Rouding, Mussuchusotts HurIov, IngIund - MonIo Purk, CuIilorniu ov York - Don MiIIs, Onturio - Svdnov onn - Tokvo - nstordun - Moxico Citv - SoouISun !uun - Mudrid - Singuoro - Puris - Tuioi - MiIunMunv ol tho dosignutions usod hv nunulucturors und soIIors to distinguish thoir roducts uro cIuinod us trudonurks. Whoro thoso dosignutors uour in this hook, und ddisonWosIov vus uvuro ol tho trudonurk cIuin, tho dosignutions huvo hoon rintod in initiuI cuituI Iottors or uII cuituI Iottors.Tho uuthors und uhIishors huvo tukon curo in rourution ol this hook, hut nuko no oxrossod or inIiod vurruntv ol unv kind und ussuno no rosonsihiIitv lor orrors or onissions. o IiuhiIitv is ussunod lor incidontuI or consoquontiuI dunugos in connoction vith or urising out ol tho uso ol tho inlornution or rogruns contuinod horoin.Iihrurv ol Congross CutuIoginginPuhIicution DutuIS. O2O18O9742Covright 1999 hv MindShuro, Inc.II rights rosorvod. o urt ol this uhIicution nuv ho roroducod, storod in u rotriovuI svston, or trunsnittod, in unv lorn or hv unv nouns, oIoctronic, nochunicuI, hotocoving, rocording, or othorviso, vithout tho rior vritton ornission ol tho uhIishor. Printod in tho Initod Stutos ol noricu. PuhIishod sinuItunoousIv in Cunudu.Sonsoring Iditor. Pro|oct Munugor. Covor Dosign. Sot in 1O oint PuIutino hv MindShuro, Inc.1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8 9M999897Iirst Printing, Muv 1999ddisonWosIov hooks uvuiIuhIo lor huIk urchusos hv cororutions, institutions, und othor orgunizutions. Ior noro inlornution Iouso contuct tho Cororuto, Govornnont, und SociuI SuIos Dourtnont ut (8OO) 2889b82.Iind W DovoIoors Pross on tho WorIdWido Woh ut.htt.vvvuv.condovrossIor nv durIin uncv- - - - - - - - - -- - Hox otution ........................................................................................................................ 5inurv otution.................................................................................................................... 5DocinuI otution................................................................................................................. 5SignuI uno Rorosontution.............................................................................................. 5Idontilicution ol it IioIds (IogicuI grous ol hits or signuIs) ........................................ b - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - --- - - - - - - PCI CIock SignuI (CIK) ..................................................................................................... 84CIKRI# SignuI ............................................................................................................... 85Doscrition................................................................................................................... 85chioving CIKRI# onolit On ddIn Curds ................................................... 8bRosot SignuI (RST#) ............................................................................................................ 87-- - - - -- - - - - - - Dutu Puritv Irror ................................................................................................................ 44Svston Irror ....................................................................................................................... 45 - - - - - - - - - - - - - uckground......................................................................................................................... 58Tuning Suhtructivo Docodor............................................................................................. 5b - - -- - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - Mustor Must Trunslor Dutu Within 8 CIKs.................................................................... 7bIRDY# Doussortod In CIock ltor Iust Dutu Trunslor .................................................. 77Iutoncv Tinor Koos Mustor Iron MonooIizing us................................................ 78Iocution und Puroso ol Mustor Iutoncv Tinor .................................................... 78Hov IT Works............................................................................................................ 79Is InIonontution ol IT Rogistor Mundutorv7 ...................................................... 8OCun IT VuIuo o Hurdvirod7................................................................................... 8OHov Doos Soltvuro Dotornino TinosIico To o IIocutod To Mustor7............. 8OTroutnont ol Monorv Writo und InvuIiduto Connund....................................... 8O - GonoruI................................................................................................................................. 81Turgot Must Trunslor Dutu IxoditiousIv...................................................................... 81GonoruI ......................................................................................................................... 81Tho Iirst Dutu Phuso RuIo.......................................................................................... 82GonoruI .................................................................................................................. 82Mustors Rosonso To Rotrv............................................................................... 82Sonotinos Turgot Cunt Trunslor Iirst Dutu Within 1b CIKs ...................... 82Turgot IroquontIv Cunt Trunslor Iirst Dutu Within 1b CIKs ...................... 88Tvo Ixcotions To Iirst Dutu Phuso RuIo ....................................................... 88Suhsoquont Dutu Phuso RuIo..................................................................................... 84GonoruI .................................................................................................................. 84In Dutu Phuso und Cunnot Trunslor Dutu Within 8 CIocks ........................... 84OK In This Dutu Phuso, ut Cunt Moot RuIo In oxt Ono ........................... 84Mustors Rosonso To u Disconnoct .................................................................. 84Turgots Suhsoquont Iutoncv und Mustors Iutoncv Tinor........................... 85Turgot Iutoncv During InitiuIizution Tino..................................................................... 85InitiuIizution Tino vs. Run Tino .............................................................................. 85Dolinition ol InitiuIizution Tino und ohuvior (oloro 2.2) ................................. 85Dolinition ol InitiuIizution Tino und ohuvior (2.2).............................................. 8b-DoIuvod Trunsuctions ........................................................................................................ 8bTho ProhIon................................................................................................................. 8bTho SoIution................................................................................................................. 8bInlornution Monorizod ............................................................................................ 88Mustor und Turgot ctions During DoIuvod Trunsuction..................................... 88Connunds Thut Cun Iso DoIuvod Trunsuctions .................................................. 89Roquost ot ConIotod und Turgotod guin ........................................................ 89SociuI CvcIo Monitoring WhiIo Procossing Roquost............................................ 89Discurd ol DoIuvod Roquosts .................................................................................... 9OMuItiIo DoIuvod Roquosts lron Suno Mustor...................................................... 9ORoquost Ououing In Turgot ....................................................................................... 9ODiscurd ol DoIuvod ConIotions.............................................................................. 91Roud Iron ProlotchuhIo Monorv ..................................................................... 91Mustor Turdv In Roouting Trunsuction........................................................... 91Roorting Discurd ol Dutu On u Roud.............................................................. 91HundIing MuItiIo Dutu Phusos................................................................................ 92Mustor or Turgot hort HundIing ............................................................................ 92Whut Is ProlotchuhIo Monorv7................................................................................. 98DoIuvod Roud Prolotch............................................................................................... 98- - GonoruI................................................................................................................................. 94Conhining........................................................................................................................... 94vto Morging ...................................................................................................................... 95CoIIusing Is Iorhiddon.................................................................................................... 95 - - - Introduction...................................................................................................................... 1OOuckground....................................................................................................................... 1O1HostPCI ridgo HundIing ol Intorrut cknovIodgo............................................. 1O4PCI Intorrut cknovIodgo Trunsuction ..................................................................... 1O4PovorPC PRoP HundIing ol ITR................................................................................ 1Ob GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 1O7SociuI CvcIo Gonorution Indor Soltvuro ControI..................................................... 1O9SociuI CvcIo Trunsuction............................................................................................... 11OSingIoDutu Phuso SociuI CvcIo Trunsuction....................................................... 11OMuItiIo Dutu Phuso SociuI CvcIo Trunsuction................................................... 112 - --- Turgot Suort Ior uIk Connunds Is OtionuI ....................................................... 118Cucho Iino Sizo Rogistor nd tho uIk Connunds................................................... 118uIk Connunds ro OtionuI Porlornunco Inhunconont TooIs........................... 115ridgos Must Discurd Prolotchod Dutu ot Consunod v Mustor.......................... 11bWriting Monorv .............................................................................................................. 117Monorv Writo Connund ....................................................................................... 117Monorv WritoundInvuIiduto Connund............................................................ 117ProhIon............................................................................................................... 117Doscrition ol Monorv WritoundInvuIiduto Connund........................... 118Moro Inlornution On Monorv Trunslors .................................................................... 119 - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - vto InuhIos Prosontod on Intrv To Dutu Phuso......................................................... 18Ovto InuhIos Muv Chungo In Iuch Dutu Phuso ........................................................... 181Dutu Phuso vith o vto InuhIos ssortod................................................................. 181Turgot vith Iinitod vto InuhIo Suort.................................................................... 182RuIo lor SunIing ol vto InuhIos ................................................................................ 182Cusos Whoro vto InuhIos Cun o Ignorod ................................................................. 188 -- -- - - - - -- -- -- Tho Sturt ddross............................................................................................................. 148ddrossing Soquonco During Monorv urst.............................................................. 148Iinour (SoquontiuI) Modo ........................................................................................ 144Cucho Iino Wru Modo ........................................................................................... 144Whon Turgot Doosnt Suort Sotting on D|1.O| .............................................. 145- -- Do ot Morgo Procossor IO Writos............................................................................... 14bGonoruI............................................................................................................................... 14bDocodo v Dovico Thut Ovns Intiro IO Dvord......................................................... 147Docodo hv Dovico With 8it or 1bit Ports ............................................................... 147Insuortod vto InuhIo Conhinution RosuIts in Turgot hort ............................ 148uII Iirst Dutu Phuso Is IoguI ........................................................................................ 149IO ddross Munugonont................................................................................................ 149X8b Procossor Cunnot Porlorn IO urst ............................................................... 149urst IO ddross Countor Munugonont............................................................... 15OWhon IO Turgot Doosnt Suort MuItiDutu Phuso Trunsuctions .......................... 15OIogucv IO Docodo ............................................................................................................ 151Whon Iogucv IO Dovico Ovns Intiro Dvord...................................................... 151Whon Iogucv IO Dovico Doosnt Ovn Intiro Dvord......................................... 151 - - -- Docision to InIonont Iust ucktouck CuuhiIitv ................................................ 155Sconurio 1. Mustor Guuruntoos Iuck ol Contontion.................................................... 1551st Must o Writo, 2nd Is Roud or Writo, ut Suno Turgot ................................ 155Hov CoIIision voidod On SignuIs Drivon v Turgot ....................................... 159Hov Turgots Rocognizo ov Trunsuction Hus ogun ....................................... 159Iust ucktouck und Mustor hort...................................................................... 159Sconurio Tvo. Turgots Guuruntoo Iuck ol Contontion............................................... 1bO-- dvuntugos. Dininishod Curront Druin und CrosstuIk............................................. 1b2Whv Turgots Dont Iutch ddross During Stoing Procoss ................................... 1b8Dutu Stoing ................................................................................................................... 1b8Hov Dovico Indicutos hiIitv to Iso Stoing ........................................................... 1b8Dosignor Muv Sto ddross, Dutu, PR (und PRb4) und IDSII........................... 1b4Continuous und Discroto Stoing................................................................................ 1b5Disudvuntugos ol Stoing............................................................................................. 1b5Proontion WhiIo Stoing in Progross....................................................................... 1bbrokon Mustor................................................................................................................... 1b7Stoing IxunIo ............................................................................................................ 1b7Whon ot to Iso Stoing............................................................................................. 1b8Who Must Suort Stoing7........................................................................................ 1b9 - - -Mustor Proontod............................................................................................................ 172Introduction............................................................................................................... 172Proontion During TinosIico................................................................................. 178TinosIico Ixirution IoIIovod hv Proontion.................................................... 174Mustor hort. Turgot Doosnt CIuin Trunsuction....................................................... 17bIntroduction............................................................................................................... 17bddrossing onIxistont Dovico ........................................................................... 17bornuI Rosonso To SociuI CvcIo Trunsuction.................................................. 17bConligurution Trunsuction IncIuinod.................................................................. 17bo Turgot WiII CIuin Trunsuction Ising Rosorvod Connund......................... 177Mustor hort On SingIo vs. MuItiIoDutu Phuso Trunsuction.......................... 177Mustor hort on SingIo Dutu Phuso Trunsuction.................................................. 177Mustor hort on MuItiDutu Phuso Trunsuction .................................................. 178ction Tukon hv Mustor in Rosonso to Mustor hort ....................................... 18OGonoruI ................................................................................................................ 18OMustor hort On SociuI CvcIo Trunsuction.................................................. 18OMustor hort On Conligurution ccoss......................................................... 18O STOP# SignuI Puts Turgot In tho Drivors Sout ............................................................ 18OSTOP# ot Pornittod During Turnround CvcIo .................................................... 181Disconnoct ......................................................................................................................... 181Rosuntion ol Disconnoctod Trunsuction Is OtionuI........................................ 181Rousons Turgot Issuos Disconnoct .......................................................................... 181Turgot SIov to ConIoto Suhsoquont Dutu Phuso........................................ 181Turgot Doosnt Suort urst Modo............................................................... 182Monorv Turgot Doosnt Indorstund ddrossing Soquonco ...................... 182Trunslor Crossos Ovor Turgots ddross oundurv..................................... 188urst Monorv Trunslor Crossos Cucho Iino oundurv............................... 188Disconnoct With Dutu Trunslor ( und )............................................................. 184Disconnoct ...................................................................................................... 184Disconnoct ....................................................................................................... 184Disconnoct Without Dutu Trunslor......................................................................... 18bDisconnoct Without Dutu TrunslorTvo 1.................................................. 18bDisconnoct Without Dutu TrunslorTvo 2.................................................. 187Rotrv................................................................................................................................... 189Rousons Turgot Issuos Rotrv.................................................................................... 189Turgot Vorv SIov to ConIoto Iirst Dutu Phuso........................................... 189Snoo Hit on Modiliod Cucho Iino ................................................................ 19ORosourco usv .................................................................................................... 19Oridgo Iockod .................................................................................................... 19ODoscrition ol Rotrv ................................................................................................. 19ORotrv Issuod und IRDY# Iroudv ssortod .......................................................... 191-Rotrv Issuod und IRDY# ot Yot ssortod ........................................................... 192Turgot hort...................................................................................................................... 194Doscrition................................................................................................................. 194Sono Rousons Turgot Issuos Turgot hort ............................................................ 195rokon Turgot ..................................................................................................... 195IO ddrossing Irror ....................................................................................... 195ddross Phuso Puritv Irror.............................................................................. 195Mustor hort on Othor Sido ol PCItoPCI ridgo ....................................... 195Mustors Rosonso to Turgot hort ........................................................................ 195Turgot hort IxunIo.............................................................................................. 19bltor RotrvDisconnoct, Roout Roquost SP ......................................................... 197GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 197ohuvior ol Dovico Contuining MuItiIo Mustors................................................ 197 - Dutu Puritv Gonorution und Chocking on Roud........................................................... 2O1Introduction............................................................................................................... 2O1IxunIo urst Roud ................................................................................................. 2O2Dutu Puritv Gonorution und Chocking on Writo.......................................................... 2O5Introduction............................................................................................................... 2O5IxunIo urst Writo ................................................................................................ 2O5Dutu Puritv Roorting...................................................................................................... 2O9GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 2O9Mustor Cun Chooso ot To ssort PIRR#............................................................ 2O9Puritv Irror During Roud ........................................................................................ 2O9Inortunt oto Rogurding Chisots Thut Monitor PIRR#................................ 21OPuritv Irror During Writo ....................................................................................... 21ODutu Puritv Irror Rocovorv ............................................................................................ 212SociuI Cuso. Dutu Puritv Irror During SociuI CvcIo................................................ 218Dovicos IxcIudod lron PIRR# Roquironont .............................................................. 218Chisots...................................................................................................................... 218Dovicos Thut Dont DouI vith OSIicution Progrun or Dutu..................... 214 ddross Phuso Puritv....................................................................................................... 215ddross Phuso Puritv Gonorution und Chocking................................................. 215ddross Phuso Puritv Irror Roorting .................................................................. 217Svston Irrors.................................................................................................................... 218-GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 218ddross Phuso Puritv Irror..................................................................................... 218Dutu Puritv Irror During SociuI CvcIo................................................................. 218Mustor ol MSI Rocoivos un Irror ............................................................................ 218Turgot hort Dotoction ............................................................................................ 219Othor PossihIo Cuusos ol Svston Irror ................................................................. 219Dovicos IxcIudod lron SIRR# Roquironont ....................................................... 219 - - - -- - - - - - - - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 225Routing Roconnondution In PCI Socilicution.......................................................... 28OIOS Knovs Intorrut Truco Iuvout......................................................................... 281WoIIDosignod Chisot Hus ProgrunnuhIo Intorrut Routor.................................. 281Intorrut Routing Inlornution....................................................................................... 282 GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 288Iinding tho TuhIo ............................................................................................................. 284 - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 289Sto 1. InitiuIizo II Intrios To Point To Dunnv HundIor ....................................... 24OSto 2. InitiuIizo II Intrios Ior Inhoddod Dovicos .................................................. 241Sto 8. Hook Intrios Ior Inhoddod Dovico IOS Routinos ..................................... 241Sto 4. Porlorn Ixunsion us ROM Scun .................................................................. 241Sto 5. Porlorn PCI Dovico Scun ................................................................................... 242Sto b. Ioud OS ................................................................................................................ 248Sto 7. OS Iouds und CuII Drivors InitiuIizution Codo ............................................. 248- - - IxunIo Sconurio............................................................................................................. 244oth Dovicos SinuItunoousIv Gonoruto Roquosts....................................................... 24bProcossor Intorrutod und Roquosts Voctor................................................................. 24bIirst HundIor Ixocutod ................................................................................................... 249!un to oxt Drivor in Iinkod Iist .............................................................................. 249!un to Dunnv HundIor. ControI Pussod uck to Intorrutod Progrun.............. 249- - - -- - Introduction...................................................................................................................... 252dvuntugos ol MSI Intorruts........................................................................................ 252usics ol MSI Conligurution........................................................................................... 252usics ol Gonoruting un MSI Intorrut Roquost .......................................................... 254Hov Is tho Monorv Writo Troutod hv ridgos7.......................................................... 255Monorv Iroudv Svncd Whon Intorrut HundIor Intorod ..................................... 25bTho ProhIon............................................................................................................... 25bTho OId Wuv ol SoIving tho ProhIon.................................................................... 25bHov MSI SoIvos tho ProhIon................................................................................. 25bIntorrut Iutoncv ............................................................................................................. 257MSI ro onShurod....................................................................................................... 257MSI Is u ov CuuhiIitv Tvo ....................................................................................... 258Doscrition ol tho MSI CuuhiIitv Rogistor Sot ........................................................... 259CuuhiIitv ID ............................................................................................................. 259Pointor To oxt ov CuuhiIitv ............................................................................ 259Mossugo ControI Rogistor ........................................................................................ 259Mossugo ddross Rogistor....................................................................................... 2b1Mossugo Dutu Rogistor ............................................................................................. 2b2Mossugo Writo Cun Huvo ud Inding.......................................................................... 2b2Rotrv or Disconnoct .................................................................................................. 2b2Mustor or Turgot hort Rocoivod ........................................................................... 2b2Writo RosuIts In Dutu Puritv Irror ......................................................................... 2b8Sono RuIos, Roconnondutions, otc. ............................................................................. 2b8 - -- -- - - - - - - - - ProhIon. u b4hit Curd in u 82hit PCI Connoctor ....................................................... 2b8Hov b4hit Curd Dotorninos Tvo ol SIot InstuIIod In.............................................. 2b9 - OnIv Monorv Connunds Muv Iso b4hit Trunslors................................................. 271Sturt ddross OuudvordIignod................................................................................ 271b4hit Turgots Intorrotution ol ddross.............................................................. 27282hit Turgots Intorrotution ol ddross.............................................................. 272b4hit Initiutor und b4hit Turgot.................................................................................... 272b4hit Initiutor und 82hit Turgot.................................................................................... 27buII Dutu Phuso IxunIo ............................................................................................... 28O-82hit Initiutor und b4hit Turgot.................................................................................... 282Porlorning Ono b4hit Trunslor..................................................................................... 282With b4hit Turgot ..................................................................................................... 288With 82hit Turgot ..................................................................................................... 284SinIor und !ust us Iust. Iso 82hit Trunslors...................................................... 284With Knovn b4hit Turgot ....................................................................................... 284Disconnoct on InitiuI Dutu Phuso............................................................................ 287 -- Isod to ddross Monorv hovo 4G.......................................................................... 287Introduction...................................................................................................................... 288b4hit ddrossing ProtocoI ............................................................................................. 288b4hit ddrossing hv 82hit Initiutor...................................................................... 288b4hit ddrossing hv b4hit Initiutor...................................................................... 29182hit Initiutor ddrossing hovo 4G................................................................. 295Suhtructivo Docodo Tining lloctod............................................................................ 295Mustor hort Tining lloctod....................................................................................... 29bddross Stoing............................................................................................................. 29bIRMI# Tining in SingIo Dutu Phuso Trunsuction ................................................... 29b ddross Phuso Puritv....................................................................................................... 297PRb4 ot Isod lor SingIo ddross Phuso.......................................................... 297PRb4 ot Isod lor DuuIddross Phusos hv 82hit Mustor ............................ 297PRb4 Isod lor DC hv b4hit Mustor Whon Roquosting b4hit Trunslors .... 297Dutu Phuso Puritv............................................................................................................. 297 -- - bbMHzCuuhIo Stutus it.............................................................................................. 8OOMbbI SignuI ................................................................................................................... 8O1Hov CIock Gonorutor Sots Its Iroquoncv..................................................................... 8O1- - - - -- -- - - - - -- - -- - - - - -- - - Introduction...................................................................................................................... 818Cuso 1. Turgot us Is PCI us O...................................................................................... 819Cuso 2. Turgot us Is Suhordinuto To us O ................................................................. 819- - --- - -- - - uckground....................................................................................................................... 828Conligurution Mochunisn #1 Doscrition ................................................................... 824GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 824Conligurution ddross Port.................................................................................... 825us Conuro und Dutu Port Isugo........................................................................ 82bSingIo HostPCI ridgo ........................................................................................... 827MuItiIo HostPCI ridgos ..................................................................................... 827Soltvuro Gonorution ol SociuI CvcIos ......................................................................... 829 - - - usic Conligurution #2 Mochunisn............................................................................... 881Conligurution Suco InuhIo, or CSI, Rogistor............................................................. 888Iorvurd Rogistor.............................................................................................................. 888Suort lor Poor ridgos on Host us .......................................................................... 884Gonorution ol SociuI CvcIos .......................................................................................... 884 - - ddross Phuso .................................................................................................................. 885InIonontution ol IDSII............................................................................................... 888Mothod OnoIDSIIs Routod Ovor Inusod D Iinos ..................................... 888Mothod TvoIDSII Outut PinsTrucos .......................................................... 84ORosistivoCouIing Mouns Stoing In Tvo O Trunsuctions............................. 841Dutu Phuso Intorod, Docodo ogins.............................................................................. 841Tvo O Conligurution Trunsuction IxunIos .............................................................. 842- -- Doscrition........................................................................................................................ 844SociuI CvcIo Roquost ...................................................................................................... 84b - - - -- -- -- -- Introduction...................................................................................................................... 854Rogistors Isod to Idontilv Dovicos Drivor .................................................................. 854Vondor ID Rogistor ................................................................................................... 854Dovico ID Rogistor .................................................................................................... 854Suhsvston Vondor ID und Suhsvston ID Rogistors............................................ 855Puroso ol This Rogistor Puir........................................................................... 855Must Contuin VuIid Dutu Whon Iirst ccossod............................................ 85bRovision ID Rogistor ................................................................................................. 85bCIuss Codo Rogistor .................................................................................................. 85bGonoruI ................................................................................................................ 85bPuroso ol CIuss Codo Rogistor....................................................................... 85bProgrunning Intorluco vto............................................................................ 857Connund Rogistor .......................................................................................................... 8b8Stutus Rogistor .................................................................................................................. 871Houdor Tvo Rogistor...................................................................................................... 875 -- Introduction...................................................................................................................... 875Cucho Iino Sizo Rogistor ................................................................................................. 87bIutoncv Tinor. TinosIico Rogistor............................................................................. 87bIST Rogistor..................................................................................................................... 877uso ddross Rogistors (Rs)...................................................................................... 878MonorvMuing Roconnondod......................................................................... 879Monorv uso ddross Rogistor.............................................................................. 88ODocodor Width IioId......................................................................................... 88OProlotchuhIo ttrihuto it ................................................................................. 88Ouso ddross IioId ............................................................................................ 881IO uso ddross Rogistor ........................................................................................ 882Introduction........................................................................................................ 882Doscrition ......................................................................................................... 882PCConutihIo IO Docodor ............................................................................. 882Iogucv IO Docodors .......................................................................................... 888Dotornining Iock Sizo und ssigning ddross Rungo ..................................... 884-Hov It Works..................................................................................................... 884 Monorv IxunIo .......................................................................................... 884n IO IxunIo................................................................................................... 885SnuIIostIurgost Docodor Sizos ............................................................................. 885SnuIIostIurgost Monorv Docodors.............................................................. 885SnuIIostIurgost IO Docodors......................................................................... 885Ixunsion ROM uso ddross Rogistor....................................................................... 88bCurdus CIS Pointor........................................................................................................ 888Intorrut Pin Rogistor...................................................................................................... 888Intorrut Iino Rogistor .................................................................................................... 888Min_Gnt Rogistor. TinosIico Roquost ........................................................................... 889Mux_Iut Rogistor. PrioritvIovoI Roquost.................................................................... 89O - Conligurution Houdor Suco ot Iurgo Inough........................................................ 89ODiscovoring Thut ov CuuhiIitios Ixist..................................................................... 89OWhut tho ov CuuhiIitios Iist Iooks Iiko................................................................. 898GP CuuhiIitv ................................................................................................................ 894GP Stutus Rogistor ................................................................................................. 895GP Connund Rogistor ......................................................................................... 895VituI Product Dutu (VPD) CuuhiIitv............................................................................ 897Introduction............................................................................................................... 897Its ot RouIIv VituI .................................................................................................. 898Whut Is VPD7 ............................................................................................................ 898Whoro Is tho VPD RouIIv Storod7 ........................................................................... 898VPD On Curds vs. Inhoddod PCI Dovicos .......................................................... 898Hov Is VPD ccossod7............................................................................................ 898Rouding VPD Dutu............................................................................................. 899Writing VPD Dutu.............................................................................................. 899RuIos Thut Iv To oth Roud und Writos ................................................. 899VPD Dutu Structuro Mudo I ol Doscritors und Kovvords ........................... 4OOVPD RoudOnIv Doscritor (VPDR) und Kovvords.......................................... 4O2Is RoudOnIv Chocksun Kovvord Mundutorv7 .................................................. 4O4VPD RoudWrito Doscritor (VPDW) und Kovvords ...................................... 4O5IxunIo VPD Iist..................................................................................................... 4Ob- - - - - - -- MuItiIo Codo Inugos ..................................................................................................... 415-Iornut ol u Codo Inugo.................................................................................................. 418GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 418ROM Houdor Iornut................................................................................................ 419ROM Signuturo .................................................................................................. 42OProcossorrchitocturo Iniquo Dutu............................................................. 42OPointor to ROM Dutu Structuro ....................................................................... 421ROM Dutu Structuro Iornut ................................................................................... 421ROM Signuturo .................................................................................................. 428Vondor ID lioId in ROM dutu structuro ......................................................... 428Dovico ID in ROM dutu structuro.................................................................... 428Pointor to VituI Product Dutu (VPD)............................................................... 428PCI Dutu Structuro Iongth............................................................................... 428PCI Dutu Structuro Rovision ............................................................................ 428CIuss Codo .......................................................................................................... 424Inugo Iongth...................................................................................................... 424Rovision IovoI ol CodoDutu .......................................................................... 424Codo Tvo........................................................................................................... 424Indicutor vto..................................................................................................... 424 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 427InivorsuI Dovico Drivor Iornut.................................................................................... 428Pussing Rosourco Iist To PIugundPIuv OS................................................................ 429IOS CuIIs us Inunorutors Ior Dilloront us Invironnonts ......................... 429IOS SoIocts oot Dovicos und Iinds Drivors Ior Thon.................................... 48OIOS oots PIugundPIuv OS und Pussos Pointor To It ..................................... 48OOS Iocutos und Iouds Drivors und CuIIs Init Codo In ouch............................... 48O Movod Iron ROM to Conligurution Suco in 2.2....................................................... 481VPD InIonontution in 2.1 Soc................................................................................... 481Dutu Structuro................................................................................................................... 481 - - - 82 und b4hit Connoctors ............................................................................................... 48782hit Connoctor........................................................................................................ 442Curd Prosont SignuIs ......................................................................................... 448RIOb4# und CKb4# ........................................................................................ 444b4hit Connoctor........................................................................................................ 4458.8V und 5V Connoctors.................................................................................................. 445InivorsuI Curd ................................................................................................................. 44bShurod SIot ........................................................................................................................ 44b-Risor Curd.......................................................................................................................... 448Snoo RosuIt SignuIs on ddin Connoctor................................................................. 449 - 8.8V, 5V und InivorsuI Curds ........................................................................................ 449Iong und Short Iorn Curds ........................................................................................... 449SnuII PCI (SPCI)............................................................................................................... 45OCononont Iuvout.......................................................................................................... 45OMuintuin Intogritv ol oundurv Scun Chuin................................................................ 452Curd Povor Roquironont ............................................................................................... 452Muxinun Curd Truco Iongths ...................................................................................... 458Ono Ioud or Shurod SignuI........................................................................................... 458 - - - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 45bSvston Sturt I................................................................................................................ 458 - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 4bOttontion Indicutor und OtionuI SIot Stuto Indicutor ............................................... 4b1OtionPovor IuuIt Dotoctor ...................................................................................... 4b2OtionTrucking Svston Povor Isugo ...................................................................... 4b2 - - On und Oll Stutos ............................................................................................................. 4b8Dolinition ol On und Oll.......................................................................................... 4b8Turning SIot On......................................................................................................... 4b8Turning SIot Oll ........................................................................................................ 4b8usic Curd RonovuI Procoduro...................................................................................... 4b4usic Curd Insortion Procoduro ..................................................................................... 4b5- GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 4bbPuusing u Drivor (OtionuI) ........................................................................................... 4bbShurod Intorrut Must o HundIod CorroctIv ............................................................. 4b7Ouioscing u Drivor Thut ControIs MuItiIo Dovicos................................................... 4b7Ouioscing u IuiIod Curd.................................................................................................. 4b7- --- - - - PhvsicuI SIot ID................................................................................................................. 4b9IogicuI SIot ID.................................................................................................................. 47OPCI us unhor, Dovico unhor ................................................................................ 47OTrunsIuting SIot IDs ......................................................................................................... 47O - - --- --- --- SIot Povor Roquirononts................................................................................................ 47bCurd Connoctod To Dovico With Souruto Povor Sourco ......................................... 477 - - - usics ol PC PM................................................................................................................ 48OOnov Dosign Initiutivo Schono Dolinos OvoruII PM............................................. 482GouIs ........................................................................................................................... 488Curront PIutlorn Shortconings ............................................................................. 488o Cooorution nong Svston Conononts.............................................. 488ddon Conononts Do ot Purticiuto In PM........................................... 488Curront PM Schonos IuiI Purosos ol Onov GouIs................................. 488InstuIIing ov Dovicos StiII Too Hurd........................................................... 484s GonoruIIv ssuno Svston IuIIv On t II Tinos............................. 484Svston PM Stutos ...................................................................................................... 484Dovico PM Stutos....................................................................................................... 485Dolinition ol Dovico Contoxt................................................................................... 48bGonoruI ................................................................................................................ 48bPM Ivont (PMI) Contoxt ................................................................................. 487Dovico CIussSocilic PM Socilicutions ............................................................... 488DoluuIt Dovico CIuss Socilicution.................................................................. 488Dovico CIussSocilic PM Socilicutions ........................................................ 488Povor Munugonont PoIicv Ovnor ........................................................................ 489GonoruI ................................................................................................................ 489In Windovs OS Invironnont.......................................................................... 489PCI Povor Munugonont vs. CPI ................................................................................ 489PCI us Drivor ccossos PCI Conligurution und PM Rogistors ........................ 489CPI Drivor ControIs onStundurd Inhoddod Dovicos ................................. 489Sono IxunIo Sconurios ......................................................................................... 491SconurioRostoro Iunction To Povorod I Stuto ...................................... 492-SconurioOS Wishos To Povor Dovn us .................................................. 494SconurioSotu u IunctionSocilic Svston WukoI Ivont..................... 495 - Iogucv PCI Dovicoso Stundurd PM Mothod......................................................... 497Dovico Suort lor PCI PM OtionuI ........................................................................... 497Discovoring Iunctions PM CuuhiIitv......................................................................... 497Povor MunugonontPCI us vs. PCI Iunction ........................................................ 5OOridgoOriginuting Dovico lor u Socondurv PCI us ........................................ 5OOPCI us PM Stutos..................................................................................................... 5OOus PM Stuto vs. PM Stuto ol tho PCI Iunctions On tho us ............................. 5O8us PM Stuto Trunsitions ................................................................................................ 5O5Iunction PM Stutos .......................................................................................................... 5O5DO StutoIuII On..................................................................................................... 5ObDO IninitiuIizod................................................................................................. 5ObDO ctivo ............................................................................................................ 5ObD1 StutoIight SIoo............................................................................................... 5O7D2 StutoDoo SIoo............................................................................................... 5O9D8IuII Oll .............................................................................................................. 511D8Hot Stuto......................................................................................................... 511D8CoId Stuto....................................................................................................... 518Iunction PM Stuto Trunsitions................................................................................ 514DotuiIod Doscrition ol PM Rogistors ........................................................................... 517PM CuuhiIitios (PMC) Rogistor............................................................................. 518PM ControIStutus (PMCSR) Rogistor .................................................................. 52ODutu Rogistor ............................................................................................................. 524Dotornining Prosonco ol Dutu Rogistor.......................................................... 524Oorution ol tho Dutu Rogistor ........................................................................ 525MuItiIunction Dovicos .................................................................................... 525PCItoPCI ridgo Povor Dutu ........................................................................ 525PCItoPCI ridgo Suort Ixtonsions Rogistor .................................................. 527DotuiIod Doscrition ol PM Ivonts ............................................................................... 529Tvo ov PinsPMI# und 8.8Vuux ..................................................................... 529Whut Is u PM Ivont7 ................................................................................................ 529IxunIo Sconurio...................................................................................................... 529RuIos ssociutod With PMI#s InIonontution ................................................. 582IxunIo PMI# Circuit Dosign ............................................................................... 5888.8Vuux....................................................................................................................... 584Cun u Curd With o Povor Gonoruto PMI#7............................................... 584Muintuining PMI Contoxt in D8coId Stuto.................................................... 585Svston Muv or Muv ot SuIv 8.8Vuux...................................................... 58b8.8Vuux Svston ourd Roquirononts............................................................. 58b8.8Vuux Curd Roquirononts ............................................................................ 587-Curd 8.8Vuux Prosonco Dotoction ................................................................... 587ProhIon. In 8 Stuto, PCI RST# SignuI WouId IIout .................................... 588SoIution ............................................................................................................... 588 - Got CuuhiIitios Iunction CuII ....................................................................................... 589Sot Povor Stuto Iunction CuII ........................................................................................ 589Got Povor Stutus Iunction CuII ..................................................................................... 589 --- - -- IxunIo Ono..................................................................................................................... 548IxunIo Tvo.................................................................................................................... 545 - -- GonoruI............................................................................................................................... 552Houdor Tvo Rogistor...................................................................................................... 554Rogistors RoIutod to Dovico ID....................................................................................... 554Introduction............................................................................................................... 554Vondor ID Rogistor ................................................................................................... 554Dovico ID Rogistor .................................................................................................... 555Rovision ID Rogistor ................................................................................................. 555CIuss Codo Rogistor .................................................................................................. 555us unhor Rogistors..................................................................................................... 55bIntroduction............................................................................................................... 55bPrinurv us unhor Rogistor................................................................................ 55bSocondurv us unhor Rogistor............................................................................ 55bSuhordinuto us unhor Rogistor......................................................................... 557Connund Rogistors ........................................................................................................ 557Introduction............................................................................................................... 557Connund Rogistor................................................................................................... 557ridgo ControI Rogistor .......................................................................................... 5bOStutus Rogistors ................................................................................................................ 5b4Introduction............................................................................................................... 5b4Stutus Rogistor (Prinurv us) ................................................................................. 5b4Socondurv Stutus Rogistor ...................................................................................... 5b5Introduction To ChussisSIot unhoring Rogistors .................................................. 5bbddross DocodoRoIutod Rogistors ............................................................................... 5b8usic Trunsuction IiItoring Mochunisn................................................................. 5b8-ridgo Monorv, Rogistor Sot und Dovico ROM................................................... 5b9Introduction........................................................................................................ 5b9uso ddross Rogistors..................................................................................... 5b9Ixunsion ROM uso ddross Rogistor ........................................................ 57Oridgos IO IiItor....................................................................................................... 57OIntroduction........................................................................................................ 57Oridgo Doosnt Suort nv IO Suco ohind ridgo................................. 571ridgo Suorts b4K IO Suco ohind ridgo............................................ 571ridgo Suorts 4G IO Suco ohind ridgo.............................................. 575Iogucv IS IO Docodo ProhIon...................................................................... 577Sono IS Drivors Iso Iius ddrossos To TuIk To Curd........................... 579ProhIon. IS und PCItoPCI ridgos on Suno PCI us............................. 579PCI IO ddross ssignnont............................................................................ 581Illoct ol Sotting tho IS InuhIo it ................................................................. 582ridgos Monorv IiItor ............................................................................................ 582Introduction........................................................................................................ 582Dotornining Il Monorv Is ProlotchuhIo or ot ............................................ 584Suorts 4G ProlotchuhIo Monorv On Socondurv Sido............................ 584Suorts > 4G ProlotchuhIo Monorv On Socondurv................................. 588RuIos lor ProlotchuhIo Monorv....................................................................... 588ridgos MonorvMuod IO IiItor ...................................................................... 59OCucho Iino Sizo Rogistor ................................................................................................ 591Iutoncv Tinor Rogistors.................................................................................................. 592Introduction............................................................................................................... 592Iutoncv Tinor Rogistor (Prinurv us) .................................................................. 592Socondurv Iutoncv Tinor Rogistor......................................................................... 592IST Rogistor..................................................................................................................... 592IntorrutRoIutod Rogistors ............................................................................................ 598 -- Introduction...................................................................................................................... 598us unhor ssignnont................................................................................................ 594Chussis und SIot unhor ssignnont ......................................................................... 594ProhIon. ddingRonoving ridgo Cuusos usos to o Ronunhorod........... 594Il usos ddodRonovod, SIot IuhoIs Must Ronuin Corroct........................... 595Dolinition ol u Chussis ............................................................................................. 595ChussisSIot unhoring Rogistors........................................................................ 59bIntroduction........................................................................................................ 59bSIot unhor Rogistor (roudonIv) ................................................................... 597Chussis unhor Rogistor (roudvrito) .......................................................... 598Sono RuIos................................................................................................................. 599Throo IxunIos......................................................................................................... 599IxunIo Ono ...................................................................................................... 599-IxunIo Tvo...................................................................................................... bO2IxunIo Throo ................................................................................................... bO4ddross Suco IIocution............................................................................................... bObIRO ssignnont ............................................................................................................... bO8DisIuv Conligurution..................................................................................................... bO8Thoro Muv o Tvo DisIuv dutors.................................................................... bO8Idontilving tho Tvo dutors................................................................................. bO9Tho dutors Muv o On Suno or Dilloront usos............................................. bO9SoIution ...................................................................................................................... b1OPCItoPCI ridgo Stuto ltor Rosot....................................................................... b12onVG Gruhics ControIIor (uku GIX) ltor Rosot ....................................... b18VG Gruhics ControIIor ltor Rosot ................................................................... b18Illocts ol Sotting VGs PuIotto Snoo it............................................................ b18Illocts ol CIouring GIXs PuIotto Snoo it.......................................................... b18Illocts ol ridgos VGRoIutod ControI its ...................................................... b14Dotocting und Conliguring dutors und ridgos .............................................. b14 Introduction...................................................................................................................... b1bSociuI CvcIo Trunsuctions.............................................................................................. b19Tvo 1 Conligurution Trunsuctions ............................................................................... b2OTvo O Conligurution ccoss ......................................................................................... b2O - Dovicos Thut Iso Intorrut Trucos ................................................................................ b24Dovicos Thut Iso MSI...................................................................................................... b2b HundIing ol Monorv Writo und InvuIiduto Connund ............................................. b27RuIos Rogurding Postod Writo ullor Isugo ............................................................... b28MuItiIoDutu Phuso SociuI CvcIo Roquosts............................................................... b28 GonoruI............................................................................................................................... b29HundIing ddross Phuso Puritv Irrors......................................................................... b8OIntroduction............................................................................................................... b8Oddross Phuso Puritv Irror on Prinurv Sido ....................................................... b8Oddross Phuso Puritv Irror on Socondurv Sido ................................................... b8ORoud Dutu Phuso Puritv Irror......................................................................................... b81Introduction............................................................................................................... b81Puritv Irror Whon Porlorning Roud On Dostinution us.................................. b81Puritv Irror Whon DoIivoring Roud Dutu To Originuting Mustor..................... b82-ud Puritv On Prolotchod Dutu............................................................................... b82Writo Dutu Phuso Puritv Irror........................................................................................ b88GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... b88Dutu Phuso Puritv Irror on IO or Conligurution Writo....................................... b85Introduction........................................................................................................ b85Mustor Roquost Irror ........................................................................................ b85Turgot ConIotion Irror .................................................................................. b8bPuritv Irror On u Suhsoquont Rotrv ............................................................... b87Dutu Phuso Puritv Irror on Postod Writo .............................................................. b88Introduction........................................................................................................ b88Originuting us IrrorPuss It Iong To Turgot .......................................... b89Dostinution us Irror........................................................................................ b4OHundIing Mustor hort................................................................................................... b41HundIing Turgot hort.................................................................................................... b48Introduction............................................................................................................... b48Turgot hort On DoIuvod Writo Trunsuction ....................................................... b44Turgot hort On Postod Writo ................................................................................ b44Discurd Tinor Tinoout ................................................................................................... b44HundIing SIRR# on Socondurv Sido............................................................................. b47 - - - SinIo Dovico ................................................................................................................... b49ridgo................................................................................................................................. b5O - - - Ordoring RuIos Ior SinIo Dovicos .............................................................................. b5ODoudIocks ssociutod With SinIo Dovicos................................................................ b51Sconurio Ono.............................................................................................................. b51Sconurio Tvo ............................................................................................................. b51- - - Introduction...................................................................................................................... b52ridgo Munugos iDiroctionuI Trullic IIov................................................................ b58ProducorConsunor ModoI........................................................................................... b54GonoruI Ordoring Roquirononts ................................................................................... b58OnIv Monorv Writos Postod................................................................................... b58Postod Monorv Writos Ivuvs ConIoto In Ordor ........................................... b58Writos Moving In Oosito Diroctions Huvo o RoIutionshi ......................... b59oloro Roud Crossos ridgo, Monorv Must o Svncd I ................................ b59Postod Writo ccotunco Cunnot Doond On Mustor ConIotion.................. b59Doscrition ......................................................................................................... b59Ixcotion To tho RuIoMustor Hus Iockod Turgot .................................... bbODoIuvod Trunsuction Ordoring Roquirononts............................................................. bbO-ridgo Ordoring RuIos .................................................................................................... bb1RuIo 1Insuros Postod Monorv Writos ro StrongIvOrdorod...................... bb2RuIo 2Insuros !ustIutchod Roud Ohtuins Corroct Dutu ................................ bb2RuIo 8Insuros DWR ot Dono IntiI II Postod Writos Dono ...................... bb2RuIo 4iDiroctionuI Postod Writos Dono oloro Roud Dutu Ohtuinod........ bb8RuIo 5voids DoudIock otvoon OId und ov ridgos................................ bb8RuIo bvoids DoudIock otvoon ov ridgos ............................................... bbbRuIo 7voids DoudIock otvoon OId und ov ridgos................................ bb7Iocking, DoIuvod Trunsuctions und Postod Writos .................................................... b7OIock Pussugo Is IniDiroctionuI (DovnstrounOnIv) ........................................ b7OOnco Iockod, ridgo OnIv Pornits Iocking Mustor ccoss .............................. b7Octions Tukon oloro IIoving Iock To Truvorso ridgo ................................. b7Oltor ridgo Iockod ut oloro Socondurv Turgot Iockod................................ b71ltor Socondurv Turgot Iockod, o Socondurv Sido Posting............................ b71SinIost Dosignridgo Rosorvod Ior Iocking Mustors Iso ......................... b71 - - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... b74RouIModo ......................................................................................................................... b7528b Protoctod Modo (1b.1b)............................................................................................. b7b88b Protoctod Modo (1b.82)............................................................................................. b7bToduvs OSs Iso IIut Modo (O.82) ................................................................................. b77 - - - - - - - - - GonoruI............................................................................................................................... b84IIS Mustor Initiutos Iockod Trunsuction Sorios Turgoting Muin Monorv........... b84Procossor Initiutos Iockod Trunsuction Sorios Turgoting IIS Monorv................. b85PossihIo DoudIock Sconurio ............................................................................................ b85 - - - IOCK# SignuI ................................................................................................................... b87us Iock. PornissihIo hut ot Prolorrod ..................................................................... b88Rosourco Iock. Prolorrod SoIution ................................................................................ b89-Introduction............................................................................................................... b89Dotornining Iock Mochunisn vuiIuhiIitv.......................................................... b89IstuhIishing Iock...................................................................................................... b9OIockod ridgo Cunnot ccot ccossos Iron Iithor Sido................................. b92InIockod Turgots Muv o ccossod hv unv Mustor On Suno PCI us............ b92ccoss to Iockod Turgot hv Mustor Othor thun Ovnor. Rotrv .......................... b98Continuution undor Ind ol Iockod Trunsuction Sorios.................................... b94- -- -- - InIonontution RuIos lor Mustors ................................................................................ b97InIonontution RuIos lor Turgots................................................................................. b97 - - - - - Stundurd PCI Invironnont ............................................................................................ 7O1Pussivo uckIuno ............................................................................................................ 7O2ConutihiIitv GIvhs............................................................................................... 7O5Dolinition ol u us Sognont.................................................................................... 7O5PhvsicuI SIot unhoring......................................................................................... 7O5IogicuI SIot unhoring........................................................................................... 7O5Connoctor usics .............................................................................................................. 7ObIntroduction to Iront und RourPunoI IO ..................................................................... 7O7IrontPunoI IO........................................................................................................... 7O7RourPunoI IO ............................................................................................................ 7O8Introduction to ConuctPCI Curds .............................................................................. 7O8Svston Curd...................................................................................................................... 71OGonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 71O82hit Svston Curd.................................................................................................... 711b4hit Svston Curd.................................................................................................... 711IS us ridgo .......................................................................................................... 711PorihoruI Curds .............................................................................................................. 71182hit PorihoruI Curds ............................................................................................ 711b4hit PorihoruI Curd.............................................................................................. 711- - Connoctors ........................................................................................................................ 712GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 712Pin unhoring (IIC 1O7b vorsus ConuctPCI) .................................................. 712Connoctor Koving..................................................................................................... 718-5V und 8.8V Curds .................................................................................................... 718InivorsuI Curds......................................................................................................... 71482hit PCI Pinout (!1P1) ......................................................................................... 714b4hit PCI Pinout (!2P2) ......................................................................................... 71bRourPunoI IO Pinouts.............................................................................................. 718Svston und PorihoruI Curd Dosign RuIos .................................................................. 719Curd Iorn Iuctors .................................................................................................... 719GonoruI ................................................................................................................ 7198I Curds ............................................................................................................. 719bI Curds ............................................................................................................. 721onPCI SignuIs........................................................................................................ 728Svston Curd InIonontution ol IDSIIs............................................................... 724Rosistors Roquirod on u Curd.................................................................................. 724Sorios Rosistors Roquirod ut tho Connoctor Pin ............................................ 724Rosistor Roquirod ut PorihoruI Curds RIO# Drivor Pin ........................... 72bRosistor Roquirod ut Iuch Svston Curd CIock Drivor Pin .......................... 72bRosistor Roquirod ut Svston Curds GT# Drivor Pin ................................ 72bPIuconont ol PuIIIs on Svston Curd ......................................................... 72bSvston Curd PuIIIs Roquirod on RIOb4# und CKb4#......................... 72bus Mustor Roquiros PuIII on GT# ......................................................... 72bDocouIing Roquirononts ....................................................................................... 727PorihoruI Curd SignuI Stuh Iongths..................................................................... 72782hit und b4hit Stuh Iongths ......................................................................... 727CIock Stuh Iongth ............................................................................................. 727Svston Curd Stuh Iongths ...................................................................................... 72782hit und b4hit Stuh Iongths ......................................................................... 727CIock Routing..................................................................................................... 727SignuI Iouding........................................................................................................... 728PorihoruI Curd SignuI Iouding...................................................................... 728Svston Curd SignuI Iouding............................................................................ 728Curd Chuructoristic Inodunco .............................................................................. 728Connoctor ShioIding................................................................................................. 728Iront PunoI und Iront PunoI IO Connoctors ................................................................ 728uckIuno Dosign RuIos.................................................................................................. 729GonoruI ....................................................................................................................... 7298I uckIuno............................................................................................................. 78ObI uckIuno............................................................................................................. 78ODinonsions ................................................................................................................ 784OvoruII uckIuno Width ................................................................................. 784OvoruII uckIuno Hoight ................................................................................ 784Connoctor Koving..................................................................................................... 784Svston SIot Connoctor PouIution......................................................................... 784-PorihoruI SIot Connoctor PouIution................................................................... 784Povor Distrihution ................................................................................................... 785Povor Socilicutions ......................................................................................... 785Povor Connoctions............................................................................................ 785DIG# und II# Intorconnoct .......................................................................... 78bPovor DocouIing............................................................................................. 78bSignuIing Invironnont ............................................................................................ 789CIock Routing............................................................................................................ 7898SIot uckIuno................................................................................................. 7897SIot uckIuno................................................................................................. 74OuckIuno vith Six or Iovor SIots .................................................................. 74OChuructoristic Inodunco ........................................................................................ 7418SIot Torninution .................................................................................................... 741IDSII Routing........................................................................................................... 741uckground ........................................................................................................ 741uckIuno DIDSII Intorconnoct................................................................ 742RIO#GT# Routing .............................................................................................. 748Intorrut Iino Routing............................................................................................. 744uckIuno Routing ol PCI Intorrut Roquost Iinos...................................... 744uckIuno Routing ol Iogucv IDI Intorrut Roquost Iinos........................ 744onPCI SignuIs........................................................................................................ 745GoogruhicuI ddrossing........................................................................................ 745uckIuno b4hit Suort......................................................................................... 747Troutnont ol SYSI# SignuI .......