeutic regimens $*ample/ Adriamycin


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Mitomycin C

Streptomyces caespitosus

#reatment of disseminated

adenocarcinoma of the stomach orpancreas

Alternate drug in advanced

metastatic conditions of various typesthat have become resistant to otherchemotherapeutic responses

$*ample/ Mutamycin


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:licamycin

Streptomyces agrillaceus and S. plicatus

#reatment of disseminated testicularcarcinoma

For symptomatic control in patients "ithhypercalcemia and hypercalcuira secondaryto a variety of advanced neoplasms

$*ample/ Mithracin


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MAC%O'ID$ A(#I5IO#IC) )ynthesi9ed from acetate units

:roducts of both acetate andcarbohydrate metabolism lined to one ormore sugars

Mainly active against


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$rythromycin Streptomyces erythreus

#reatment of 'egionella pneumophila

Commercial product/ $rythromycin A

$*ample/ $-Mycin! $ryc! =yamycin );


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Oleandomycin

)train of Streptomyces antibioticus

#roleandomycin > alternative

$*ample/ #ao


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:O'&$($)

Characteri9ed by a large lactone ring,2? to @@ membered. containing aseries of conugated double bonds

Often mi*tures of closely relatedcompounds

Candida albicans is susceptibe to the

polyenes Cutaneous! intestinal and vaginal

infections of Candida


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:O'&$($)

(o antibacterial activity ,polyenes havea steroid component.

Antifungal action

Acts by destroying the integrity of thecellular membrane of susceptibleorganisms

Amphotericin 5 Candicidin


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Amphotericin 5

Streptomyces nodosus

Commercial product/ must contain not lessthan +3? mcg of Amphotericin 5 per mg

#opical purposes I4/ treatment of life-threatening!

disseminated mycotic infections! such asblastomycosis! systemic candidiasis!

coccidiodomycosis! cryptococcosis!histoplasmosis and moniliasis

$*ample/ Fungi9one


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Candicidin

Streptomyces griseus

Ointment

)uppository for control of vaginalcandidiasis


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(atamycin

Streptomyces natalensis

Classied as a macrolide polyeneantifungal

#reatment of fungal eratitis! aninfection of the eye

$Bective againstAspergillusand

Fusariumcorneal infections


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(ovobiocin

Streptomyces niveus & S. spheroides

Alternate means for controllingpenicillin-resistant staphylococci

Controls some strains of Proteus vulgaris

:encillinase-resistant penicillins andother available antibiotics have

eliminated its use; $*ample/ Albamycin


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(ystatin

A polyene antifungal medication thatis derived from a bacterium!

Streptomyces noursei Infections involving the sin! mouth!

esophagus! and vagina

$*ample/ (yamyc


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pcog - acetate metabolism

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